護

See also: 护

護	U+8B77, 護 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8B77

← 譶
[U+8B76]

CJK Unified Ideographs

譸 →
[U+8B78]

Translingual

Alternative forms

In Taiwan and Hong Kong, the component above 蒦 is written with ⻀ (ram's horn component), which is the orthodox form found in the Shuowen Jiezi (說文解字) and Kangxi dictionary.
In mainland China (based on Xin Zixing, 新字形), Japanese kanji, Korean hanja and Vietnamese Nôm, the component above 蒦 is written with 艹 (grass radical).

Han character

護 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+14 in traditional Chinese and Korean, 言+13 in mainland China and Japanese, 21 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 20 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 卜口廿人水 (YRTOE), four-corner 0464₇, composition ⿰言蒦)

Derived characters

𧅰

Related characters

护 (Simplified Chinese)

References

KangXi: page 1184, character 17
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36038
Dae Jaweon: page 1647, character 24
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4023, character 4
Unihan data for U+8B77

Chinese

trad.		護
simp.		护

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (蒦) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
檴	ɢʷraːɡs, ɢʷaːɡ
鱯	ɢʷraːɡs, ɢʷraːɡ
護	*ɢʷraːɡs
頀	*ɢʷraːɡs
濩	ɢʷraːɡs, ɢʷaːɡ, *qʷraːɡ
韄	*ɢʷraːɡs
鳠	*ɢʷraːɡs
擭	ɢʷaːɡs, ɢʷaːɡ, *qʷraːɡ
瓁	*ŋɢʷaːɡ
劐	*qʰʷaːɡ
穫	*ɢʷaːɡ
鑊	*ɢʷaːɡ
矆	*qʰʷaɡ
鸌	*qʷaːɡ
雘	*qʷaːɡ
蠖	*qʷaːɡ
臒	qʷaːɡ, qʷaɡ
嬳	qʷaːɡ, qʷaɡ
彠	qʷaɡ, qʷraːɡ, *ɢʷraːɡ
嚄	*ɢʷraːɡ
獲	*ɢʷraːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɢʷraːɡs) : semantic 言 + phonetic 蒦 ().

Etymology

Likely cognate with Tibetan འགོགས་པ ('gogs pa, “to prevent; to avert; to repel”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): hù (hu⁴)
(Zhuyin): ㄏㄨˋ
(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): хў (hw, III)
Cantonese (Jyutping): wu⁶
Gan (Wiktionary): fu⁵
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): fu
(Meixian, Guangdong): fu⁴
Jin (Wiktionary): hu³
Min Bei (KCR): hŭ
Min Dong (BUC): hô
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): hō͘
(Teochew, Peng'im): hu⁶
Wu (Wiktionary): hhu (T3)
Xiang (Wiktionary): fu⁵ / fu⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: hù
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: hù
  - Wade–Giles: hu⁴
  - Yale: hù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huh
  - Palladius: ху (xu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu⁵¹/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: хў (hw, III)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu⁴⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: wu⁶
  - Yale: wuh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wu⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: wu⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wuː²²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: fu⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fu¹¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fu
  - Hakka Romanization System: fu
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fu⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /fu⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: fu⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /fu⁵³/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: hu³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /xu⁴⁵/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hŭ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu²⁴/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: hô
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hou²⁴²/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hō͘
  - Tâi-lô: hōo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ho
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /hɔ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hɔ³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hɔ²²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: hu⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hŭ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hu³⁵/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: hhu (T3)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɦv̩ʷ²³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: fu⁵ / fu⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɸu²¹/, /ɸu⁴⁵/

Note: fu5 - vernacular.

Middle Chinese: /ɦuo^H/

Rime
Character	護
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	模 (23)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	胡誤切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦuo^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦuo^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣo^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦɔ^H/
Li Rong	/ɣo^H/
Wang Li	/ɣu^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣuo^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wu⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷˤak-s/
(Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷraːɡs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	護
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	hù
Middle Chinese	‹ hu^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]ʷˁak-s/
English	protect
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	護
Reading #	1/1
No.	5576
Phonetic component	蒦
Rime group	暮
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	護
Old Chinese	/*ɢʷraːɡs/

Definitions

護

to protect; to safeguard; to defend; to shelter
保護環境／保护环境 ― bǎohù huánjìng ― to protect the environment
to side with (someone); to take sides; to discriminate in favor of; to show prejudice (to a particular party)

Synonyms

(to protect):

edit

保 (bǎo) (literary, or in compounds)
保庇 (Hokkien)
保障 (bǎozhàng)

保護／保护 (bǎohù)
堅持／坚持 (jiānchí)
掩護／掩护 (yǎnhù)

維持／维持 (wéichí)
維護／维护 (wéihù)
蔽護／蔽护 (bìhù) (literary)

(to side with): 偏袒 (piāntǎn)

