菖蒲

菖蒲

Chinese

		calamus	calamus
trad. (菖蒲)		菖	蒲
simp. #(菖蒲)		菖	蒲

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): chāngpú

  (Zhuyin): ㄔㄤ ㄆㄨˊ

  (Chengdu, SP): cang¹ pu²

• Cantonese (Jyutping): coeng¹ pou⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhông-phù
• Min Nan (POJ): chhiong-pô͘ / chhiang-pô͘

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: chāngpú
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄤ ㄆㄨˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: changpú
    • Wade–Giles: chʻang¹-pʻu²
    • Yale: chāng-pú
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: changpwu
    • Palladius: чанпу (čanpu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵⁵ pʰu³⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: cang¹ pu²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: cangpu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaŋ⁵⁵ pʰu²¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: coeng¹ pou⁴
    • Yale: chēung pòuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsoeng¹ pou⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: cêng¹ pou⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ʃʰœːŋ⁵⁵ pʰou̯²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhông-phù
    • Hakka Romanization System: cong´ puˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: cong¹ pu²
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰoŋ²⁴ pʰu¹¹/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiong-pô͘ / chhiang-pô͘
    • Tâi-lô: tshiong-pôo / tshiang-pôo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: chiongpoo, chiangpoo
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡ɕʰiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² pɔ²⁴/, /t͡ɕʰiaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² pɔ²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕʰiɔŋ³³ pɔ²⁴/, /t͡ɕʰiaŋ³³ pɔ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕʰiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² pɔ¹³/, /t͡ɕʰiaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² pɔ¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡ɕʰiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ pɔ²⁴/, /t͡ɕʰiaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ pɔ²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕʰiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ pɔ²³/, /t͡ɕʰiaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ pɔ²³/

Noun

菖蒲

1. Acorus calamus; sweet sedge; iris

---

Japanese

あやめ

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
菖	蒲
あやめ
Jinmeiyō	Jinmeiyō
jukujikun

Shift in meaning from 漢女 (ayame), a compound of 漢 (aya, “Chinese”, appears in ancient clan names referring to very early Chinese immigrants to Japan) +‎ 女 (me, “woman”), in reference to the earliest producers of textiles as a metaphor for the colorful patterns of the flowers.[1]

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) あやめ [àyámé] (Heiban – [0])[2]
• IPA^(key): [a̠ja̠me̞]

Noun

菖蒲(あやめ) • (ayame) 

1. iris (flower)
2. short for 菖蒲襲 (ayamegasane): a style of kimono layering consisting of a blue outer layer and a light pink inner layer, traditionally worn in the month of May
3. (archaic, poetic) the month of May
4. (card games) in hanafuda, the card representing the month of May

Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as アヤメ.

Proper noun

菖蒲(あやめ) • (Ayame) 

1. a female given name

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
菖	蒲
しょう Jinmeiyō	ぶ Jinmeiyō
on’yomi

/ɕaubu/ → /ɕɔːbu/ → /ɕoːbu/

From Middle Chinese 菖蒲 (MC t͡ɕʰɨɐŋ buo, literally “iris + bulrush, cattail; vine”).

Pronunciation

• On’yomi: Goon
• (Tokyo) しょ​ーぶ [shóꜜòbù] (Atamadaka – [1])[2]
• IPA^(key): [ɕo̞ːbɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

菖(しょう)蒲(ぶ) • (shōbu) ^{←しやうぶ (syaubu)?}

1. iris (flower)
2. (card games) in hanafuda, the card representing the month of May
3. short for 菖蒲襲 (shōbugasane): a style of kimono layering consisting of a blue outer layer and a light pink inner layer, traditionally worn in the month of May

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
菖	蒲
そう Jinmeiyō	ぶ Jinmeiyō
irregular

Shift in pronunciation from shōbu above.[1][2][3]

Pronunciation

• (Irregular reading)
• (Tokyo) そ​ーぶ [sóꜜòbù] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [so̞ːbɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

菖(そう)蒲(ぶ) • (sōbu) ^{←さうぶ (saubu)?}

1. iris (flower)
2. short for 菖蒲襲 (sōbugasane): a style of kimono layering consisting of a blue outer layer and a light pink inner layer, traditionally worn in the month of May

References

1. 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
3. 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN