落

落	U+843D, 落 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-843D

← 萼
[U+843C]

CJK Unified Ideographs

萾 →
[U+843E]

落	U+F918, 落 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F918

← 珞
[U+F917]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs

酪 →
[U+F919]

Translingual

Stroke order
Simplified Chinese and Japanese

Han character

落 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+9, 13 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 12 strokes in simplified Chinese and Japanese, cangjie input 廿水竹口 (TEHR), four-corner 4416₄, composition ⿱艹洛)

References

KangXi: page 1043, character 11
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31362
Dae Jaweon: page 1503, character 20
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3255, character 8
Unihan data for U+843D
Unihan data for U+F918

Chinese

trad.		落
simp. ^#		落

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (各) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
髂	*kʰraːɡs
路	*ɡ·raːɡs
輅	*ɡ·raːɡs
賂	*ɡ·raːɡs
虂	*ɡ·raːɡs
露	*ɡ·raːɡs
潞	*raːɡs
鷺	*raːɡs
璐	*raːɡs
簬	*raːɡs
簵	*ɡ·raːɡs
洛	*ɡ·raːɡ
駱	*ɡ·raːɡ
絡	*ɡ·raːɡ
酪	*ɡ·raːɡ
烙	*ɡ·raːɡ
雒	*ɡ·raːɡ
珞	*ɡ·raːɡ
硌	*ɡ·raːɡ
袼	ɡ·raːɡ, klaːɡ
笿	*ɡ·raːɡ
鉻	ɡ·raːɡ, kraːɡ
鮥	*ɡ·raːɡ
鵅	ɡ·raːɡ, kraːɡ
挌	ɡ·raːɡ, kraːɡ
落	*ɡ·raːɡ
各	*klaːɡ
胳	*klaːɡ
閣	*klaːɡ
格	klaːɡ, kraːɡ
擱	*klaːɡ
恪	*kʰlaːɡ
愙	*kʰaːɡ
貉	ɡlaːɡ, mɡraːɡ
狢	*ɡlaːɡ
佫	*ɡlaːɡ
略	*ɡ·raɡ
茖	*kraːɡ
骼	*kraːɡ
觡	*kraːɡ
蛒	*kraːɡ
敋	*kraːɡ
客	*kʰraːɡ
喀	*kʰraːɡ
揢	*kʰraːɡ
額	*ŋɡraːɡ
峉	*ŋɡraːɡ
頟	*ŋɡraːɡ
詻	*ŋɡraːɡ
垎	*ɡraːɡ
楁	*ɡraːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡ·raːɡ) : semantic 艹 + phonetic 洛 (OC *ɡ·raːɡ).

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(k/g)la-k/y/t (“to fall”) (STEDT, Schuessler, 2007):

within Sinitic, cognate to 露 (OC *ɡ·raːɡs) "dew", 下 (OC *ɡraːʔ, *ɡraːs, “down, below, to descend, to fall down”) , 陊 (OC *l'aːlʔ, *l'alʔ) "to collapse" and 阤 (OC *l'alʔ, *hljalʔ) "hillside, slope";

outsides Sinitic, cognate to Mizo tla ~ tlâk (“to fall”) and thla ~ thlâk (“to drop”), Burmese ကျ (kya., “to fall”) and ချ (hkya., “to drop”).

Schuessler attributes OC *r-, instead of expected **l-, to possible Austroasiatic influence: compare Khmer [script needed] (gra'ka, “be low, debased”) < [script needed] (-ra'ka, “to fall, below, cover from above”). However, Matisoff (2003) identifies several ST etyma which display TB *(C‑)l- vs. OC *(C‑)r‑ correspondence (e.g. *l(j)a(k/ŋ) (“good, beautiful”) → 良 (OC *raŋ), *g/m-liŋ (“neck”) → 領 (OC *reŋʔ), etc.) and TB *(C‑)r- vs. OC *(C‑)l‑ (e.g. *g-rjum (“salt”) → 鹽 (OC *ɡ·lam)); so irregularities in correspondence do not necessarily indicate foreign influences.

