詩歌

詩歌

See also: 诗歌

Chinese

		poem; poetry; verse	song
trad. (詩歌)		詩	歌
simp. (诗歌)		诗	歌
alternative forms		詩哥／诗哥 obsolete
anagram		歌詩／歌诗

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): shīgē

  (Zhuyin): ㄕ ㄍㄜ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): si¹ go¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sṳ̂-kô
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): si-koa / si-ko

  (Teochew, Peng'im): si¹ go¹

• Wu (Wiktionary): sr ku (T1)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: shīgē
    • Zhuyin: ㄕ ㄍㄜ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shihge
    • Wade–Giles: shih¹-ko¹
    • Yale: shr̄-gē
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyge
    • Palladius: шигэ (šigɛ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ kɤ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: si¹ go¹
    • Yale: sī gō
    • Cantonese Pinyin: si¹ go¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: xi¹ go¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siː⁵⁵ kɔː⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ̂-kô
    • Hakka Romanization System: sii´ go´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: si¹ go¹
    • Sinological IPA: /sɨ²⁴⁻¹¹ ko²⁴/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: si-koa
    • Tâi-lô: si-kua
    • Phofsit Daibuun: si'koaf
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ɕi³³ kua³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ɕi⁴⁴⁻²² kua⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ɕi⁴⁴⁻³³ kua⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: si-ko
    • Tâi-lô: si-ko
    • Phofsit Daibuun: si'koy
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ɕi⁴⁴⁻²² ko⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: si¹ go¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: si ko
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /si³³⁻²³ ko³³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: sr ku (T1)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sz̩⁵⁵ kv̩ʷ²¹/

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• Middle Chinese: /ɕɨ  kɑ/

Rime
Character	詩	歌
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	書 (26)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	之 (19)	歌 (94)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	書之切	古俄切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɕɨ/	/kɑ/
Pan Wuyun	/ɕɨ/	/kɑ/
Shao Rongfen	/ɕie/	/kɑ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɕɨ/	/ka/
Li Rong	/ɕiə/	/kɑ/
Wang Li	/ɕĭə/	/kɑ/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɕi/	/kɑ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shī	gē
Expected Cantonese Reflex	si1	go1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*s.tə  [k]ˤaj/

  (Zhengzhang): /*hljɯ  kaːl/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	詩	歌
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shī	gē
Middle Chinese	‹ syi ›	‹ ka ›
Old Chinese	/*s.tə/	/*[k]ˁaj/
English	poetry	sing, song
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	詩	歌
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	12052	7438
Phonetic component	寺	可
Rime group	之	歌
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	詩	歌
Old Chinese	/*hljɯ/	/*kaːl/

Noun

詩歌

1. (literature) poetry; poem (Classifier: 首 m c)

   詩歌朗誦／诗歌朗诵  ―  shīgē lǎngsòng  ―  poetry recital

2. (religion) hymn (Classifier: 首 m c)

Synonyms

• (literary or Min Nan) 歌詩／歌诗 (gēshī)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (詩歌):

• → Japanese: 詩(しい)歌(か) (shīka)
• → Korean: 시가(詩歌) (siga)
• → Vietnamese: thi ca (詩歌)

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Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
詩	歌
し > しい Grade: 3	か Grade: 2
irregular	on’yomi

Alternative spelling
詩哥

/ɕika/ → /ɕiːka/

Shift from older shika below. (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Now the 慣用読み (kan'yōyomi, “common reading”) form, possibly to avoid confusion with homophones.[1][2][3]

Pronunciation

• Kan’yōyomi
• (Tokyo) し​いか [shíꜜìkà] (Atamadaka – [1])[3]
• IPA^(key): [ɕiːka̠]

Noun

詩(しい)歌(か) • (shīka) 

1. Japanese and Chinese poetry
2. (poetry) a rhymed poem (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)

Derived terms

• 詩歌(しいか)合(あ)わせ (shīka-awase)
• 詩歌(しいか)管弦(かんげん), 詩歌(しいか)管絃(かんげん) (shīka kangen)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
詩	歌
し Grade: 3	か Grade: 2
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 詩歌 (MC ɕɨ kɑ). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

• On’yomi
• (Tokyo) し​か [shíꜜkà] (Atamadaka – [1])[3]
• IPA^(key): [ɕika̠]

Noun

詩(し)歌(か) • (shika) 

1. (obsolete) Japanese and Chinese poetry
2. (poetry, obsolete) a rhymed poem (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)

Derived terms

• 詩歌(しか)合(あ)わせ (shika-awase)

See also

• 漢詩(かんし) (kanshi, “Chinese poetry”)
• 和歌(わか) (waka, “Japanese poetry”)
• 歌(うた), 詩(うた) (uta)

References

1. 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
2. 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
3. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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Korean

Hanja in this term
詩	歌

Noun

詩歌 • (siga) (hangeul 시가)

1. Hanja form^? of 시가 (“poem”).

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Vietnamese

Hán tự in this term
詩	歌

Noun

詩歌

1. chữ Hán form of thơ ca (“poetry”).