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单词
释义

U+8702, 蜂
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8702

[U+8701]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+8703]

Translingual

Han character

(Kangxi radical 142, +7, 13 strokes, cangjie input 中戈竹水十 (LIHEJ), four-corner 57154, composition虫夆)

Derived characters

  • 𦾌

References

  • KangXi: page 1084, character 6
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 33088
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1551, character 23
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2857, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+8702

Chinese

simp. and trad.
2nd round simp.
alternative forms

Glyph origin

Simplified from . Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *boːŋ, *pʰoŋ) : semantic (insect) + phonetic (OC *pʰoŋ, *boŋ, *ɡaːds) – a kind of insect.

Etymology

Cognate with Tibetan བུང་བ (bung ba, bee) (Schuessler, 2007). STEDT lists as a Chinese comparandum under its Proto-Sino-Tibetan root *pljum (bee, wasp).

May be ultimately of onomatopoeic origin. Compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *ʔu(ə)ŋ ~ hu(ə)ŋ (bee, wasp, hornet), whence Vietnamese ong (bee).

Pronunciation

  • Mandarin
    (Pinyin): fēng (feng1)
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄥ
  • Cantonese (Jyutping): fung1
  • Hakka (Sixian, PFS): phûng / fûng
  • Jin (Wiktionary): feng1
  • Min Bei (KCR): pó̤ng
  • Min Dong (BUC): pŭng
  • Min Nan
    (Hokkien, POJ): phang / hong
    (Teochew, Peng'im): pang1
  • Wu (Wiktionary): fon (T1)

  • Mandarin
    • (Standard Chinese)+
      • Hanyu Pinyin: fēng
      • Zhuyin: ㄈㄥ
      • Tongyong Pinyin: fong
      • Wade–Giles: fêng1
      • Yale: fēng
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: feng
      • Palladius: фэн (fɛn)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /fɤŋ⁵⁵/
  • Cantonese
    • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
      • Jyutping: fung1
      • Yale: fūng
      • Cantonese Pinyin: fung1
      • Guangdong Romanization: fung1
      • Sinological IPA (key): /fʊŋ⁵⁵/
  • Hakka
    • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
      • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phûng
      • Hakka Romanization System: pung´
      • Hagfa Pinyim: pung1
      • Sinological IPA: /pʰuŋ²⁴/
    • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
      • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phûng / fûng
      • Hakka Romanization System: pung´ / fung´
      • Hagfa Pinyim: pung1 / fung1
      • Sinological IPA: /pʰuŋ²⁴/, /fuŋ²⁴/
  • Jin
    • (Taiyuan)+
      • Wiktionary: feng1
      • Sinological IPA (old-style): /fə̃ŋ¹¹/
  • Min Bei
    • (Jian'ou)
      • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: pó̤ng
      • Sinological IPA (key): /pʰɔŋ⁵⁴/
  • Min Dong
    • (Fuzhou)
      • Bàng-uâ-cê: pŭng
      • Sinological IPA (key): /pʰuŋ⁵⁵/
  • Min Nan
    • (Hokkien)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phang / hong
      • Tâi-lô: phang / hong
      • Phofsit Daibuun: phafng, hofng
      • IPA (Xiamen): /pʰaŋ⁴⁴/, /hɔŋ⁴⁴/
      • IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰaŋ³³/, /hɔŋ³³/
      • IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰaŋ⁴⁴/, /hɔŋ⁴⁴/
      • IPA (Taipei): /pʰaŋ⁴⁴/, /hɔŋ⁴⁴/
      • IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰaŋ⁴⁴/, /hɔŋ⁴⁴/
Note:
  • phang - vernacular;
  • hong - literary.
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: pang1
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phang
      • Sinological IPA (key): /pʰaŋ³³/
  • Wu
    • (Shanghainese)
      • Wiktionary: fon (T1)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /fʊŋ⁵³/

  • Middle Chinese: /buŋ/, /pʰɨoŋ/
Rime
Character
Reading #1/22/2
Initial () (3) (2)
Final () (1) (7)
Tone (調)Level (Ø)Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)OpenOpen
Division ()IIII
Fanqie薄紅切敷容切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/buŋ//pʰɨoŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/buŋ//pʰioŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/buŋ//pʰioŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/bəwŋ//pʰuawŋ/
Li
Rong
/buŋ//pʰioŋ/
Wang
Li
/buŋ//pʰĭwoŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/bʱuŋ//pʰi̯woŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
péngfēng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
pung4fung1
  • Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*pʰ(r)oŋ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*boːŋ/, /*pʰoŋ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading #1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
fēng
Middle
Chinese
‹ phjowng ›
Old
Chinese
/*pʰ(r)oŋ/
Englishbee

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading #1/22/2
No.32143226
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
00
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*boːŋ//*pʰoŋ/
Notes同蠭

Definitions

  1. Apoidea or Vespa (wasps, bees and hornets)
       fēng   bee; honeybee
       huángfēng   wasp
  2. (specifically) honey bee
       fēng   honey
  3. swarm

Synonyms

Compounds

Descendants

  • Proto-Southwestern Tai: *pʰɤŋꟲ (bee; beeswax)
    • Ahom: 𑜇𑜢𑜤𑜂𑜫 (phüṅ)
    • Lao: ເຜິ້ງ (phœng, bee)
    • Lü: ᦕᦹᧂᧉ (ṗhueng2)
    • Shan: ၽိုင်ႈ (phūeng, bee)
    • Thai: ผึ้ง (pʉ̂ng, bee)

References

  • ”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014

Japanese

Kanji

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. bee, wasp, hornet

Readings

  • Go-on: (fu); ふう ()
  • Kan-on: ほう (, Jōyō)
  • Kun: はち (hachi, , Jōyō)

Compounds

  • 蜂起(ほうき) (hōki): rebellion, uprising, revolt

Etymology

(hachi): a bee collecting pollen.
Kanji in this term
はち
Grade: S
kun’yomi

/pati//fati//fat͡ɕi//hat͡ɕi/

From Old Japanese.[1] First cited to the Kojiki of 712 CE.[1] Compare Korean (beol, bee, wasp, hornet).

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) [hàchí] (Heiban – [0])[2][3]
  • IPA(key): [ha̠t͡ɕi]

Noun

(はち) (hachi) 

  1. [from 712] a bee, a wasp, a hornet or the like

Derived terms

  • (はな)(ばち) (hanabachi, bee, more specifically)
  • (みつ)(ばち) (mitsubachi, honeybee)
  • (すずめ)(ばち) (suzumebachi, yellow jacket)

References

  1. 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese (MC pʰɨoŋ).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448포ᇰ (Yale: phwòng)
Middle Korean
TextEumhun
Gloss (hun)Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527벌〯 (Yale: pěl)보ᇰ (Yale: pwòng)

Pronunciation

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [po̞ŋ]
  • Phonetic hangul: []

Hanja

Wikisource (eumhun 벌 봉 (beol bong))

  1. Hanja form? of (bee). [affix]

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典.

Okinawan

Kanji

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. bee; wasp; hornet

Readings

  • Kun: はちゃー (hachā, )

Etymology

Kanji in this term
はちゃー
Grade: S
kun’yomi

Cognate with Japanese (hachi, bee).

Noun

(hiragana はちゃー, rōmaji hachā)

  1. bee; wasp; hornet

References

  • はちゃー【蜂】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Việt readings: phong
: Nôm readings: ong

  1. Nôm form of ong (honey).
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