訛
See also: 譌 and 讹
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Translingual
Han character
訛 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+4, 11 strokes, cangjie input 卜口人心 (YROP), four-corner 04610, composition ⿰言化)
References
- KangXi: page 1149, character 8
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35256
- Dae Jaweon: page 1616, character 10
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3947, character 8
- Unihan data for U+8A1B
Chinese
| trad. | 訛 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 讹 | |
| alternative forms | 吪 䚰 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 訛 | |
|---|---|
| Warring States | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Transcribed ancient scripts |
 |  |
Characters in the same phonetic series (化) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 訛 | *ŋʷaːl |
| 吪 | *ŋʷaːl |
| 鈋 | *ŋʷaːl |
| 囮 | *lu, *ŋʷaːl |
| 魤 | *ŋʷaːl |
| 靴 | *hʷa |
| 貨 | *hŋʷaːls |
| 花 | *hʷraː |
| 化 | *hŋʷraːls |
| 杹 | *hŋʷraːls |
| 匕 | *pilʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ŋʷaːl) : semantic 言 (“speech”) + phonetic 化 (OC *hŋʷraːls)
Etymology
Related to 化 (OC *hŋʷraːls, “to change”) (Schuessler, 2007). Possibly also related to 偽 (OC *ŋʷrals) (Schuessler, 2007), but see there for more.
Pronunciation
Definitions
訛
- (literary, or in compounds) erroneous; mistaken
- alt. forms: 譌
- (literary, or in compounds) error; mistake
- to extort; to blackmail
- Alternative form of 吪 (é).
Synonyms
- (erroneous):
Dialectal synonyms of 錯 (“wrong”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words edit |
|---|---|---|
| Classical Chinese | 過誤, 誤, 謬, 謬誤, 訛 | |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 錯, 不對, 錯誤 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 錯, 左 |
| Taiwan | 錯, 不對 | |
| Jinan | 錯, 差 | |
| Xi'an | 錯 | |
| Ürümqi | 錯 | |
| Wuhan | 錯, 左 | |
| Chengdu | 錯, 拐 | |
| Guilin | 錯 | |
| Yangzhou | 錯 | |
| Nanjing | 差 | |
| Hefei | 錯 | |
| Malaysia | 錯, 不對 | |
| Singapore | 錯, 不對 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 錯, 唔啱 |
| Hong Kong | 錯, 唔啱 | |
| Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 錯 | |
| Macau | 錯 | |
| Guangzhou (Panyu) | 錯 | |
| Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 唔啱 | |
| Guangzhou (Conghua) | 錯 | |
| Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 錯 | |
| Foshan | 錯 | |
| Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 錯 | |
| Foshan (Shunde) | 錯 | |
| Foshan (Sanshui) | 錯, 唔啱 | |
| Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 錯 | |
| Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 錯 | |
| Zhuhai (Qianshan) | 錯 | |
| Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) | 錯 | |
| Zhuhai (Doumen) | 錯 | |
| Jiangmen (Baisha) | 錯 | |
| Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 錯 | |
| Taishan | 錯 | |
| Kaiping (Chikan) | 錯 | |
| Enping (Niujiang) | 錯 | |
| Heshan (Yayao) | 錯 | |
| Dongguan | 錯 | |
| Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 錯 | |
| Yangjiang | 錯 | |
| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 唔啱, 錯 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 唔啱, 錯 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 錯 |
| Lichuan | 錯 | |
| Hakka | Meixian | 差, 唔啱 |
| Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 錯 | |
| Dongguan (Qingxi) | 錯 | |
| Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 錯 | |
| Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 錯 | |
| Conghua (Lütian) | 錯 | |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 唔著 | |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 唔著 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 唔著 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 唔著 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 唔著 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 唔著 | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 錯, 不對, 差 |
| Min Bei | Jian'ou | 錯 |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 賺 |
| Matsu | 賺 | |
| Min Nan | Xiamen | 賺, 毋著 |
| Quanzhou | 賺, 毋著 | |
| Shishi | 賺 | |
| Zhangzhou | 賺, 毋著 | |
| Zhao'an | 毋著 | |
| Taipei | 毋著 | |
| Kaohsiung | 毋著 | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | salah, 毋著, 賺 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | salah, 毋著 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 毋著, 賺 | |
| Chaozhou | 賺 | |
| Shantou | 賺, 唔對, 唔著 | |
| Jieyang | 賺 | |
| Singapore (Teochew) | salah, 唔著, 賺 | |
| Wenchang | 無著 | |
| Haikou | 錯 | |
| Singapore (Hainanese) | 無著 | |
| Zhongshan Min | Shaxi (Longdu) | 錯 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 錯 |
| Suzhou | 錯 | |
| Danyang | 賺 | |
| Ningbo | 錯, 賺 | |
| Wenzhou | 賺 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 錯, 左 |
| Shuangfeng | 造, 錯 | |
- (error):
edit
Synonyms of 訛
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- (to extort):
edit
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Compounds
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Japanese
Kanji
訛
(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Readings
- Go-on: が (ga)
- Kan-on: が (ga)
- Kan’yō-on: か (ka)
- Kun: なまる (namaru, 訛る); なまり (namari, 訛); あやまる (ayamaru, 訛る)
Compounds
- 訛音
- 訛伝
- 転訛
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 訛 (MC ŋuɑ).
| Historical Readings | ||
|---|---|---|
| Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
| Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | ᅌᅪᆼ (Yale: ngwà) | |
| Middle Korean | ||
| Text | Eumhun | |
| Gloss (hun) | Reading | |
| Sinjeung Yuhap, 1576 | 그르될 (Yale: kulu-twoyl) | 와 (Yale: wa) |
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [wa̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [와]
Hanja
Wikisource訛 (eumhun 그릇될 와 (geureutdoel wa))
- Hanja form? of 와 (“erroneous; mistaken”).
Compounds
Compounds
- 와전 (訛傳, wajeon)
- 와언 (訛言, wa'eon)
- 와어 (訛語, wa'eo)
- 와음 (訛音, wa'eum)
- 전와 (傳訛, jeonwa)
- 와자 (訛字, waja)
References
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.
Vietnamese
Han character
訛: Hán Nôm readings: ngoa, ngỏa/ngoả
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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