趁

趁

趁 U+8D81, 趁 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8D81 ← 趀 [U+8D80] CJK Unified Ideographs 趂 → [U+8D82]

Translingual

Han character

趁 (Kangxi radical 156, 走+5, 12 strokes, cangjie input 土人人竹竹 (GOOHH), four-corner 4880₂, composition ⿺走㐱)

Derived characters

• 𦼛

References

• KangXi: page 1216, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 37083
• Dae Jaweon: page 1685, character 8
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3482, character 13
• Unihan data for U+8D81

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		趁
alternative forms		趂 𧼇 賺／赚 Min “to earn”

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (疹) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
沴	*rɯːls
趁	*nlanʔ, *l̥ʰɯns, *l'ɯn
紾	*ʔl'anʔ, *kljɯnʔ
跈	*nlɯːnʔ, *l'ɯːnʔ
殄	*l'ɯːnʔ
抮	*hlɯːnʔ
駗	*rɯn, *kljɯnʔ
珍	*ʔl'ɯn
診	*l'ɯns, *kljɯnʔ
畛	*kljɯn, *kljɯnʔ
疹	*kljɯnʔ
軫	*kljɯnʔ
胗	*kljɯnʔ, *klɯnʔ
袗	*kljɯnʔ, *kljɯns
眕	*kljɯnʔ
飻	*l̥ʰɯːd
餮	*r̥ʰɯːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *nlanʔ, *l̥ʰɯns, *l'ɯn) : semantic 走 (“to run”) + phonetic 㐱 ().

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): chèn (chen⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄔㄣˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): can³
• Min Bei (KCR): te̿ng
• Min Dong (BUC): tíng
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): thàn / thìn

  (Teochew, Peng'im): tang³ / ziang² / ziêng²

• Wu (Wiktionary): tshen (T2)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: chèn
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄣˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: chèn
    • Wade–Giles: chʻên⁴
    • Yale: chèn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chenn
    • Palladius: чэнь (čɛnʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰən⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: can³
    • Yale: chan
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsan³
    • Guangdong Romanization: cen³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɐn³³/
• Min Bei
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: te̿ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰeiŋ³³/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: tíng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɛiŋ²¹³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thàn / thìn
    • Tâi-lô: thàn / thìn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: taxn, tixn
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tʰan²¹/, /tʰin²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰan⁴¹/, /tʰin⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰan²¹/, /tʰin²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /tʰan¹¹/, /tʰin¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰan²¹/, /tʰin²¹/

Note:

• thàn - vernacular;
• thìn - literary.

• • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: tang³ / ziang² / ziêng²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thàng / tsiáng / tsiéng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰaŋ²¹³/, /t͡siaŋ⁵²/, /t͡sieŋ⁵²/

Note:

• tang3 - vernacular;
• ziang2/ziêng2 - literary (ziêng2 - Chaozhou).

• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: tshen (T2)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰəɲ³⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: /ɖˠiɪn/, /ɳˠiᴇn^X/, /ʈʰˠiɪn^H/

Rime
Character	趁	趁	趁
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
Initial (聲)	澄 (11)	娘 (12)	徹 (10)
Final (韻)	眞 (44)	仙 (79)	眞 (44)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III	III
Fanqie	直珍切	尼展切	丑刃切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɖˠiɪn/	/ɳˠiᴇnX/	/ʈʰˠiɪnH/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖᵚin/	/ɳᵚiɛnX/	/ʈʰᵚinH/
Shao Rongfen	/ȡien/	/niænX/	/ȶʰienH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖjin/	/ɳianX/	/ʈʰjinH/
Li Rong	/ȡjĕn/	/njɛnX/	/ȶʰjĕnH/
Wang Li	/ȡǐĕn/	/nĭɛnX/	/ȶʰǐĕnH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȡʱi̯ĕn/	/ni̯ɛnX/	/ȶʰi̯ĕnH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chén	niǎn	chèn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	can4	nin5	can3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*nlanʔ/, /*l̥ʰɯns/, /*l'ɯn/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	趁	趁	趁
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
No.	17084	17092	17093
Phonetic component	疹	疹	疹
Rime group	元	文	文
Rime subdivision	1	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	趁	疢	陳
Old Chinese	/*nlanʔ/	/*l̥ʰɯns/	/*l'ɯn/
Notes	莊子作跈		集韻義同說文

