莧

See also: 苋 and 萈

莧	U+83A7, 莧 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-83A7

← 莦
[U+83A6]

CJK Unified Ideographs

莨 →
[U+83A8]

Translingual

Han character

莧 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+7, 11 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 10 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 廿月山山 (TBUU), four-corner 4421₆, composition ⿱艹見)

Usage notes

This character contains the grass radical (艹) and is not to be confused with visually similar 萈 (U+8408) which contains the ram's horn component (⻀) and an additional 丶 stroke on the top right of 儿 below 目.

Derived characters

𦎽, 寛, 𪢯

Related characters

苋 (Simplified Chinese)

References

KangXi: page 1035, character 9
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31074
Dae Jaweon: page 1494, character 9
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3218, character 3
Unihan data for U+83A7

Chinese

trad.		莧
simp.		苋

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 莧
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (見) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
涀	ɡeːlʔ, kʰeːns, *ɡeːns
莧	*ɡreːns
粯	*ɡreːns
晛	ŋl'eːns, ɡeːnʔ
筧	*keːnʔ
絸	*keːnʔ
垷	keːnʔ, ɡeːnʔ
挸	*keːnʔ
見	keːns, ɡeːns
俔	kʰeːns, ɡeːnʔ
蜆	kʰeːns, qʰeːnʔ, *ɡeːnʔ
硯	ŋɡeːn, ŋɡeːns
峴	*ɡeːnʔ
哯	*ɡeːnʔ
睍	*ɡeːnʔ
現	*ɡeːns

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xiàn (xian⁴)
(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄢˋ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): jin⁶
(Taishan, Wiktionary): han⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): han
(Meixian, Guangdong): han⁴
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): hēng / hāng / hěng
(Teochew, Peng'im): hoin⁷ / hain⁷

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xiàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: siàn
  - Wade–Giles: hsien⁴
  - Yale: syàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiann
  - Palladius: сянь (sjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕjɛn⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: jin⁶
  - Yale: yihn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jin⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: yin⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiːn²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: han⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /han²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: han
  - Hakka Romanization System: han
  - Hagfa Pinyim: han⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /han⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: han⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /han⁵³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Taipei, Kaohsiung, Hsinchu, Sanxia, Taichung, Tainan, Yilan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hēng
  - Tâi-lô: hīng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: heng
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan): /hiɪŋ³³/
- (Hokkien: Taipei, Kinmen, Magong)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hāng
  - Tâi-lô: hāng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hang
  - IPA (Taipei): /haŋ³³/
  - IPA (Kinmen): /haŋ²²/
- (Hokkien: Lukang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hěng
  - Tâi-lô: hǐng
  - IPA (Lukang): /hiɪŋ³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: hoin⁷ / hain⁷
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hōiⁿ / hāiⁿ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hõĩ¹¹/, /hãĩ¹¹/

Note: hain7 - Jieyang.

Middle Chinese: /ɦˠɛn^H/

Rime
Character	莧
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	山 (73)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	侯襇切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦˠɛn^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦᵚæn^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣæn^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦəɨn^H/
Li Rong	/ɣɛn^H/
Wang Li	/ɣæn^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣăn^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	haan⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*ɡreːns/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	莧
Reading #	1/1
No.	6185
Phonetic component	見
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*ɡreːns/
Notes	見爾雅

Definitions

莧

edible amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor)

Compounds

莧菜／苋菜 (xiàncài)

野莧菜／野苋菜

馬齒莧／马齿苋 (mǎchǐxiàn)

Japanese

Kanji

莧

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

amaranth; amaranthus

Readings

Go-on: けん (ken); げん (gen)
Kan-on: かん (kan)
Kun: ひゆ (hiyu, 莧)

Compounds

犬莧(イヌビユ) (inubiyu): Amaranthus blitum
針莧(ハリビユ) (haribiyu): Amaranthus spinosus
滑莧(スベリヒユ) (suberihiyu): Portulaca oleracea

Korean

Hanja

莧 • (hyeon) (hangeul 현, revised hyeon, Yale hyen)

(비름): amaranth, amaranthus

Vietnamese

Han character

莧: Hán Nôm readings: hiện

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation