螢

See also: 萤 and 蛍

螢	U+87A2, 螢 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-87A2

← 螡
[U+87A1]

CJK Unified Ideographs

螣 →
[U+87A3]

Translingual

Traditional	螢
Shinjitai	蛍
Simplified	萤

Han character

螢 (Kangxi radical 142, 虫+10, 16 strokes, cangjie input 火火月中戈 (FFBLI), four-corner 9913₆, composition ⿱𤇾虫)

References

KangXi: page 1093, character 45

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 33434

Dae Jaweon: page 1558, character 32

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2881, character 6

Unihan data for U+87A2

Chinese

trad.		螢
simp.		萤

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (熒) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
鶯	*qreːŋ
罃	*qreːŋ
嫈	qreːŋ, qreːŋs, *qʷeŋ
褮	qreːŋ, qʷeŋ, *ɢʷeːŋ
覮	*pqʰʷeːŋ
謍	qʰʷreːŋ, qʷreːŋ, *ɢʷeŋ
䁝	*qʷraːŋʔ
嶸	ɢʷreːŋ, ɢʷreŋ
嵤	*ɢʷreːŋ
榮	*ɢʷreŋ
瑩	ɢʷreŋ, qʷeːŋs
蠑	*ɢʷreŋ
禜	ɢʷreŋ, ɢʷreŋs
醟	ɢʷreŋs, qʰʷeŋs
檾	kʰʷeŋʔ, kʰʷeːŋʔ
煢	*ɡʷeŋ
焭	*ɡʷeŋ
縈	*qʷeŋ
營	*ɢʷeŋ
鎣	ɢʷeŋ, qʷeːŋs
塋	*ɢʷeŋ
濴	*ɢʷeŋ
熒	*ɡʷeːŋ
螢	*ɡʷeːŋ
滎	*ɡʷeːŋ
濙	*qʷeːŋʔ
瀅	*qʷeːŋs

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yíng (ying²)
(Zhuyin): ㄧㄥˊ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): jing⁴
(Taishan, Wiktionary): yen³
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): yìn
(Meixian, Guangdong): yin²
Min Dong (BUC): ìng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): êng / iâⁿ
(Teochew, Peng'im): iong⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yíng
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄥˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yíng
  - Wade–Giles: ying²
  - Yale: yíng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yng
  - Palladius: ин (in)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iŋ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: jing⁴
  - Yale: yìhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jing⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: ying⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɪŋ²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: yen³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jen²²/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yìn
  - Hakka Romanization System: inˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yin²
  - Sinological IPA: /in¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yìn
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)inˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yin²
  - Sinological IPA: /(j)in¹¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: yin²
  - Sinological IPA: /in¹¹/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ìng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iŋ⁵³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: êng
  - Tâi-lô: îng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: eeng
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɪŋ²³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen): /iɪŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɪŋ¹³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iâⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: iânn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: viaa
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen): /iã²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /iã²³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /iã¹³/

Note:

êng - literary;
iâⁿ - vernacular.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: iong⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iông
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ioŋ⁵⁵/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 螢
Mandarin	Beijing	/iŋ³⁵/
	Harbin	/iŋ²⁴/
	Tianjin	/iŋ⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/iŋ⁴²/
	Qingdao	/iŋ⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/iŋ⁴²/
	Xi'an	/iŋ²⁴/
	Xining	/iə̃²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/iŋ⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/ĩn⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/iŋ⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/in²¹³/
	Chengdu	/yn³¹/
	Guiyang	/in²¹/
	Kunming	/ĩ³¹/
	Nanjing	/in²⁴/
	Hefei	/in⁵⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/iəŋ¹¹/
	Pingyao	/yŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/ĩŋ³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/ɦioŋ²³/ /ɦiŋ²³/
	Suzhou	/ɦin¹³/
	Hangzhou	/ɦin²¹³/
	Wenzhou	/joŋ³¹/
Hui	Shexian	/yʌ̃⁴⁴/
Hui	Tunxi	/iɛ⁴⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/yn¹³/ /ian¹³/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/yn¹²/
Gan	Nanchang	/yn⁴⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/in¹¹/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/in¹¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/jeŋ²¹/
	Nanning	/jeŋ²¹/
	Hong Kong	/jiŋ²¹/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/iŋ³⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/iaŋ⁵³/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/iaŋ⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/ioŋ⁵⁵/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/zɔŋ³¹/

Middle Chinese: /ɦweŋ/

Rime
Character	螢
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	青 (126)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	戸扃切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦweŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦʷeŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣuɛŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦwɛjŋ/
Li Rong	/ɣueŋ/
Wang Li	/ɣiweŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣiweŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xióng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wing⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*m-qʷˤeŋ/
(Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷeːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	螢
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yíng
Middle Chinese	‹ hweng ›
Old Chinese	/*m-qʷˁeŋ/
English	glow-worm
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	螢
Reading #	1/1
No.	15387
Phonetic component	熒
Rime group	耕
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	熒
Old Chinese	/*ɡʷeːŋ/

Definitions

螢

firefly

Compounds

囊螢／囊萤
囊螢積雪／囊萤积雪
映雪囊螢／映雪囊萤
流螢／流萤 (liúyíng)
照螢映雪／照萤映雪
積雪囊螢／积雪囊萤
聚螢／聚萤
聚螢映雪／聚萤映雪
聚螢積雪／聚萤积雪
螢光／萤光 (yíngguāng)

螢光劑／萤光剂
螢光幕／萤光幕 (yíngguāngmù)
螢光板／萤光板
螢光燈／萤光灯 (yíngguāngdēng)
螢光粉／萤光粉
螢光體／萤光体
螢幕／萤幕 (yíngmù)
螢火／萤火 (yínghuǒ)
螢火蟲／萤火虫 (yínghuǒchóng)
螢石／萤石 (yíngshí)

螢窗／萤窗
螢窗雪案／萤窗雪案
螢蛾／萤蛾
螢雪／萤雪
車胤囊螢／车胤囊萤
集螢映雪／集萤映雪
雪案螢燈／雪案萤灯
雪案螢窗／雪案萤窗
雪窗螢几／雪窗萤几
雪窗螢火／雪窗萤火

Japanese

Shinjitai	蛍
Kyūjitai	螢

Kanji

螢

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 蛍)

firefly

Readings

Go-on: ぎょう (gyō)^{←ぎやう (gyau, historical)}
Kan-on: けい (kei)^{←けい (kei, historical)}^{←くゑい (kwei, ancient)}
Kun: ほたる (hotaru, 螢)

Etymology

For pronunciation and definitions of 螢 – see the following entry.

【蛍ほたる】S	[noun] a firefly [proper noun] a female given name Alternative spelling ホタル
【蛍けい】S	[affix] used in various compounds to refer to fluorescence [proper noun] a female given name

(This term, 螢, is an alternative spelling of the above terms.)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 螢 (MC ɦweŋ). Recorded as Middle Korean 혀ᇰ (hyeng) (Yale: hyeng) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource螢 (eumhun 반딧불이 형 (banditburi hyeong))

Hanja form^? of 형 (“glow-worm; luminous insect”).

Compounds

형광 (螢光, hyeonggwang)
형설 (螢雪, hyeongseol)
형석 (螢石, hyeongseok)
형과 (螢科, hyeonggwa)
형창 (螢窓, hyeongchang)
형학 (螢學, hyeonghak)
형화 (螢火, hyeonghwa)
형광등 (螢光燈, hyeonggwangdeung)
형광체 (螢光體, hyeonggwangche)
형광판 (螢光板, hyeonggwangpan)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

螢: Hán Nôm readings: huỳnh

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