躍

See also: 跃

躍	U+8E8D, 躍 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8E8D

← 躌
[U+8E8C]

CJK Unified Ideographs

躎 →
[U+8E8E]

Translingual

Han character

躍 (Kangxi radical 157, 足+14, 21 strokes, cangjie input 口一尸一土 (RMSMG), four-corner 6711₄, composition ⿰𧾷翟)

References

KangXi: page 1235, character 26
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 37955
Dae Jaweon: page 1707, character 40
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3746, character 7
Unihan data for U+8E8D

Chinese

trad.		躍
simp.		跃
alternative forms		䟑 ancient 趯

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 躍
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (翟) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
櫂	*r'eːwɢs
濯	r'eːwɢs, r'eːwɢ
耀	*lewɢs
曜	*lewɢs
燿	*lewɢs
糶	*l̥ʰeːwɢs
粜	*l̥ʰeːwɢs
嬥	l'eːw, l'eːwʔ, l'eːwɢs, r'eːwɢ
藋	*l'eːwɢs
躍	*lewɢ
戳	*r'eːwɢ
擢	*r'eːwɢ
蠗	*r'eːwɢ
鸐	*r'eːwɢ
翟	r'aːwɢ, l'eːwɢ
趯	*l̥ʰeːwɢ
籊	l̥ʰeːwɢ, l'eːwɢ
糴	*l'eːwɢ
䊮	*l'eːwɢ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *lewɢ) : semantic 足 (“foot”) + phonetic 翟 (OC *r'aːwɢ, *l'eːwɢ).

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yuè, yào (yue⁴, yao⁴)
(Zhuyin): ㄩㄝˋ, ㄧㄠˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): joek⁶, joek³
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): yok / chhiok
(Meixian, Guangdong): yog⁵
Min Dong (BUC): iŏk
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): io̍k / ia̍k / chhio̍k / iāu
(Teochew, Peng'im): iag⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yuè
  - Zhuyin: ㄩㄝˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yuè
  - Wade–Giles: yüeh⁴
  - Yale: ywè
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yueh
  - Palladius: юэ (jue)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɥɛ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yào
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄠˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yào
  - Wade–Giles: yao⁴
  - Yale: yàu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yaw
  - Palladius: яо (jao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɑʊ̯⁵¹/

Note: yào - rare colloquial variant.

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: joek⁶, joek³
  - Yale: yeuhk, yeuk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: joek⁹, joek⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: yêg⁶, yêg³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jœːk̚²/, /jœːk̚³/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yok / chhiok
  - Hakka Romanization System: iog` / qiog`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yog⁵ / qiog⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /i̯ok̚²/, /t͡ɕʰi̯ok̚²/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yok / chhiok
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)iog` / qiog`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yog⁵ / qiog⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯ok̚²/, /t͡ɕʰi̯ok̚²/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: yog⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /iɔk̚¹/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: iŏk
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /yoʔ⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: io̍k
  - Tâi-lô: io̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iok
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /iɔk̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /iɔk̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ia̍k
  - Tâi-lô: ia̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iak
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /iak̚¹²¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhio̍k
  - Tâi-lô: tshio̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: chiok
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕʰiɔk̚²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iāu
  - Tâi-lô: iāu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iau
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /iau²²/

Note:

io̍k/ia̍k - literary;
chhio̍k - vernacular;
iāu - common variant.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: iag⁴
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iak
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iak̚²/

Middle Chinese: /jɨɐk̚/

Rime
Character	躍
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	陽 (107)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	以灼切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jɨɐk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/jiɐk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/iɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jɨak̚/
Li Rong	/iak̚/
Wang Li	/jĭak̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯ak̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yuè
Expected Cantonese Reflex	joek⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*lewk/
(Zhengzhang): /*lewɢ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	躍
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yuè
Middle Chinese	‹ yak ›
Old Chinese	/*lewk/
English	leap, jump
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	躍
Reading #	1/1
No.	2220
Phonetic component	翟
Rime group	藥
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	藥
Old Chinese	/*lewɢ/

Definitions

躍

to jump; to leap
a surname: Yue

Compounds

Derived terms from 躍

一躍而起／一跃而起
兔躍／兔跃
喜躍／喜跃 (xǐyuè)
喜躍抃舞／喜跃抃舞
大躍進／大跃进 (Dàyuèjìn)
忭躍／忭跃
欣喜雀躍／欣喜雀跃 (xīnxǐ quèyuè)
欣躍／欣跃
歡忻踴躍／欢忻踊跃
歡欣踴躍／欢欣踊跃
歡躍／欢跃 (huānyuè)
活躍／活跃 (huóyuè)
翻躍／翻跃
舞刀躍馬／舞刀跃马
距躍／距跃