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): luò, lào, luō (luo⁴, lao⁴, luo¹)
(Zhuyin): ㄌㄨㄛˋ, ㄌㄠˋ, ㄌㄨㄛ
(Chengdu, SP): no²
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): lok⁶
(Taishan, Wiktionary): lok⁵, lok⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): lau / lo̍k
(Meixian, Guangdong): log⁶
Jin (Wiktionary): lueh⁴ / luah⁴ / lau³
Min Bei (KCR): lò̤
Min Dong (BUC): lŏ̤h
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): lo̍k / lak / lo̍h / lauh / lō͘ / làu / la̍uh
(Teochew, Peng'im): loh⁸ / laoh⁸ / lag⁴
Wu (Wiktionary): loq (T5)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: luò
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄛˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: luò
  - Wade–Giles: lo⁴
  - Yale: lwò
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: luoh
  - Palladius: ло (lo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lwɔ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: lào
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄠˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: lào
  - Wade–Giles: lao⁴
  - Yale: làu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: law
  - Palladius: лао (lao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɑʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: luō
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄛ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: luo
  - Wade–Giles: lo¹
  - Yale: lwō
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lhuo
  - Palladius: ло (lo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lwɔ⁵⁵/

Note:

luò - "drop, fall, settle";
lào - "go down";
luō - only used in 大大落落 (Mainland standard).

- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: no²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: lo
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /no²¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: lok⁶
  - Yale: lohk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: lok⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: log⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɔːk̚²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: lok⁵, lok⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɔk̚³²/, /lɔk̚²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lau / lo̍k
  - Hakka Romanization System: lau / log
  - Hagfa Pinyim: lau⁴ / log⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /lau̯⁵⁵/, /lok̚⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: log⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /lɔk̚⁵/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: lueh⁴ / luah⁴ / lau³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /luəʔ²/, /luaʔ²/, /lau⁴⁵/

Note:

lueh4 - literary;
luah4, lau3 - vernacular.

Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: lò̤
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɔ⁴²/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: lŏ̤h
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /l̃oʔ⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lo̍k
  - Tâi-lô: lo̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lok
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /lɔk̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /lɔk̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /lɔk̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lak
  - Tâi-lô: lak
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lag
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /lak̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /lak̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lo̍h
  - Tâi-lô: lo̍h
  - Phofsit Daibuun: loih
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /loʔ⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /loʔ¹²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /loʔ²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /lɤʔ⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lauh
  - Tâi-lô: lauh
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lauq
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /lauʔ³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /lauʔ⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lō͘
  - Tâi-lô: lōo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lo
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /lɔ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /lɔ²²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: làu
  - Tâi-lô: làu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: laux
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /lau⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /lau¹¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /lau²¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: la̍uh
  - Tâi-lô: la̍uh
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lauh
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /lauʔ⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /lauʔ¹²¹/

Note:

lo̍k - literary;
lak, lo̍h, lauh, lō͘, làu - vernacular;
la̍uh - possibly unrelated.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: loh⁸ / laoh⁸ / lag⁴
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lo̍h / la̍uh / lak
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /loʔ⁴/, /lauʔ⁴/, /lak̚²/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: loq (T5)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lʊʔ¹²/

Middle Chinese: /lɑk̚/

Rime
Character	落
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	唐 (103)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	盧各切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/lɑk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/lɑk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/lɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lak̚/
Li Rong	/lɑk̚/
Wang Li	/lɑk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/lɑk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	luò
Expected Cantonese Reflex	lok⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*kə.rˤak/
(Zhengzhang): /*ɡ·raːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	落
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	luò
Middle Chinese	‹ lak ›
Old Chinese	/*kə.rˁak/
English	fall (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	落
Reading #	1/1
No.	3880
Phonetic component	各
Rime group	鐸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	落
Old Chinese	/*ɡ·raːɡ/

