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单词 落ちる
释义

落ちる

Japanese

Kanji in this term

Grade: 3
kun’yomi

Alternative forms

  • (negative connotation, as when speaking of a person falling into vice) 堕ちる
  • 墜ちる

Etymology

/ot͡su//ot͡ʃiru/

From Old Japanese 落つ (otu, to fall), following 上二段活用 (kami nidan katsuyō, upper bigrade conjugation), from Proto-Japonic *ətu (to fall).

Via root ot-, cognate with 劣る (otoru, to fail, to lose; to be of lower rank, intransitive) and 落とす (otosu, to drop something, transitive). Additionally, cognate with Proto-Ryukyuan *ote (to fall).

First attested in the Kojiki of 712 CE.[1]

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) [òchíꜜrù] (Nakadaka – [2])[2][3]
  • IPA(key): [o̞t͡ɕiɾɯ̟ᵝ]
  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "落ちる"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)
落ちる[òchíꜜrù]
Imperative (命令形)落ちろ[òchíꜜrò]
Key constructions
Passive落ちられるちられ[òchíráréꜜrù]
Causative落ちさせるちさせ[òchísáséꜜrù]
Potential---
Volitional落ちようちよ[òchíyóꜜò]
Negative落ちないない[òchíꜜnàì]
Negative perfective落ちなかったなかった[òchíꜜnàkàttà]
Formal落ちますちま[òchímáꜜsù]
Perfective落ちたちた[óꜜchìtà]
Conjunctive落ちてちて[óꜜchìtè]
Hypothetical conditional落ちればれば[òchíꜜrèbà]

Verb

()ちる (ochiru) intransitive ichidan (stem () (ochi), past ()ちた (ochita))

Japanese verb pair
active落とす
mediopassive落ちる
  1. to fall
  2. (computing) to go down (as when a computer or application becomes unresponsive)
  3. (electrical engineering, of a circuit breaker) to trip
    ブレーカーが()ちた
    burēkā ga ochita
    the circuit breaker tripped
  4. (informal) to fail an examination
    Antonym: 受かる (ukaru)
  5. (Internet slang, chat, video games, etc., of a person) to leave; to sign off

Conjugation

Idioms

  • (さる)()から()ちる (saru mo ki kara ochiru): “even monkeys fall from trees” → even the experts make mistakes
  • ()うに()ちず(かた)るに()ちる (tō ni ochizu kataru ni ochiru)

Synonyms

  • (fall): () (furu), (らっ)()する (rakka suru)

Derived terms

  • (めし)() (meshiochi)

See also

  • (ころ) (korobu)
  • (くず)れる (kuzureru)
  • (らっ)() (rakka)

References

  1. 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. 2011, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Seventh Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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