葫蘆

葫蘆

See also: 葫芦

Chinese

Etymology 1

		phonetic
trad. (葫蘆)		葫	蘆
simp. (葫芦)		葫	芦
variant forms		壺蘆／壶芦 胡盧／胡卢 胡蘆／胡芦 壺盧／壶卢

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): húlu

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨˊ ˙ㄌㄨ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): wu⁴ lou^4-2, wu⁴ lou⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fù-lù
• Min Dong (BUC): hù-lù
• Min Nan (POJ): hô͘-lô͘
• Wu (Wiktionary): hhu lu (T3)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: húlu
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄨˊ ˙ㄌㄨ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwu.lhu
    • IPA ^(key): /xu³⁵ lu³/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (葫蘆兒／葫芦儿)⁺
    • Pinyin: húlur
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄨˊ ˙ㄌㄨㄦ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwu.lhul
    • IPA ^(key): /xu³⁵ luɻ³/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: wu⁴ lou^4-2, wu⁴ lou⁴
    • Yale: wùh lóu, wùh lòuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: wu⁴ lou^4-2, wu⁴ lou⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: wu⁴ lou², wu⁴ lou⁴
    • IPA ^(key): /wuː²¹ lou̯²¹⁻³⁵/, /wuː²¹ lou̯²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fù-lù
    • Hakka Romanization System: fuˇ luˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: fu² lu²
    • IPA: /fu¹¹ lu¹¹/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: hù-lù
    • IPA ^(key): /hu⁵³⁻³³ l̃u⁵³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hô͘-lô͘
    • Tâi-lô: hôo-lôo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: holoo
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hɔ²⁴⁻²² lɔ²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔ²⁴⁻²² lɔ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔ¹³⁻²² lɔ¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /hɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ lɔ²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔ²³⁻³³ lɔ²³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: hhu lu (T3)
    • IPA ^(key): /ɦv̩ʷ²² lv̩ʷ⁴⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: /ɦuo|huo  luo/▼

Rime
Character	葫	葫	蘆
Reading #	1/2	2/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)	曉 (32)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	模 (23)	模 (23)	模 (23)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I	I
Fanqie	戸吳切	荒烏切	落胡切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦuo/	/huo/	/luo/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦuo/	/huo/	/luo/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣo/	/xo/	/lo/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦɔ/	/hɔ/	/lɔ/
Li Rong	/ɣo/	/xo/	/lo/
Wang Li	/ɣu/	/xu/	/lu/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣuo/	/xuo/	/luo/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hú	hū	lú

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ˤa  C.rˤa/

  (Zhengzhang): /*qʰaː|ɡaː  raː/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	葫	蘆
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	hú	lú
Middle Chinese	‹ hu ›	‹ lu ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɡ]ˁa/	/*C.rˁa/
English	gourd	lúwěi 蘆葦 reed
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	葫	葫	蘆
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/2
No.	4244	4252	5203
Phonetic component	古	古	虍
Rime group	魚	魚	魚
Rime subdivision	0	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	呼	胡	盧
Old Chinese	/*qʰaː/	/*ɡaː/	/*raː/

Noun

葫蘆

1. (～瓜) bottle gourd; calabash

Derived terms

Derived terms from 葫蘆

不知葫蘆裡賣甚麼藥／不知葫芦里卖甚么药 亞腰葫蘆／亚腰葫芦 依本畫葫蘆／依本画葫芦 依樣畫葫蘆／依样画葫芦 (yīyànghuàhúlu) 依樣葫蘆／依样葫芦 依葫蘆畫瓢／依葫芦画瓢 倒地葫蘆／倒地葫芦 冰糖葫蘆／冰糖葫芦 (bīngtáng húlu) 包葫蘆頭／包葫芦头 墩葫蘆，摔馬杓／墩葫芦，摔马杓 實葫蘆／实葫芦 屁股震葫蘆／屁股震葫芦 悶葫蘆／闷葫芦 (mènhúlu) 打混葫蘆／打混葫芦 按著葫蘆摳子／按著葫芦抠子 提葫蘆／提葫芦 揜口葫蘆／揜口葫芦 搬倒葫蘆灑了油／搬倒葫芦洒了油 敦葫蘆，摔馬杓／敦葫芦，摔马杓

水葫蘆／水葫芦 (shuǐhúlú) 沒嘴葫蘆／没嘴葫芦 油葫蘆／油葫芦 (yóuhúlú) 火葫蘆／火葫芦 照葫蘆畫瓢／照葫芦画瓢 糖葫蘆／糖葫芦 (tánghúlu) 葫蘆兒／葫芦儿 (húlur) 葫蘆島／葫芦岛 (Húlúdǎo) 葫蘆提／葫芦提 葫蘆架／葫芦架 葫蘆科／葫芦科 葫蘆笙／葫芦笙 (húlúshēng) 葫蘆絲／葫芦丝 (húlusī) 葫蘆藤／葫芦藤 葫蘆裡賣的甚麼藥／葫芦里卖的甚么药 西葫蘆／西葫芦 (xīhúlu) 鋸了嘴的葫蘆／锯了嘴的葫芦 鋸嘴葫蘆／锯嘴葫芦 響葫蘆／响葫芦

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (葫蘆):

• → Japanese: 葫 (こ)蘆 (ろ) (koro)
• → Korean: 호로 (葫蘆, horo)
• → Vietnamese: hồ lô (葫蘆)

Others:

• → Mongolian: хулуу (huluu)

Etymology 2

			rush; reed; Phragmites communis
trad. (葫蘆)		葫	蘆
simp. (葫芦)		葫	芦
variant forms		夫佬 俘虜／俘虏

Phono-semantic matching of English full.

Pronunciation

• Cantonese (Jyutping): fu¹ lou^4-2, fu¹ lou⁴

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• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: fu¹ lou^4-2, fu¹ lou⁴
    • Yale: fū lóu, fū lòuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: fu¹ lou^4-2, fu¹ lou⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: fu¹ lou², fu¹ lou⁴
    • IPA ^(key): /fuː⁵⁵ lou̯²¹⁻³⁵/, /fuː⁵⁵ lou̯²¹/

Noun

葫蘆

1. (Cantonese, card games) full house

Synonyms

• 滿堂紅／满堂红 (mǎntánghóng)

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
葫	蘆
こ Hyōgaiji	ろ Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

Alternative forms

• 葫盧, 胡盧

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 葫蘆 (MC ɦuo|huo luo, literally “gourd + rushes, reeds”). Compare modern Min Nan reading hô͘-lô͘.

Pronunciation

• On’yomi: Kan’on
  • IPA^(key): [ko̞ɾo̞]

Noun

葫蘆 (hiragana ころ, rōmaji koro)

1. bottle gourd, calabash

Usage notes

This term koro appears to be quite rare. The term 瓢箪 (hyōtan) is used more commonly to mean gourd or calabash.