Definitions

落

to fall; to drop
落淚／落泪 ― luòlèi ― to shed tears
隕石為什麼總是落在隕石坑裡？ [MSC, trad.]
陨石为什么总是落在陨石坑里？ [MSC, simp.]
Yǔnshí wèishénme zǒngshì luò zài yǔnshíkēng lǐ? [Pinyin]
Why do meteors always fall right into craters? (a joke question)
- 花落知多少 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]
  From: 689—740, 孟浩然 (Meng Hao Ran), 《春曉》 (“A Spring Day's Morning”)
  huā luò zhī duōshǎo [Pinyin]
  How many are the fallen flowers?
to go down; to descend
日落 ― rìluò ― sunset
潮水落了。 ― Cháoshuǐ luò le. ― The tide is low.
鳥兒落在樹枝上。／鸟儿落在树枝上。 ― Niǎo'ér luò zài shùzhī shàng. ― The bird lands on the branch
(Cantonese, Min Nan) to go down; to descend
落樓梯／落楼梯 [Cantonese] ― lok⁶ lau⁴ tai¹ [Jyutping] ― to go down the stairs
我落一落樓下。 [Cantonese, trad.]
我落一落楼下。 [Cantonese, simp.]
ngo⁵ lok⁶ jat¹ lok⁶ lau⁴ haa⁶. [Jyutping]
I will go downstairs for a while.
to lower
to decline
衰落 ― shuāiluò ― to decline; to go downhill
家道中落 ― jiādàozhōngluò ― the family fortunes has declined
to fall into
落水 ― luòshuǐ ― to fall into the water
- 誤落塵網中，一去三十年。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  误落尘网中，一去三十年。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Tao Yuanming, 歸園田居‧其一
  Wù luò chénwǎng zhōng, yī qù sānshí nián. [Pinyin]
  But by mistakes I fell in mundane snares, and thus was entangled for thirteen years.
to stop
落腳／落脚 ― luòjiǎo ― to stop over; to put up
話音未落／话音未落 ― huàyīn wèi luò ― before one has finished speaking
to leave behind; to write down
to lag behind; to fall behind
落選／落选 ― luòxuǎn ― to lose an election
落伍 ― luòwǔ ― to be behind the times
place where one stops
下落 ― xiàluò ― whereabouts
段落 ― duànluò ― paragraph
settlement
村落 ― cūnluò ― village
to fall onto
大權旁落／大权旁落 ― dàquánpángluò ― power has fallen into the hands of others
這個任務落到了我身上。 [MSC, trad.]
这个任务落到了我身上。 [MSC, simp.]
Zhège rènwù luò dào le wǒ shēnshàng. [Pinyin]
(please add an English translation of this example)
to get; to receive
落不是 ― làobùshi ― to get blamed
(Cantonese, Min Nan, Wu) to get off (a vehicle)
落船 [Guangzhou Cantonese] ― lok⁶ syun⁴ [Jyutping] ― to disembark from a boat
落車／落车 [Guangzhou Cantonese] ― lok⁶ ce¹ [Jyutping] ― to alight; to exit a car
落車／落车 [Hokkien] ― lo̍h-chhia [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― to alight; to exit a car
(Cantonese, Min Nan, Wu) to fall down; to rain or snow
啲雨一滴都未落佢已經喺度攞住把遮行。 [Cantonese, trad.]
啲雨一滴都未落佢已经喺度𫽋住把遮行。 [Cantonese, simp.]
di¹ jyu⁵ jat¹ dik¹ dou¹ mei⁶ lok⁶ keoi⁵ ji⁵ ging¹ hai² dou⁶ lo² zyu⁶ baa² ze¹ haang⁴. [Jyutping]
He had already started to carry an umbrella before the rain even began to fall.
(Cantonese, Min Nan) to add; to put in (to food)
落味精 [Cantonese] ― lok⁶ mei⁶ zing¹ [Jyutping] ― to add MSG
(Cantonese, Hokkien, Teochew) down [onto; to]
打落地下度 [Cantonese] ― daa² lok⁶ dei⁶ haa^6-2 dou⁶ [Jyutping] ― to hit something and cause it to fall to the ground
(Min Dong) Classifier for residences.
(Cantonese) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
佢睇落幾靚仔。 [Cantonese, trad.]
佢睇落几靓仔。 [Cantonese, simp.]
keoi⁵ tai² lok⁶ gei² leng³ zai². [Jyutping]
He seems to be quite handsome.
(Cantonese) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
做落先知原來咁難。 [Cantonese, trad.]
做落先知原来咁难。 [Cantonese, simp.]
zou⁶ lok⁶ sin¹ zi¹ jyun⁴ loi⁴ gam³ naan⁴. [Jyutping]
(please add an English translation of this example)

