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单词 超
释义

超

超 U+8D85, 超
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8D85
← 趄
[U+8D84]		CJK Unified Ideographs趆 →
[U+8D86]

Translingual

Han character

超 (Kangxi radical 156, 走+5, 12 strokes, cangjie input 土人尸竹口 (GOSHR), four-corner 47806, composition ⿺走召)

Derived characters

  • 𠾸, 𢵒, 㯧, 𬙄, 𦠶

References

  • KangXi: page 1216, character 14
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 37096
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1685, character 21
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3484, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+8D85

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (刀) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
刀*taːw
忉*taːw
魛*taːw
舠*taːw
朷*taːw, *moːɡ
叨*tuːw, *l̥ʰaːw
倒*taːwʔ, *taːws
到*taːws
菿*taːws, *rtaːwɢ
鞀*deːw
鳭*rteːw, *teːw
灱*hreːw
菬*sdew, *tjewʔ
超*tʰew
怊*tʰew, *tʰjew
欩*tʰew
召*dews, *djews
昭*tjew
招*tjew
鉊*tjew
沼*tjewʔ
照*tjews
詔*tjews
炤*tjews
弨*tʰjew, *tʰjewʔ
眧*tʰjewʔ
韶*djew
佋*djew, *djewʔ
軺*djew, *lew
玿*djew
柖*djew
紹*djewʔ
袑*djewʔ
綤*djewʔ
邵*djews
劭*djews
卲*djews
刁*teːw
芀*teːw, *deːw
貂*teːw
蛁*teːw
迢*deːw
苕*deːw
髫*deːw
岧*deːw

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰew) : semantic 走 (“run”) + phonetic 召 (OC *dews, *djews).

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.
超

Pronunciation

  • Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chāo (chao1)
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄠ
  • Cantonese (Jyutping): ciu1
  • Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chhêu
    (Meixian, Guangdong): cau1
  • Min Dong (BUC): chiĕu
  • Min Nan
    (Hokkien, POJ): chhiau / thiau
    (Teochew, Peng'im): tiao3 / tiou3 / tiao1 / tiou1
  • Wu (Wiktionary): tshau (T1)
  • Mandarin
    • (Standard Chinese)+
      • Hanyu Pinyin: chāo
      • Zhuyin: ㄔㄠ
      • Tongyong Pinyin: chao
      • Wade–Giles: chʻao1
      • Yale: chāu
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chau
      • Palladius: чао (čao)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
  • Cantonese
    • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
      • Jyutping: ciu1
      • Yale: chīu
      • Cantonese Pinyin: tsiu1
      • Guangdong Romanization: qiu1
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰiːu̯⁵⁵/
  • Hakka
    • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
      • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhêu
      • Hakka Romanization System: ceu´
      • Hagfa Pinyim: ceu1
      • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰeu̯²⁴/
    • (Meixian)
      • Guangdong: cau1
      • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰau⁴⁴/
  • Min Dong
    • (Fuzhou)
      • Bàng-uâ-cê: chiĕu
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰieu⁵⁵/
  • Min Nan
    • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiau
      • Tâi-lô: tshiau
      • Phofsit Daibuun: chiaw
      • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕʰiau³³/
      • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /t͡ɕʰiau⁴⁴/
    • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thiau
      • Tâi-lô: thiau
      • Phofsit Daibuun: tiaw
      • IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰiau³³/
      • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tʰiau⁴⁴/
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: tiao3 / tiou3 / tiao1 / tiou1
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thiàu / thiòu / thiau / thiou
      • Sinological IPA (key): /tʰiau²¹³/, /tʰiou²¹³/, /tʰiau³³/, /tʰiou³³/
Note:
  • tiao3/tiao1 - Shantou;
  • tiou3/tiou1 - Chaozhou.
  • Wu
    • (Shanghainese)
      • Wiktionary: tshau (T1)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɔ⁵³/
  • Middle Chinese: /ʈʰˠiᴇu/
Rime
Character超
Reading #1/1
Initial (聲)徹 (10)
Final (韻)宵 (92)
Tone (調)Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)Open
Division (等)III
Fanqie敕宵切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		/ʈʰˠiᴇu/
Pan
Wuyun		/ʈʰᵚiɛu/
Shao
Rongfen		/ȶʰiæu/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		/ʈʰiaw/
Li
Rong		/ȶʰjɛu/
Wang
Li		/ȶʰĭɛu/
Bernard
Karlgren		/ȶʰi̯ɛu/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		chāo
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		ciu1
  • Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*tʰr[a]w/
    (Zhengzhang): /*tʰew/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character超
Reading #1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		chāo
Middle
Chinese		‹ trhjew ›
Old
Chinese		/*tʰr[a]w/
Englishleap over, surpass

