衷

衷

衷 U+8877, 衷 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8877 ← 衶 [U+8876] CJK Unified Ideographs 衸 → [U+8878]

Translingual

Han character

衷 (Kangxi radical 145, 衣+4 in Chinese, 衣+3 in Japanese, 10 strokes in Chinese, 9 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 十中竹女 (JLHV) or 卜中竹女 (YLHV), four-corner 5073₂, composition ⿳亠中𧘇)

References

• KangXi: page 1112, character 28
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 34139
• Dae Jaweon: page 1578, character 12
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3076, character 10
• Unihan data for U+8877

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		衷

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 衷
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (中) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
中	*tuŋ, *tuŋs
忠	*tuŋ
衷	*tuŋ, *tuŋs
忡	*tʰuŋ
浺	*tʰuŋ
盅	*tʰuŋ, *duŋ, *tjoŋ
种	*duŋ
沖	*duŋ
翀	*duŋ
仲	*duŋs

Ideogrammic compound (會意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *tuŋ, *tuŋs) : semantic 衣 (“clothes”) + phonetic 中 (OC *tuŋ, *tuŋs, “middle; center”).

Etymology

Related to 中 (OC *tuŋ, *tuŋs, “middle; centre”); see there for more.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhōng (zhong¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄥ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): cung¹, zung¹
• Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): cung¹
• Min Bei (KCR): cé̤ng
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): thiong / tiong

  (Teochew, Peng'im): cong¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhōng
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhong
    • Wade–Giles: chung¹
    • Yale: jūng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jong
    • Palladius: чжун (čžun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: cung¹, zung¹
    • Yale: chūng, jūng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsung¹, dzung¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: cung¹, zung¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵/, /t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: cung¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰʊŋ⁴⁴/
• Min Bei
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cé̤ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sœyŋ⁵⁴/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thiong
    • Tâi-lô: thiong
    • Phofsit Daibuun: tiofng
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tʰiɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰiɔŋ³³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, variant in Taiwan, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiong
    • Tâi-lô: tiong
    • Phofsit Daibuun: diofng
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tiɔŋ³³/
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tiɔŋ⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: cong¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshong
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰoŋ³³/

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• Middle Chinese: /ʈɨuŋ/, /ʈɨuŋ^H/

Rime
Character	衷	衷
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	知 (9)	知 (9)
Final (韻)	東 (2)	東 (2)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	陟弓切	陟仲切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʈɨuŋ/	/ʈɨuŋH/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈiuŋ/	/ʈiuŋH/
Shao Rongfen	/ȶiuŋ/	/ȶiuŋH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈuwŋ/	/ʈuwŋH/
Li Rong	/ȶiuŋ/	/ȶiuŋH/
Wang Li	/ȶĭuŋ/	/ȶĭuŋH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȶi̯uŋ/	/ȶi̯uŋH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhōng	zhòng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zung1	zung3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*tuŋ/, /*tuŋs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	衷	衷
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	17409	17411
Phonetic component	中	中
Rime group	終	終
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	中	中
Old Chinese	/*tuŋ/	/*tuŋs/

Definitions

衷

1. ^† undergarment; underwear
2. inner feelings; heart; from the bottom of one's heart
3. middle; center
4. a surname

Compounds

一本初衷 不衷 丹衷 初衷 (chūzhōng) 宸衷 寸衷 得衷 折衷 (zhézhōng) 折衷家庭 由衷 (yóuzhōng) 由衷之言

由衷感激 素衷 苦衷 (kǔzhōng) 莫衷一是 (mòzhōngyīshì) 莫衷壹是 衷心 (zhōngxīn) 衷悃 衷情 (zhōngqíng) 衷曲 (zhōngqū) 衷款 衷素

言不由衷 (yánbùyóuzhōng) 共話衷腸／共话衷肠 和衷共濟／和衷共济 (hézhōnggòngjì) 天誘其衷／天诱其衷 無動於衷／无动于衷 (wúdòngyúzhōng) 熱衷／热衷 (rèzhōng) 衷腸／衷肠 (zhōngcháng) 衷腸密語／衷肠密语 衷腸話／衷肠话 衷誠／衷诚 隱衷／隐衷 (yǐnzhōng)

References

• “衷”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

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Japanese

Kanji

衷

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. inmost, inside
2. heart, mind (also 心)

Readings

• Go-on: ちゅう (chū, Jōyō)^{←ちゆう (tyū, historical)}
• Kan-on: ちゅう (chū, Jōyō)^{←ちゆう (tyū, historical)}
• Kun: うち (uchi, 衷); まごころ (magokoro, 衷)
• Nanori: ただ (tada); ただし (tadashi); まこと (makoto)

Compounds

• 苦(く)衷(ちゅう) (kuchū, “distress”)
• 折(せっ)衷(ちゅう) (setchū, “blending, compromise”)
• 衷(ちゅう)情(じょう) (chūjō, “inner feelings, true heart”)
• 衷(ちゅう)心(しん) (chūshin, “innermost feelings”)
• 微(び)衷(ちゅう) (bichū, “one's innermost thoughts”)
• 和(わ)衷(ちゅう)協(きょう)同(どう) (wachūkyōdō, “harmonious cooperation”)

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Korean

Hanja

衷 • (chung) (hangeul 충, revised chung, McCune–Reischauer ch'ung, Yale chwung)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

衷: Hán Nôm readings: trung

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.