蛭

蛭

蛭 U+86ED, 蛭 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-86ED ← 蛬 [U+86EC] CJK Unified Ideographs 蛮 → [U+86EE]

Translingual

Han character

蛭 (Kangxi radical 142, 虫+6, 12 strokes, cangjie input 中戈一戈土 (LIMIG), four-corner 5111₄, composition ⿰虫至)

1. leech

References

• KangXi: page 1083, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 33048
• Dae Jaweon: page 1550, character 31
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2848, character 14
• Unihan data for U+86ED

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		蛭
alternative forms		𧓳 ⿰虫貭 𧌼

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (至) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
致	*tiɡs
輊	*tiɡs
駤	*tiɡs
跮	*tʰiɡs, *tʰiɡ
荎	*di, *diːɡ
緻	*diɡs
至	*tjiɡs
鵄	*tʰji
胵	*tʰji
痓	*tʰjiɡs
咥	*hriɡs, *tiːɡ, *diːɡ, *tʰiɡ
窒	*tiːɡ, *tiɡ
蛭	*tiːɡ, *tiɡ, *tjiɡ
垤	*diːɡ
耋	*diːɡ
姪	*diːɡ, *diɡ
絰	*diːɡ
恎	*diːɡ
挃	*tiɡ
庢	*tiɡ
銍	*tiɡ, *tjiɡ
秷	*tiɡ
螲	*tiɡ
侄	*diɡ, *tjiɡ
桎	*tjiɡ
郅	*tjiɡ
晊	*tjiɡ
室	*hliɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *tiːɡ, *tiɡ, *tjiɡ) : semantic 虫 (“insect”) + phonetic 至 (OC *tjiɡs)

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-liːt (“leech (water-, horse-)”) (STEDT).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhì (zhi⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zat⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhì
    • Zhuyin: ㄓˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhìh
    • Wade–Giles: chih⁴
    • Yale: jr̀
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyh
    • Palladius: чжи (čži)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: zat⁶
    • Yale: jaht
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzat⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: zed⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐt̚²/

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• Middle Chinese: /t͡ɕiɪt̚/, /ʈˠiɪt̚/, /tet̚/

Rime
Character	蛭	蛭	蛭
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
Initial (聲)	章 (23)	知 (9)	端 (5)
Final (韻)	眞 (48)	眞 (49)	先 (87)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III	IV
Fanqie	之日切	丁悉切	丁結切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕiɪt̚/	/ʈˠiɪt̚/	/tet̚/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕit̚/	/ʈᵚit̚/	/tet̚/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕjet̚/	/ȶiet̚/	/tɛt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cit̚/	/ʈjit̚/	/tɛt̚/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiĕt̚/	/ȶjĕt̚/	/tet̚/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭĕt̚/	/ȶĭĕt̚/	/tiet̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯ĕt̚/	/ȶi̯ĕt̚/	/tiet̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhi	zhi	die
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zat1	zat1	dit3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*tiːɡ/, /*tiɡ/, /*tjiɡ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	蛭	蛭	蛭
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
No.	17348	17357	17369
Phonetic component	至	至	至
Rime group	質	質	質
Rime subdivision	2	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	窒	蛭	質
Old Chinese	/*tiːɡ/	/*tiɡ/	/*tjiɡ/
Notes		集韻併入陟慄切

Definitions

蛭

1. leech

Compounds

吸血蛭 水蛭 (shuǐzhì) 肝蛭 (gānzhì)

肺蛭 (fèizhì) 草蛭

蛭石 (zhìshí) 蠪蛭／𰲴蛭

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Japanese

Kanji

蛭

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: しち (shichi); てち (techi)
• Kan-on: しつ (shitsu); ちつ (chitsu); てつ (tetsu)
• Kun: ひる (hiru, 蛭); えび (ebi, 蛭)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
蛭
ひる Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• Kun’yomi
• (Tokyo) ひ​る [híꜜrù] (Atamadaka – [1])[1][2][3]
• IPA^(key): [çiɾɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

蛭(ひる) • (hiru) 

1. a leech

References

1. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
3. 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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Korean

Hanja

蛭 • (jil) (hangeul 질, revised jil, McCune–Reischauer chil, Yale cil)

1. (거머리) leech

Compounds

• 馬蛭 (마질, majil) (literally and practically) horse-leech

See also

horse-leech

• 螞 (螞) (마, ma)
• 蟥 (蟥) (황, hwang)
• 螞蟥 (마황, mahwang)
• 말 (mal)거머리 (geomeori) (mal-geomeori)

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Okinawan

Kanji

蛭

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Readings

• Kun: びーる (bīru, 蛭)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
蛭
びーる Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

Cognate with Japanese 蛭 (hiru).

Noun

蛭 (hiragana びーる, rōmaji bīru)

1. leech

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Vietnamese

Han character

蛭: Hán Nôm readings: điệt

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Nôm: chất, chấy, chí, điệt

References

• Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
• Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
• Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999