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 下 (“to go down; to descend”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		下
Mandarin	Beijing	下
	Taiwan	下
	Yantai (Muping)	下
	Jinan	下
	Wanrong	下
	Xi'an	下
	Yinchuan	下
	Xining	下
	Ürümqi	下
	Yangzhou	下
	Malaysia	下
	Singapore	下
Cantonese	Guangzhou	落
	Hong Kong	落
	Yangjiang	落
	Nanning	落
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	落
	Singapore (Guangfu)	落
Gan	Nanchang	下
Gan	Pingxiang	下
Hakka	Meixian	落
Jin	Taiyuan	下
Jin	Xinzhou	下
Min Bei	Jian'ou	下
Min Nan	Xiamen	落
	Quanzhou	落
	Zhangzhou	落
	Zhao'an	落
	Taipei	落 GT
	Penang (Hokkien)	落
	Singapore (Hokkien)	落
	Manila (Hokkien)	落
	Chaozhou	落
	Shantou	落
	Jieyang	落
	Singapore (Teochew)	落
	Wenchang	落
	Haikou	落
	Qionghai	落
	Singapore (Hainanese)	落
Wu	Hangzhou	下, 落
	Hangzhou (Yuhang)	落
	Wenzhou	落
	Jinhua	落
Note	GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)

Descendants

→ Ai-Cham: lau⁵
→ Thai: โละ (ló) (via Teochew loh⁸)
→ Vietnamese: lạc

Compounds

Derived terms from 落

一塊石頭落了地／一块石头落了地
一塊羊肉落在狗口裡／一块羊肉落在狗口里
一無下落／一无下落
一落
一落千丈
一落索
一錢不落虛空地／一钱不落虚空地
七上八落
七零八落
三上五落
三落
上窮碧落下黃泉／上穷碧落下黄泉
上落
下落
不上不落
不利落
不知下落
不落
不落人後／不落人后
不落俗套
不落屋
不落眼
不落空
不落窠臼
不著不落／不着不落
不零不落
中落
乾淨俐落／干净俐落
乾落／干落
乾落得／干落得
了落
人頭落地／人头落地
伏落
低落
俐落
倒冠落佩
停雲落月／停云落月
傒落
儘落尾／尽落尾
光明磊落
兔起鶻落／兔起鹘落
冷冷落落
冷落
凋落
出落
分落
刊落
利落
剋落／克落
剝落／剥落
剝落斑殘／剥落斑残
勞落／劳落
區落／区落
千村萬落／千村万落
半上落下
半落不合
半零不落
原子落塵／原子落尘
參前落後／参前落后
受冷落
吃排落
吊桶落在井裡／吊桶落在井里
同是天涯淪落人／同是天涯沦落人
名落孫山／名落孙山
告一段落
喪魂落魄／丧魂落魄
噹啷落地／当啷落地
四分五落
四紛五落／四纷五落
坍落
坐落
垂落
塵埃落定／尘埃落定
墜茵落溷／坠茵落溷
墜落／坠落
墟落
墮落／堕落
壁落
大大落落
大星殞落／大星殒落
大權旁落／大权旁落
大碑落
大落
大落落
大處落墨／大处落墨
大起大落
天落饅頭狗造化／天落馒头狗造化
天要落雨，娘要嫁人
失神落魄
失落
失落的一代
失魂落魄
奚落
女落子
孟嘉落帽
安家落戶／安家落户
家道中落
寥落
實落／实落
屯落
崩落
嶔崎歷落／嵚崎历落
嶔崎磊落／嵚崎磊落
平沙落雁
座落
廓落
廝落／厮落
強迫降落／强迫降落
得便宜是落便宜
從寬發落／从宽发落
從輕發落／从轻发落
徯落
心寒膽落／心寒胆落
心殞膽落／心殒胆落
心驚膽落／心惊胆落
忽起忽落
慣落／惯落
手起刀落
打了個落花流水／打了个落花流水
打落
打落水狗
打落牙齒和血吞／打落牙齿和血吞
扯落
抑塞磊落
拂落
拓落
拓落不羈／拓落不羁
拖人落水
振落
掉落
掐尖落鈔／掐尖落钞
掛落兒／挂落儿
搖搖落落／摇摇落落
搖落／摇落
摽落
撒落
撲落／扑落
擊落／击落
擯落／摈落
擺落／摆落
敗落／败落
散散落落
散落
數落／数落
斷落／断落
日不落國／日不落国
日落
日落大道
日落西山
星落雲散／星落云散
暴起暴落
曳落河
月落參橫／月落参横
月落星沉
月落烏啼／月落乌啼
有落兒／有落儿
有著落／有着落
朝榮暮落／朝荣暮落
木落
村落
東零西落／东零西落
果熟自落

