裏切る
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 裏 | 切 |
| うら Grade: 6 | き > ぎ Grade: 2 |
| kun’yomi | |
Etymology
Compound of 裏 (ura, “back, behind”) + 切る (kiru, “cut”).[1] The kiru changes to giru as an instance of rendaku (連濁).
Pronunciation
- Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) うらぎる [ùrágíꜜrù] (Nakadaka – [3])[2]
- IPA(key): [ɯ̟ᵝɾa̠ɡʲiɾɯ̟ᵝ]
Verb
裏切る (transitive, godan conjugation, hiragana うらぎる, rōmaji uragiru)
- to betray, to sell someone out, to turn traitor, to double-cross
- to disappoint
Conjugation
Conjugation of "裏切る" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | 裏切ら | うらぎら | uragira |
| Continuative (連用形) | 裏切り | うらぎり | uragiri |
| Terminal (終止形) | 裏切る | うらぎる | uragiru |
| Attributive (連体形) | 裏切る | うらぎる | uragiru |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 裏切れ | うらぎれ | uragire |
| Imperative (命令形) | 裏切れ | うらぎれ | uragire |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 裏切られる | うらぎられる | uragirareru |
| Causative | 裏切らせる 裏切らす | うらぎらせる うらぎらす | uragiraseru uragirasu |
| Potential | 裏切れる | うらぎれる | uragireru |
| Volitional | 裏切ろう | うらぎろう | uragirō |
| Negative | 裏切らない | うらぎらない | uragiranai |
| Negative continuative | 裏切らず | うらぎらず | uragirazu |
| Formal | 裏切ります | うらぎります | uragirimasu |
| Perfective | 裏切った | うらぎった | uragitta |
| Conjunctive | 裏切って | うらぎって | uragitte |
| Hypothetical conditional | 裏切れば | うらぎれば | uragireba |
Derived terms
- 裏切り (uragiri): treachery, betrayal, treason; disappointment
- 裏切り者 (uragirimono): traitor, betrayer
References
- 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN