螵蛸

Chinese

		octopus
trad. (螵蛸)	螵	蛸
simp. ^#(螵蛸)	螵	蛸
alternative forms	蜱蛸

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): piāoxiāo
(Zhuyin): ㄆㄧㄠㄒㄧㄠ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: piāoxiāo
  - Zhuyin: ㄆㄧㄠㄒㄧㄠ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: piaosiao
  - Wade–Giles: pʻiao¹-hsiao¹
  - Yale: pyāu-syāu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: piaushiau
  - Palladius: пяосяо (pjaosjao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰjɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ɕjɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: /biᴇu|pʰiᴇu siᴇu/

Rime
Character	螵	螵	蛸
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/2
Initial (聲)	並 (3)	滂 (2)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	宵 (91)	宵 (91)	宵 (91)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III	III
Fanqie	符霄切	撫招切	相邀切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/biᴇu/	/pʰiᴇu/	/siᴇu/
Pan Wuyun	/biɛu/	/pʰiɛu/	/siɛu/
Shao Rongfen	/bjæu/	/pʰjæu/	/sjæu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/biaw/	/pʰiaw/	/siaw/
Li Rong	/biɛu/	/pʰiɛu/	/siɛu/
Wang Li	/bĭɛu/	/pʰĭɛu/	/sĭɛu/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱi̯ɛu/	/pʰi̯ɛu/	/si̯ɛu/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	piáo	piāo	xiāo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	piu⁴	piu¹	siu¹

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*bew|pʰew sew/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	螵	螵	蛸
Reading #	2/2	1/2	2/2
No.	9782	9754	13746
Phonetic component	票	票	肖
Rime group	宵	宵	宵
Rime subdivision	2	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	瓢	爂	宵
Old Chinese	/*bew/	/*pʰew/	/*sew/

Noun

螵蛸

egg-case of the praying mantis
(literary) Short for 海螵蛸 (hǎipiāoxiāo, “cuttlebone”).

Synonyms

(cuttlebone): 海螵蛸 (hǎipiāoxiāo), 烏賊骨／乌贼骨 (wūzéigǔ); (Min Nan) 墨賊船／墨贼船

Derived terms

桑螵蛸 (sāngpiāoxiāo)

海螵蛸 (hǎipiāoxiāo)

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
螵	蛸
おおじがふぐり
Hyōgaiji	Hyōgaiji
jukujikun

Compound of 祖父 (ōji, “grandad, old man”) +‎ が (ga, “'s”, Old Japanese possessive particle) +‎ 陰嚢 (fuguri, “scrotum”),[1][2][3][4] presumably from a vague visual similarity. The spelling is from Middle Chinese. First cited in the 本草和名 (Honzō Wamyō, “Japanese Names of Medicinal Plants”), the oldest surviving medical work in Japanese.[1]

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) おおじがふぐり [òójígáfúꜜgùrì] (Nakadaka – [5])[3]
IPA^(key): [o̞ːʑiɡa̠ɸɯ̟ᵝɡɯ̟ᵝɾʲi]

Noun

螵蛸(おおじがふぐり) • (ōjigafuguri) ^{←おぽぢがふぐり (opodigafuguri)^?}

[from 918] a mantis egg case
Synonyms: (egg case in general) 卵塊 (rankai), 卵鞘 (ranshō)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
螵	蛸
ひょう Hyōgaiji	しょう Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

Might be from Middle Chinese 螵蛸 (MC pʰiᴇu siᴇu), or might instead be a relatively recent borrowing from written Chinese 螵蛸. This hyōshō pronunciation is not listed in dictionaries consulted to date,[1][2][3][4][5] and online searches of the Japanese web suggest that this pronunciation might be limited to Chinese medicine contexts.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ço̞ːɕo̞ː]

Noun

螵(ひょう)蛸(しょう) • (hyōshō) ^{←へうせう (feuseu)^?}

[date uncertain] (traditional Chinese medicine) a mantis egg case

References

“螵蛸”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, →ISBN
“螵蛸”, in デジタル大辞泉 (Dejitaru Daijisen)‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
1998, 広辞苑 (Kōjien), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[KDJ2-1] “螵蛸”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, →ISBN

[DDJS-2] “螵蛸”, in デジタル大辞泉 (Dejitaru Daijisen)‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months

[DJR-3] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[K-4] 1998, 広辞苑 (Kōjien), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN

[SMK5-5] 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN