苛

苛

苛 U+82DB, 苛 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-82DB ← 苚 [U+82DA] CJK Unified Ideographs 苜 → [U+82DC]

Translingual

Han character

苛 (radical 140, 艸+5, 9 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 8 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 廿一弓口 (TMNR), four-corner 4462₁, composition ⿱艹可)

References

• KangXi: page 1022, character 33
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30785
• Dae Jaweon: page 1481, character 23
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3187, character 3
• Unihan data for U+82DB

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		苛

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (可) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
砢	*ɡ·raːlʔ
柯	*kaːl
菏	*kaːl, *ɡaːl
牁	*kaːl
滒	*kaːl
哥	*kaːl
歌	*kaːl
謌	*kaːl
鴚	*kaːl
哿	*kaːlʔ
舸	*kaːlʔ
笴	*kaːlʔ, *kaːnʔ
軻	*kʰaːl, *kʰaːlʔ, *kʰaːls
珂	*kʰaːl
可	*kʰaːlʔ
岢	*kʰaːlʔ
坷	*kʰaːlʔ, *kʰaːls
蚵	*kʰaːls, *ɡaːl
呵	*qʰaːl, *qʰaːls
訶	*qʰaːl
抲	*qʰaːl
荷	*qʰaːls, *ɡaːl, *ɡaːlʔ
何	*ɡaːl, *ɡaːlʔ
河	*ɡaːl
苛	*ɡaːl
魺	*ɡaːl
袔	*ɡaːls
阿	*qaːl
妸	*qaːl, *qaːlʔ
疴	*qaːl, *kʰraːls
鈳	*qaːl
娿	*qaːl, *qaːlʔ
痾	*qaːl
跒	*kʰraːlʔ
閜	*qʰraːlʔ

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): kē (ke¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄎㄜ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ho¹, ho⁴
• Min Nan (POJ): kho͘ / kho

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: kē
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄜ
    • Wade–Giles: k'o¹
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ke
    • IPA ^(key): /kʰɤ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: ho¹, ho⁴
    • Yale: hō, hòh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ho¹, ho⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: ho¹, ho⁴
    • IPA ^(key): /hɔː⁵⁵/, /hɔː²¹/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kho͘
    • Tâi-lô: khoo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qof
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰɔ³³/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kho
    • Tâi-lô: kho
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qoy
    • IPA (Taipei, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kʰo⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰɤ⁴⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: /ɦɑ/▼

Rime
Character	苛
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	歌 (94)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	胡歌切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦɑ/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦɑ/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣɑ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦa/
Li Rong	/ɣɑ/
Wang Li	/ɣɑ/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣɑ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hé

• Old Chinese▼

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡaːl/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	苛
Reading #	1/1
No.	7460
Phonetic component	可
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	何
Old Chinese	/*ɡaːl/

Definitions

苛

1. harsh; severe; exacting

Pronunciation 2

• Min Nan (POJ): khô

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• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khô
    • Tâi-lô: khô
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qooi
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰɤ²³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kʰo²⁴/

Definitions

苛

1. (Taiwan Min Nan) to put on airs; to give oneself airs
2. (Taiwan Min Nan) supercilious; arrogant; haughty; proud

Compounds

嚴苛／严苛 (yánkē) 煩苛／烦苛 苛俗 苛切 苛刻 (kēkè) 苛吏 (kēlì) 苛嚴／苛严 苛察 苛性 (kēxìng)

苛性鹼／苛性碱 (kēxìngjiǎn) 苛性鹽／苛性盐 苛慝 苛捐雜稅／苛捐杂税 (kējuānzáshuì) 苛政 (kēzhèng) 苛求 (kēqiú) 苛濫／苛滥 苛癢／苛痒

苛碎 苛禮／苛礼 苛細／苛细 苛薄 苛虐 苛責／苛责 (kēzé) 苛雜／苛杂 蠲苛

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Japanese

Kanji

苛

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

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Readings

• Go-on: が (ga)
• Kan-on: か (ka, Jōyō)
• Kun: こまかい (komakai); からい (karai, 苛い); いらだつ (iradatsu, 苛だつ)

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Korean

Hanja

苛 • (ga) (hangeul 가, revised ga, McCune–Reischauer ka, Yale ka)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.