架落
桑落
桑落酒
植物群落
樹高千丈，落葉歸根／树高千丈，落叶归根
欹嶔歷落／欹嵚历落
此起彼落
歷歷落落／历历落落
歷落／历落
殂落
殘頭落腳／残头落脚
段落
水落
水落歸槽／水落归槽
水落石出
沉落
沉魚落雁／沉鱼落雁
沒了落／没了落
沒落／没落
沒落兒／没落儿
沒落子／没落子
沒著沒落／没着没落
沒著落／没着落
沒顏落色／没颜落色
河落海乾／河落海干
泥菩薩落水／泥菩萨落水
活落圈
流水落花
流落
流落不偶
流落異鄉／流落异乡
流落街頭／流落街头
淪落／沦落
淪落人／沦落人
滑落
滴落
滾落／滚落
漏落
漲落／涨落
潑皮破落戶兒／泼皮破落户儿
濩落
濺落／溅落
灑落／洒落
熟落
牢落
珠落玉盤／珠落玉盘
瓜熟蒂落
瓠落
瓶落水
疏落
發落／发落
發蒙振落／发蒙振落
白落
直落
直落三
眼張失落／眼张失落
破丟不落／破丢不落
破落
破落戶／破落户
破零二落
碧落
碧落黃泉／碧落黄泉
磊磊落落
磊落
磊落不羈／磊落不羁
磊落軼蕩／磊落轶荡
秋風掃落葉／秋风扫落叶
秋風落葉／秋风落叶
稱鎚落井／称锤落井
空弦落雁
空梁落燕泥
空空落落
空落落
窮日落月／穷日落月
窮途落魄／穷途落魄
籬落／篱落
索落
羊肉落在狗嘴裡／羊肉落在狗嘴里
羊落虎口
群落
翦落
老落
聚落
聚落保存
聽候發落／听候发落
肚腸閣落裡邊／肚肠阁落里边
肥水不落外人田
脣腐齒落／唇腐齿落
脫落／脱落
膽落／胆落
自甘墮落／自甘堕落
自由落體運動／自由落体运动
芟落
菌落
落下
落不是
落不的
落了
落了灶
落井下石
落人口實／落人口实
落人笑柄
落伍
落作
落便宜
落保
落個直過兒／落个直过儿
落價／落价
落兒／落儿
落卷
落可便
落單／落单
落地
落地幫／落地帮
落地生根
落坎兒／落坎儿
落坐
落場／落场
落塵／落尘
落塵量／落尘量
落墨
落套
落子
落子館／落子馆
落孫山／落孙山
落寞
落寞寡歡／落寞寡欢
落實／落实
落局
落山風／落山风
落差
落帳／落帐
落帽孟嘉
落幕
落度
落彀
落後／落后
落後國家／落后国家
落得
落得河水不洗船
落忍
落成
落成典禮／落成典礼
落戶／落户
落手
落托
落拓
落拓不羈／落拓不羁
落敗／落败
落文
落日
落暉／落晖
落月屋梁
落末
落枕
落架
落梅風／落梅风
落榜
落槽
落款
落水
落水狗