Compounds

Derived terms from 護

不護細行／不护细行
保護／保护 (bǎohù)
保護主義／保护主义 (bǎohù zhǔyì)
保護人／保护人
保護作物／保护作物
保護區／保护区 (bǎohùqū)
保護國／保护国 (bǎohùguó)
保護狀制／保护状制
保護管束／保护管束
保護級／保护级
保護色／保护色 (bǎohùsè)
保護貿易／保护贸易
保護關稅／保护关税 (bǎohù guānshuì)
保護食物／保护食物
保護鳥／保护鸟
修護／修护
偏護／偏护 (piānhù)
加護／加护 (jiāhù)
加護病房／加护病房 (jiāhù bìngfáng)
呵護／呵护 (hēhù)
回護／回护
外交庇護／外交庇护
大都護／大都护
守護／守护 (shǒuhù)
守護神／守护神 (shǒuhùshén)
官官相護／官官相护
家庭護理／家庭护理 (jiātíng hùlǐ)
將護／将护
導護／导护
庇護／庇护 (bìhù)
庇護權／庇护权 (bìhùquán)
強制辯護／强制辩护
愛護／爱护 (àihù)
戒護／戒护
打掩護／打掩护 (dǎyǎnhù)
招護／招护
掩護／掩护 (yǎnhù)
掩護射擊／掩护射击
掩護部隊／掩护部队
搭護／搭护
擁護／拥护 (yōnghù)
攝護腺／摄护腺 (shèhùxiàn)
政治庇護／政治庇护 (zhèngzhì bìhù)
救護／救护 (jiùhù)
救護站／救护站
救護車／救护车 (jiùhùchē)
普通護照／普通护照
更生保護／更生保护

核子防護／核子防护
照護／照护 (zhàohù)
特別護士／特别护士
環境保護／环境保护 (huánjìng bǎohù)
監護／监护 (jiānhù)
監護人／监护人 (jiānhùrén)
直接保護／直接保护
看護／看护 (kānhù)
空中護航／空中护航
維護／维护 (wéihù)
耳護子／耳护子
自然保護／自然保护
衛護／卫护 (wèihù)
袒護／袒护 (tǎnhù)
被保護國／被保护国
觀護／观护
觀護人／观护人
觀護制度／观护制度
調護／调护 (tiáohù)
護于／护于 (Hùyú)
護佐／护佐
護兵／护兵 (hùbīng)
護前／护前
護向／护向
護喪／护丧
護國佑民／护国佑民 (hùguóyòumín)
護國軍／护国军
護坡／护坡 (hùpō)
護坡工程／护坡工程
護城河／护城河 (hùchénghé)
護壁／护壁
護士／护士 (hùshì)
護士節／护士节
護士長／护士长 (hùshìzhǎng)
護套／护套
護官符／护官符
護封／护封
護庇／护庇
護從／护从 (hùcóng)
護心鏡／护心镜 (hùxīnjìng)
護手／护手
護持／护持
護日／护日
護書／护书
護月／护月
護槽／护槽
護欄／护栏 (hùlán)
護民官／护民官

護法／护法 (hùfǎ)
護法戰爭／护法战争
護炕／护炕
護照／护照 (hùzhào)
護犢子／护犊子
護理／护理 (hùlǐ)
護理師／护理师 (hùlǐshī)
護疼／护疼
護盤／护盘
護短／护短 (hùduǎn)
護票卡／护票卡
護禿兒／护秃儿
護符／护符 (hùfú)
護耳／护耳
護胸／护胸
護腿／护腿 (hùtuǐ)
護膝／护膝 (hùxī)
護臂／护臂
護航／护航 (hùháng)
護花使者／护花使者
護衛／护卫 (hùwèi)
護衛艦／护卫舰 (hùwèijiàn)
護貝／护贝
護身／护身 (hùshēn)
護身物／护身物
護身符／护身符 (hùshēnfú)
護身龍／护身龙
護軌／护轨
護軍將軍／护军将军
護送／护送 (hùsòng)
護過飾非／护过饰非
護頭／护头
護養／护养 (hùyǎng)
護駕／护驾 (hùjià)
護髮素／护发素 (hùfàsù)
貿易保護／贸易保护
辯護／辩护 (biànhù)
辯護人／辩护人 (biànhùrén)
迴護／回护
遮護／遮护 (zhēhù)
都護／都护 (dūhù)
醫護／医护 (yīhù)
醫護人員／医护人员
關稅保護／关税保护
防護／防护 (fánghù)
防護團／防护团
防護林／防护林 (fánghùlín)
養護／养护

Japanese

Kanji

護

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

safeguard, protect

Readings

Go-on: ご (go, Jōyō)
Kan-on: こ (ko)
Kun: まもる (mamoru, 護る)

Compounds

護(ご)衛(えい) (goei)
護(ご)岸(がん) (gogan)
護(ご)憲(けん) (goken)
護持(ごじ) (goji): defend and maintain
護(ご)身(しん) (goshin)
護(ご)身(しん)術(じゅつ) (goshinjutsu)
護(ご)送(そう) (gosō)
護符(ごふ) (gofu), 護(ご)身(しん)符(ふ) (goshinfu): amulet, talisman
護(ご)法(ほう) (gohō)
愛(あい)護(ご) (aigo): protection, kind treatment
看(かん)護(ご) (kango)
守(しゅ)護(ご) (shugo)
庇護(ひご) (higo)
保護(ほご) (hogo): protection
弁(べん)護(ご)士(し) (bengoshi): lawyer

Proper noun

護(まもる) • (Mamoru)

a male given name

Synonyms

仗

Korean

Hanja

護 • (ho) (hangeul 호)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

護: Hán Nôm readings: hộ

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.