豈
See also: 岂
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Translingual
Han character
豈 (Kangxi radical 151, 豆+3, 10 strokes, cangjie input 山一口廿 (UMRT), four-corner 22108, composition ⿱山豆)
Derived characters
- 凒 𠹛 塏 㜐 嵦 愷 㨟 溰 𤠲 隑 暟 榿 㱯 䐩 𤧸 皚 䁗 磑 䅱 螘 䠽 鎧 䭓 䱺 䶣
- 凱 獃 敱 敳 𧯶 覬 顗 颽
- 䔇 闓 𠏥
References
- KangXi: page 1191, character 20
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36249
- Dae Jaweon: page 1654, character 15
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3565, character 4
- Unihan data for U+8C48
- Unihan data for U+F900
Chinese
trad. | 豈 | |
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simp. | 岂 |
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 豈 | ||
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Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Characters in the same phonetic series (豈) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Old Chinese | |
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獃 | *tŋɯː, *ŋɯː |
剴 | *kŋɯːl, *ŋɯːl |
凱 | *ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ |
愷 | *ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ |
塏 | *ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ |
鎧 | *ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ, *ŋ̊ʰɯːls |
颽 | *ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ |
暟 | *ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ |
闓 | *ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ, *ŋ̊ʰɯːls |
豈 | *ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ, *ŋ̊ʰɯlʔ |
隑 | *ɡɯːls, *ŋɯːl |
皚 | *ŋɯːl |
嵦 | *ŋɡɯːl |
敳 | *ŋɯːl |
磑 | *ŋɯːl, *ŋuːl, *ŋuːls |
螘 | *ŋralʔ, *ŋɯlʔ |
覬 | *krɯls |
溰 | *ŋɯl |
顗 | *ŋɯlʔ |
Possibly a variation of 壴 with the top part modified. May have been the original form of 凱 (“music of triumph”).
Pronunciation
Definitions
豈
- (literary, rhetorical question) how; how can it be that (used in rhetorical questions)
- Synonyms: 怎麼/怎么 (zěnme), 哪 (nǎ), 難道/难道 (nándào), 莫非 (mòfēi)
- 豈有此理/岂有此理 ― qǐyǒucǐlǐ ― how can such an idea stand?
- 豈不懷歸,畏此簡書。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Qǐ bù huái guī, wèi cǐ jiǎn shū. [Pinyin]
- Did we not long to return? Yet we were reverent to our command.
岂不怀归,畏此简书。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (dated) possibly; perhaps (modal particle indicating tentativeness)
- 天王豈辱裁之? [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Guoyu, circa 4th century BCE
- Tiānwáng qǐ rǔ cái zhī? [Pinyin]
- Might Your Majesty graciously decide so?
天王岂辱裁之? [Classical Chinese, simp.]
Compounds
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Etymology 2
For pronunciation and definitions of 豈 – see 愷 (“peaceful; harmonious”). (This character, 豈, is an obsolete form of 愷.) |
Etymology 3
For pronunciation and definitions of 豈 – see 凱 (“music of triumph; paean; triumph; victory; etc.”). (This character, 豈, is an obsolete form of 凱.) |
References
- “Query for 豈”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan], Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
- “豈”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
Kanji
豈
(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)
- an interjection of surprise
Readings
- On (unclassified): き (ki), がい (gai), かい (kai)
- Kun: あに (ani)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ani]
Adverb
豈 • (ani)
- a rhetorical interrogative; (just) how
- expresses a strong denial; not at all, not in the least
Derived terms
- 豈図らんや (ani hakaran ya)
Korean
Hanja
豈 (eumhun 어찌 기 (eojji gi))
- Hanja form? of 기 (“how, what”).
豈 (eumhun 승전악 개 (seungjeonak gae))
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
豈: Hán Việt readings: khởi
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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