覆う
Japanese
Kanji in this term |
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覆 |
おお Grade: S |
kun’yomi |
Alternative spellings |
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被う 蔽う 蓋う 掩う |
Etymology
/opu pu/ → /opopu/ → /ofofu/ → */owou/ → /oːu/
From the Old Japanese verb 覆ふ (opu, “cover from above”) + ふ (-fu, auxiliary verb modifier).[1]
Pronunciation
- Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) おおう [òóú] (Heiban – [0])[1]
- (Tokyo) おおう [òóꜜù] (Nakadaka – [2])[1]
- IPA(key): [o̞ːɯ̟ᵝ]
- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "覆う"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary | |||
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) | 覆う | おおう | [òóú] |
Imperative (命令形) | 覆え | おおえ | [òóé] |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | 覆われる | おおわれる | [òówárérú] |
Causative | 覆わせる | おおわせる | [òówásérú] |
Potential | 覆える | おおえる | [òóérú] |
Volitional | 覆おう | おおおー | [òóóꜜò] |
Negative | 覆わない | おおわない | [òówánáí] |
Negative perfective | 覆わなかった | おおわなかった | [òówánáꜜkàttà] |
Formal | 覆います | おおいます | [òóímáꜜsù] |
Perfective | 覆った | おおった | [òóttá] |
Conjunctive | 覆って | おおって | [òótté] |
Hypothetical conditional | 覆えば | おおえば | [òóéꜜbà] |
Verb
覆う • (ōu) ←おほふ (ofofu)? transitive godan (stem 覆い (ōi), past 覆った (ōtta))
- to cover
- 1188, Senzai Wakashū (book 17, poem 1137; also Hyakunin Isshu, poem 95)
- おほけなくうき世の民におほふかなわが立つ杣にすみぞめの袖
- ōkenaku ukiyo no tami ni ōu kana waga tatsu soma ni sumizome no sode
- Unworthy am I, but my black-dyed sleeves shelter people in this floating world from this hall of timbers hewn from the mountain.[2]
- おほけなくうき世の民におほふかなわが立つ杣にすみぞめの袖
- 雲が東欧を覆う
- kumo ga Tōō o ōu
- clouds cover eastern Europe
- 道は雪で覆われています
- michi wa yuki de ōwareteimasu
- the road is covered with snow
- 1188, Senzai Wakashū (book 17, poem 1137; also Hyakunin Isshu, poem 95)
- to cover up, to conceal, to hide
- to permeate, to spread throughout
- to include everything (Can we verify(+) this sense?)
Conjugation
Conjugation of "覆う" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Imperfective (未然形) | 覆わ | おおわ | ōwa |
Continuative (連用形) | 覆い | おおい | ōi |
Terminal (終止形) | 覆う | おおう | ōu |
Attributive (連体形) | 覆う | おおう | ōu |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | 覆え | おおえ | ōe |
Imperative (命令形) | 覆え | おおえ | ōe |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | 覆われる | おおわれる | ōwareru |
Causative | 覆わせる 覆わす | おおわせる おおわす | ōwaseru ōwasu |
Potential | 覆える | おおえる | ōeru |
Volitional | 覆おう | おおおう | ōō |
Negative | 覆わない | おおわない | ōwanai |
Negative continuative | 覆わず | おおわず | ōwazu |
Formal | 覆います | おおいます | ōimasu |
Perfective | 覆った | おおった | ōtta |
Conjunctive | 覆って | おおって | ōtte |
Hypothetical conditional | 覆えば | おおえば | ōeba |
References
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- Robert E. Morrell (2002) Early Kamakura Buddhism: A Minority Report (Nanzan Studies in Religion and Culture), Jain Publishing Company, →ISBN
- 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.