落水狗上岸
落水管
落泊
落淚／落泪
落湯螃蟹／落汤螃蟹
落湯雞／落汤鸡
落潮
落炕
落照
落生
落白事
落盤／落盘
落石
落磐
落磯山／落矶山
落神
落禮兒／落礼儿
落空
落第
落筆／落笔
落筆點蠅／落笔点蝇
落籍
落紅／落红
落紙如飛／落纸如飞
落索
落網／落网
落翅仔
落背弓
落脈／落脉
落腮鬍／落腮胡
落腳／落脚
落腳貨／落脚货
落腳點／落脚点
落膽／落胆
落臺／落台
落色
落花
落花媒人
落花有意，流水無情／落花有意，流水无情
落花流水
落花生
落英
落草
落草為寇／落草为寇
落草為盜／落草为盗
落荒
落荒而走
落荒而逃
落莫
落落
落落大方
落落寡合
落落寡歡／落落寡欢
落落穆穆
落落難合／落落难合
落葉／落叶
落葉松／落叶松
落葉林／落叶林
落葉果樹／落叶果树
落葉樹／落叶树
落葉歸根／落叶归根
落葉知秋／落叶知秋
落著臉／落着脸
落葵
落蓐之身
落薄
落虧欠／落亏欠
落褒貶／落褒贬
落解
落解粥
落話／落话
落足
落路
落選／落选
落鄉／落乡
落鈔／落钞
落錢／落钱
落雁沉魚／落雁沉鱼
落難／落难
落雨
落雪
落雷
落霞
落題／落题
落馬／落马
落體／落体
落髮／落发
落魄
落魄不羈／落魄不羁
落鼻祖
葉落歸根／叶落归根
葉落歸秋／叶落归秋
葉落知秋／叶落知秋
葉落糞本／叶落粪本
著落／着落
蓮花落／莲花落
薄落
虎落平原
虎落平原被犬欺
虎落平陽被犬欺／虎落平阳被犬欺
衰落
角落
觸機落阱／触机落阱
訪落／访落
訴落／诉落
說落／说落
豁落
起落
起落架
趁勢落篷／趁势落篷
跌落
跟住落嚟
踳落
踹落
蹇落
輻射落塵／辐射落尘
遠遠落後／远远落后
遺落／遗落
遼落／辽落
避井落坑
避坑落井
部落
重落
重重落落
銀河落九天／银河落九天
銅落／铜落
錯落／错落
錯落有致／错落有致
鐵怕落爐，人怕落囤／铁怕落炉，人怕落囤
鐵落／铁落
開落／开落
閣落／阁落
闊落／阔落
關門落鎖／关门落锁
關門落閂／关门落闩
降落
降落傘／降落伞
院落
陬落
陷落
隕落／陨落
雞屎落塗，也有三寸煙／鸡屎落涂，也有三寸烟
零落
零落山丘
零零落落
靜落落／静落落
頹落／颓落
風在那裡起，雨在那裡落／风在那里起，雨在那里落
飄茵落溷／飘茵落溷
飄落／飘落
駁落／驳落
駒齒未落／驹齿未落
魂亡膽落／魂亡胆落
魚沉雁落／鱼沉雁落
鳳凰無寶處不落／凤凰无宝处不落
黃梅不落青梅落／黄梅不落青梅落
黃落／黄落
齒落舌鈍／齿落舌钝
齒落髮白／齿落发白
龍山落帽／龙山落帽
龍落子／龙落子

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): là (la⁴)
(Zhuyin): ㄌㄚˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): laai⁶, laai³
Jin (Wiktionary): la³
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): lo̍k / lak
(Teochew, Peng'im): loh⁸ / lag⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: là
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄚˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: là
  - Wade–Giles: la⁴
  - Yale: là
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lah
  - Palladius: ла (la)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lä⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: laai⁶, laai³
  - Yale: laaih, laai
  - Cantonese Pinyin: laai⁶, laai³
  - Guangdong Romanization: lai⁶, lai³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /laːi̯²²/, /laːi̯³³/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: la³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /la⁴⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lo̍k / lak
  - Tâi-lô: lo̍k / lak
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lok, lag
  - IPA (Xiamen): /lɔk̚⁴/, /lak̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /lɔk̚²⁴/, /lak̚⁵/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /lɔk̚¹²¹/, /lak̚³²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /lɔk̚⁴/, /lak̚³²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /lɔk̚⁴/, /lak̚³²/

Note:

lo̍k - literary;
lak - vernacular.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: loh⁸ / lag⁴
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lo̍h / lak
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /loʔ⁴/, /lak̚²/