跳躍／跳跃 (tiàoyuè)
跳躍比賽／跳跃比赛
踊躍／踊跃
踴躍／踊跃 (yǒngyuè)
躍動／跃动 (yuèdòng)
躍升／跃升 (yuèshēng)
躍居／跃居
躍然／跃然 (yuèrán)
躍然紙上／跃然纸上 (yuèránzhǐshàng)
躍變／跃变 (yuèbiàn)
躍起／跃起
躍躍／跃跃
躍躍欲試／跃跃欲试 (yuèyuèyùshì)
躍躍狂徒／跃跃狂徒
躍進／跃进 (yuèjìn)

躍馬／跃马 (yuèmǎ)
躍馬揚鞭／跃马扬鞭
躩躍／躩跃
雀躍／雀跃 (quèyuè)
飛躍／飞跃 (fēiyuè)
馬躍檀溪／马跃檀溪
騰躍／腾跃
魚躍鳶飛／鱼跃鸢飞
魚躍龍門／鱼跃龙门
鳧趨雀躍／凫趋雀跃
鳶飛魚躍／鸢飞鱼跃
龍躍天衢／龙跃天衢
龍躍鳳鳴／龙跃凤鸣 (lóngyuèfèngmíng)
龍騰虎躍／龙腾虎跃 (lóngténghǔyuè)

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): tì (ti⁴)
(Zhuyin): ㄊㄧˋ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: tì
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄧˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: tì
  - Wade–Giles: tʻi⁴
  - Yale: tì
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tih
  - Palladius: ти (ti)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰi⁵¹/

Definitions

躍

Only used in 躍躍／跃跃 (tìtì).

References

“躍”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Shinjitai	躍
Kyūjitai [1][2]	躍󠄁 躍+`󠄁`^? (Adobe-Japan1)
	躍󠄃 躍+`󠄃`^? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Kanji

躍

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

to dance
to leap; to skip

Readings

From Middle Chinese 躍 (MC jɨɐk̚); compare Mandarin 躍 (yuè):

Go-on: やく (yaku, Jōyō)
Kan-on: やく (yaku, Jōyō)

From Middle Chinese; compare Mandarin 躍 (tì):

Go-on: ちゃく (chaku)
Kan-on: てき (teki)

From native Japanese roots:

Kun: おどる (odoru, 躍る, Jōyō)^{←をどる (wodoru, historical)}; おどらす (odorasu, 躍らす)^{←をどらす (wodorasu, historical)}; おどらせる (odoraseru, 躍らせる)^{←をどらせる (wodoraseru, historical)}; おどり (odori, 躍り)^{←をどり (wodori, historical)}

Compounds

一躍(いちやく) (ichiyaku)

References

1914, 漢和大辭書 (Kanwa Dai Jisho, “The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 2062 (paper), page 1083 (digital), Tōkyō: 興文社 (Kōbunsha)
1927, 新漢和辭典 (Shin Kanwa Jiten, “The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 1182 (paper), page 604 (digital), Ōsaka: 松雲堂 (Shōundō)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 躍 (MC jɨɐk̚). Recorded as Middle Korean 약〮 (yák) (Yale: yak) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource躍 (eumhun 뛸 약 (ttwil yak))

Hanja form^? of 약 (“leap”).

Compounds

도약 (跳躍, doyak)
약동 (躍動, yakdong)
약진 (躍進, yakjin)
활약 (活躍, hwaryak)
비약 (飛躍, biyak)
맹활약 (猛活躍, maenghwaryak)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

躍: Hán Việt readings: dược[1][2][3][4]
躍: Nôm readings: dược[1], vược

chữ Hán form of dược (“leap”).

References

Trần (2004).
Trần (1999).
Nguyễn (1974).
Thiều Chửu (1942).

[1] 1914, 漢和大辭書 (Kanwa Dai Jisho, “The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 2062 (paper), page 1083 (digital), Tōkyō: 興文社 (Kōbunsha)

[2] 1927, 新漢和辭典 (Shin Kanwa Jiten, “The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 1182 (paper), page 604 (digital), Ōsaka: 松雲堂 (Shōundō)

[gdhn-3] Trần (2004).

[tvctdhv-4] Trần (1999).

[hvttd-5] Nguyễn (1974).

[tchvtd-6] Thiều Chửu (1942).