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character超
Reading #1/1
No.2123
Phonetic
component		刀
Rime
group		宵
Rime
subdivision		2
Corresponding
MC rime		超
Old
Chinese		/*tʰew/

Definitions

超

  1. to jump over; to leap over
  2. to cross over; to transcend
  3. to exceed; to overtake; to surpass
  4. † far; distant
  5. super; really
    超好聽／超好听  ―  chāo hǎotīng  ―  really nice to listen to
  6. super-; hyper-; ultra-
    超市  ―  chāoshì  ―  supermarket
    超音速  ―  chāoyīnsù  ―  supersonic
    超文本  ―  chāowénběn  ―  hypertext
  7. (Cantonese, colloquial) sunglasses; shades (Classifier: 副)
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 很 (“very”) [map]
Variety Location Words
edit
Classical Chinese甚, 孔
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)很, 非常, 十分
MandarinBeijing挺, 很, 倍兒, 怪
Taiwan很, 好, 非常, 超, 蠻, 超級
Tianjin挺, 很, 傻, 老, 倍兒, 齁兒
Jinan挺, 楞
Xi'an很
Wuhan蠻, 很
Chengdu很, 好
Chongqing很
Yangzhou蠻, 稀, 很
Hefei很
Malaysia很
Singapore很, 蠻, 非常
CantoneseGuangzhou好, 非常之
Hong Kong好, 非常, 非常之, 超, 勁, 十分之
Zhongshan (Shiqi)好
Taishan好, 十分之
Yangjiang好
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)好
Singapore (Guangfu)好, 非常之, 非常
GanNanchang蠻
HakkaMeixian好, 刮, 已, 還, 異, 還 exclamation
Huidong (Daling)好
Wuhua (Meilin)好
Shaoguan (Qujiang)頂
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)好
Changting野
Wuping (Pingyu)已, 刮
Liancheng樣
Ninghua好
Ruijin蠻
Shicheng蠻
Shangyou (Shexi)蠻
Miaoli (N. Sixian)當, 已, 還
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)蓋, 盡, 還
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)當, 盡, 已, 還
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)當, 已, 還
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)當, 已, 還
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)足, 真, 實在
Hong Kong好
Sabah (Bao'an)好
Kuching (Hepo)很
Singapore (Dabu)好
JinTaiyuan很, 挺
Min BeiJian'ou盡
Min DongFuzhou野, 真
Singapore (Fuqing)真
Manjung (Gutian)真
Min NanXiamen真, 野, 誠, 有夠, 萬代, 死人, 非常, 真正
Xiamen (Tong'an)真
Quanzhou真, 野, 誠, 有夠, 萬代, 死人
Jinjiang野
Zhangzhou盡, 蓋, 足, 足範, 有夠, 出奇, 極死, 見死, 死了了, 死人
Zhao'an很, 真, 死絕, 好, 非常
Dongshan真, 非常
Taipei真, 誠
New Taipei (Sanxia)真, 誠
Kaohsiung有夠, 足, 真, 誠, 蓋
Yilan有夠, 足, 誠, 盡
Changhua (Lukang)真, 誠
Taichung誠, 蓋, 足
Tainan有夠, 足, 真, 誠, 蓋
Hsinchu真, 誠
Kinmen足, 誠
Penghu (Magong)真, 誠
Penang (Hokkien)真, 誠, 真正
Singapore (Hokkien)真, 死爸, 真正, 誠, 足, 有夠
Manila (Hokkien)野, 真, 萬代, 真正
Chaozhou過, 好, 非常, 死爸
Shantou過, 鐵, 好, 很, 死爸, 死絕
Shantou (Chenghai)好, 死絕
Shantou (Chaoyang)好, 非常
Jieyang過, 好, 死爸, 死絕
Bangkok (Teochew)好
Johor Bahru (Teochew)好
Singapore (Teochew)真, 死爸, 非常
Wenchang極, 但顧, 真
Haikou但顧
Qionghai但顧, 真
Singapore (Hainanese)但顧, 真
WuShanghai蠻, 老, 邪氣, 老老, 瞎, 絕, 十分, 十二萬分, 非常, 非常之, 畢, 畢畢, 來得, 來得個, 煞, 交關, 十二分 rare, 窮 dated, 野 dated, 邪 dated
Suzhou蠻
Ningbo交關, 蠻, 堪, 𠊉好, 𠊉派, 甮派, 出格, 木牢牢 rare, 猛 rare
Zhoushan交關, 蠻, 猛, 堪, 出格, 木牢牢 rare
Wenzhou蠻, 蒙, 顯
XiangChangsha很, 蠻
Shuangfeng蠻
Dialectal synonyms of 墨鏡 (“sunglasses”) [map]
Variety Location Words
edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)墨鏡
MandarinTaiwan墨鏡, 太陽眼鏡
Yantai (Muping)墨鏡
Wanrong墨鏡
Yinchuan墨鏡
Xining墨鏡
Guiyang墨斯眼鏡
Nanjing太陽鏡
Singapore墨鏡, 太陽眼鏡
CantoneseGuangzhou墨鏡, 墨超, 盲公鏡
Hong Kong太陽眼鏡, 黑超, 超, 墨鏡
HakkaHuizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)盲公鏡
Miaoli (N. Sixian)烏目鏡
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)烏目鏡
JinTaiyuan黑眼鏡, 黑墨鏡
Min NanXiamen烏晶目鏡, 烏目鏡
Quanzhou烏目鏡
Jinjiang眼光鏡
Zhangzhou烏晶目鏡, 烏目鏡
Taipei烏仁的
Kaohsiung烏仁目鏡
Yilan烏目鏡
Changhua (Lukang)烏仁目鏡
Taichung烏仁目鏡
Taichung (Wuqi)烏仁的
Tainan烏仁目鏡
Taitung烏仁的
Hsinchu烏仁目鏡
Penghu (Magong)烏仁目鏡
Singapore (Hokkien)烏目鏡
Jieyang烏目鏡
Haikou烏目鏡
Southern PinghuaNanning (Tingzi)太陽鏡, 墨鏡, 黑眼鏡
WuShanghai太陽眼鏡, 墨鏡
Danyang墨鏡
Hangzhou太陽眼鏡兒
Ningbo太陽眼