Definitions

趁

1. (literary or Min) to chase; to pursue
2. (literary or Min) to follow; to accompany
3. to take advantage of (time, opportunity, etc); to avail oneself of

   趁機會偷嘢食 [Cantonese, trad.]
   趁机会偷嘢食 [Cantonese, simp.]

   can³ gei¹ wui⁶ tau¹ je⁵ sik⁶ [Jyutping]

   filch food while the opportunity is there

4. (Min) to earn (money)

   趁大錢／趁大钱 [Hokkien]  ―  thàn tōa-chîⁿ [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to earn a lot of money

5. (Mandarin, colloquial) to have a lot of

   趁錢／趁钱  ―  chènqián  ―  wealthy

6. used to indicate a present situation: while circumstances are optimal

   趁熱打鐵／趁热打铁  ―  chèn rè dǎ tiě  ―  to strike while the iron is hot

   趁天氣好，快出去玩兒吧。 [MSC, trad.]
   趁天气好，快出去玩儿吧。 [MSC, simp.]

   Chèn tiānqì hǎo, kuài chūqù wánr ba. [Pinyin]

   While the weather's good, go outside and play.

7. (Min Dong) from; since
8. (Mainland China Hokkien) to imitate (someone)
9. (Quanzhou and Xiamen Hokkien) to shoo away; to drive away (poultry or livestock)

Compounds

忙投急趁 打趁 朝趁暮食 相趁 睃趁 短趁 趁人之危 趁便 (chènbiàn) 趁口 趁哄 趁哄打劫 趁墟 (chènxū) 趁工 趁常 趁心 (chènxīn) 趁心如意 趁手 趁早 (chènzǎo) 趁波逐浪 趁流水

趁浪逐波 趁火打劫 (chènhuǒdǎjié) 趁熟 趁空 趁船 趁逐 趁食 (thàn-chia̍h) 趁食人 趁食查某 趁黑 尋趁／寻趁 廝趁／厮趁 打鐵趁熱／打铁趁热 (dǎtiěchènrè) 趁亮兒／趁亮儿 趁人不備／趁人不备 趁勢／趁势 (chènshì) 趁勢落篷／趁势落篷 趁樣／趁样 趁機／趁机 (chènjī) 趁火搶劫／趁火抢劫

趁熱／趁热 趁熱灶／趁热灶 趁熱灶火／趁热灶火 趁緊／趁紧 趁腳兒蹻／趁脚儿跷 趁虛而入／趁虚而入 (chènxū'érrù) 趁討／趁讨 趁貨兒／趁货儿 趁錢／趁钱 (chènqián) 趁韻／趁韵 趁頭／趁头 趁頭市／趁头市 趁願／趁愿 趁風勢／趁风势 趁風揚帆／趁风扬帆 趁食間／趁食间 趕趁／赶趁 趕趁人／赶趁人 隨趁／随趁 雜趁／杂趁

References

• “趁”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

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Japanese

Kanji

趁

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: ちん (chin)
• Kan-on: ちん (chin)
• Kun: おう (ou, 趁う)

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Korean

Hanja

趁 • (jin, jeon) (hangeul 진, 전, revised jin, jeon, McCune–Reischauer chin, chŏn, Yale cin, cen)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

趁: Hán Việt readings: sấn[1][2][3][4]
趁: Nôm readings: sấn[1], sán[1], sắn[1], sớn[5], thấn[5], xớn[5]

1. chữ Hán form of sấn (“chase, "while it is still/right..."”).

References

1. Trần (2004).
2. Trần (1999).
3. Nguyễn (1974).
4. Thiều Chửu (1942).
5. Hồ (1976).