Middle Chinese: /lɑk̚/

Rime
Character	落
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	唐 (103)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	盧各切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/lɑk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/lɑk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/lɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lak̚/
Li Rong	/lɑk̚/
Wang Li	/lɑk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/lɑk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	luò
Expected Cantonese Reflex	lok⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*kə.rˤak/
(Zhengzhang): /*ɡ·raːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	落
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	luò
Middle Chinese	‹ lak ›
Old Chinese	/*kə.rˁak/
English	fall (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	落
Reading #	1/1
No.	3880
Phonetic component	各
Rime group	鐸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	落
Old Chinese	/*ɡ·raːɡ/

Definitions

落

to fall behind
to leave out
to leave behind
我把鑰匙落在家裡了。 [MSC, trad.]
我把钥匙落在家里了。 [MSC, simp.]
Wǒ bǎ yàochí là zài jiālǐ le. [Pinyin]
I left my key at home.
佢又試賴低個女自己一個喺屋企。 [Cantonese, trad.]
佢又试赖低个女自己一个喺屋企。 [Cantonese, simp.]
keoi⁵ jau⁶ si³ laai⁶ dai¹ go³ neoi^5-2 zi⁶ gei² jat¹ go³ hai² uk¹ kei⁵. [Jyutping]
He has once again left his daughter behind at home alone by herself.

Compounds

丟三落四／丢三落四 (diūsānlàsì)

Japanese

Kanji

落

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

to fall
to leave behind
to drop
to come down

Readings

Go-on: らく (raku, Jōyō)
Kan-on: らく (raku, Jōyō)
Kun: おちる (ochiru, 落ちる, Jōyō); おとす (otosu, 落とす, Jōyō); さと (sato)
Nanori: おち (ochi)

Compounds

村(そん)落(らく) (sonraku, “village, hamlet”)
洒(しゃ)落(れ) (share, “joke”)
落(らく)伍(ご) (rakugo, “outcast, derelict”)
落(らく)城(じょう) (rakujō, “castle falldown by attacking”)
落(らく)葉(よう) (rakuyō, “leaves falling (mostly in Autumn)”)
落(らく)語(ご) (rakugo, “Japanese comic storytelling”)
落(らく)雪(せつ) (rakusetsu, “snow falling (to the ground from a roof or a cliff)”)
落(らっ)下(か) (rakka, “falling”)
部(ぶ)落(らく) (buraku)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 落 (MC lɑk̚). Recorded as Middle Korean 락〮 (lák) (Yale: lak) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource落 (eumhun 떨어질 락 (tteoreojil rak), South Korea 떨어질 낙 (tteoreojil nak))

Hanja form^? of 락/낙 (“fall”).

Compounds

급락 (急落, geumnak)
나락 (奈落, narak)
낙담 (落膽, nakdam)
낙뢰 (落雷, nangnoe)
낙마 (落馬, nangma)
낙서 (落書, nakseo)
낙선 (落選, nakseon)
낙엽 (落葉, nagyeop)
낙오 (落伍, nago)
낙제 (落第, nakje)
낙찰 (落札, nakchal)
낙태 (落胎, naktae)
낙하 (落下, nakha)
낙후 (落後, nakhu)
누락 (漏落, nurak)
몰락 (沒落, mollak)
부락 (部落, burak)
쇠락 (衰落, soerak)
영락 (零落, yeongnak)
추락 (墜落, churak)
타락 (墮落, tarak)
탈락 (脫落, tallak)
폭락 (暴落, pongnak)
하락 (下落, harak)
함락 (陷落, hamnak)
촌락 (村落, chollak, “hamlet; village”)
일단락 (一段落, ildallak)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Tày

Han character

落 (transliteration needed)

Nôm form of lảc.

References

Lục Văn Pảo; Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003), Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày]‎ (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học Xã hội

Vietnamese

Han character

落: Hán Nôm readings: lạc, lác, lát, nhác, rác, rạc, xạc

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

落

Translingual

Han character

References

Chinese

Glyph origin

Etymology

Pronunciation 1

Definitions

Synonyms

See also

Descendants

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Definitions

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

Readings

Compounds

See also

Korean

Etymology

Hanja

Compounds

References

Tày

Han character

References

Vietnamese

Han character