蕑

蕑

蕑 U+8551, 蕑 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8551 ← 蕐 [U+8550] CJK Unified Ideographs 蕒 → [U+8552]

Translingual

Han character

蕑 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+12, 18 strokes, cangjie input 廿日弓月 (TANB), four-corner 4422₇, composition ⿱艹閒)

References

• KangXi: page 1057, character 35
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31954
• Dae Jaweon: page 1520, character 22
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3297, character 12
• Unihan data for U+8551

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Chinese

trad.		蕑
simp.		𰱇

Etymology 1

Variant of 蘭 (OC *ɡ·raːn).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jiān (jian¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄢ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gaan¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jiān
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄢ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jian
    • Wade–Giles: chien¹
    • Yale: jyān
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jian
    • Palladius: цзянь (czjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕjɛn⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: gaan¹
    • Yale: gāan
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gaan¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: gan¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaːn⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: /kˠɛn/

Rime
Character	蕑
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	山 (73)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	古閑切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠɛn/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚæn/
Shao Rongfen	/kæn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kəɨn/
Li Rong	/kɛn/
Wang Li	/kæn/
Bernard Karlgren	/kăn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gaan1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*k.rˤan/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kreːn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	蕑
Reading #	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jiān
Middle Chinese	‹ kɛn ›
Old Chinese	/*k.rˁan/ (dialect: *k.rˁ- > *kˁr-)
English	orchid
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	蕑
Reading #	1/1
No.	6233
Phonetic component	閒
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	閒
Old Chinese	/*kreːn/

Definitions

蕑

1. (literary) thoroughwort (Eupatorium)

   • 士與女，方秉蕑兮。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     士与女，方秉𰱇兮。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Shì yǔ nǚ, fāng bǐng jiān xī. [Pinyin]

     Ladies and gentlemen, are carrying thoroughworts.

Etymology 2

Variant of 蓮 (OC *reːn).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jiān (jian¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄢ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gaan¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jiān
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄢ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jian
    • Wade–Giles: chien¹
    • Yale: jyān
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jian
    • Palladius: цзянь (czjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕjɛn⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: gaan¹
    • Yale: gāan
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gaan¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: gan¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaːn⁵⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: /kˠɛn/

Rime
Character	蕑
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	山 (73)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	古閑切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠɛn/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚæn/
Shao Rongfen	/kæn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kəɨn/
Li Rong	/kɛn/
Wang Li	/kæn/
Bernard Karlgren	/kăn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gaan1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*k.rˤe[n]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kreːn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	蕑
Reading #	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jiān
Middle Chinese	‹ kɛn ›
Old Chinese	/*k.rˁe[n]/ (dialect: *k.rˁ- > kˁr-)
English	lotus fruit (Ode 145.2)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	蕑
Reading #	1/1
No.	6233
Phonetic component	閒
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	閒
Old Chinese	/*kreːn/

Definitions

蕑

1. (literary) lotus seed

   • 彼澤之陂，有蒲與蕑。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     彼泽之陂，有蒲与𰱇。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Bǐ zé zhī bēi, yǒu pú yǔ jiān. [Pinyin]

     By the shores of that marsh, there are rushes and lotus seeds.

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Japanese

Kanji

蕑

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• On (unclassified): かん (kan), げん (gen)
• Kun: ふじばかま (fujibakama)