菡萏

菡萏

Chinese

		phonetic
trad. (菡萏)		菡	萏
simp. #(菡萏)		菡	萏

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): hàndàn

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄢˋ ㄉㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): haam⁵ daam⁶

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: hàndàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄢˋ ㄉㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: hàndàn
    • Wade–Giles: han⁴-tan⁴
    • Yale: hàn-dàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hanndann
    • Palladius: ханьдань (xanʹdanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xän⁵¹⁻⁵³ tän⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: haam⁵ daam⁶
    • Yale: háahm daahm
    • Cantonese Pinyin: haam⁵ daam⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: ham⁵ dam⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /haːm¹³ taːm²²/

---

• Middle Chinese: /ɦʌm^X  dʌm^X/

Rime
Character	菡	萏
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	覃 (159)	覃 (159)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	胡感切	徒感切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦʌmX/	/dʌmX/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦəmX/	/dəmX/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣɒmX/	/dɒmX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦəmX/	/dəmX/
Li Rong	/ɣᴀmX/	/dᴀmX/
Wang Li	/ɣɒmX/	/dɒmX/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣămX/	/dʱămX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hàn	dàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ham6	daam6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡuːmʔ  l'oːmʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	萏
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	dàn
Middle Chinese	‹ domX ›
Old Chinese	/*rˁomʔ/
English	菡萏 homX.domX lotus flower
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	菡	萏
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	4866	13539
Phonetic component	函	臽
Rime group	侵	談
Rime subdivision	3	3
Corresponding MC rime	頷	禫
Old Chinese	/*ɡuːmʔ/	/*l'oːmʔ/

Noun

菡萏

1. (literary) lotus (Nelumbo nucifera), especially one that has not blossomed

   • 彼澤之陂，有蒲菡萏。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     彼泽之陂，有蒲菡萏。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Bǐ zé zhī bēi, yǒu pú hàndàn. [Pinyin]

     By the shores of that marsh,
     There are rushes and lotus flowers.

Synonyms

edit

水芙蓉 (shuǐfúróng) 水芝 (shuǐzhī) (literary) 芙蓉 (fúróng) 芙蕖 (fúqú) (literary)

荷花 (héhuā) 藕花 (ǒuhuā) 蓮／莲 (lián) 蓮花／莲花 (liánhuā)