Compounds

Derived terms from 超

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.
超

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “euphemism for 屌?”)

Pronunciation

  • Cantonese (Jyutping): ciu1, ciu2
  • Cantonese
    • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
      • Jyutping: ciu1, ciu2
      • Yale: chīu, chíu
      • Cantonese Pinyin: tsiu1, tsiu2
      • Guangdong Romanization: qiu1, qiu2
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰiːu̯⁵⁵/, /t͡sʰiːu̯³⁵/

Definitions

超

  1. (Cantonese) Interjection of unimpressed dismissal in reply.
    超，又唔係未去過。 [Cantonese, trad.]
    超，又唔系未去过。 [Cantonese, simp.]
    ciu2, jau6 m4 hai6 mei6 heoi3 gwo3. [Jyutping]
    Come on, it's not like I've never been there before.

Japanese

Kanji

超

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

  • Go-on: ちょう (chō, Jōyō)←てう (teu, historical)
  • Kan-on: ちょう (chō, Jōyō)←てう (teu, historical)
  • Kun: こえる (koeru, 超える, Jōyō); こす (kosu, 超す, Jōyō)

Prefix

超(ちょう) • (chō-) 

  1. extra-; hyper-; mega-; meta-; para-; super-; trans-; ultra-
    超(ちょう)音(おん)波(ぱ)
    chōonpa
    ultrasound
  2. (slang) super; very
    超(ちょう)好(す)き
    chō-suki
    to like intensely
    超(ちょう)キモい
    chō-kimoi
    super disgusting

Compounds

Compounds
  • 超越(ちょうえつ) (chōetsu): transcendence
  • 超人(ちょうじん) (chōjin): superman, extraordinary person
  • 超能力(ちょうのうりょく) (chōnōryoku): psychic power, supernatural power
  • 超新星(ちょうしんせい) (chōshinsei): supernova
  • 超伝導(ちょうでんどう) (chōdendō): superconductivity
  • 超過(ちょうか) (chōka): excess, overrun
  • 超臨界(ちょうりんかい) (chōrinkai): (noun) supercritic
  • 超臨界水(ちょうりんかいすい) (chōrinkaisui): supercritical water
  • 超次元(ちょうじげん) (chōjigen): transdimensional
  • 超時間(ちょうじかん) (chōjikan): transtemporal; hypertime
  • 超自然(ちょうしぜん) (chōshizen): the supernatural
  • 超常(ちょうじょう) (chōjō): the paranormal
  • 超音波(ちょうおんぱ) (chōonpa): ultrasound
  • 超低周波音(ちょうていしゅうはおん) (chōteishūhaon): infrasound

Korean

Hanja

超 (eumhun 뛰어넘을 초 (ttwieoneomeul cho))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

超: Hán Nôm readings: siêu, sêu

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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