芻豢

Chinese

		surname; cut grass; hay surname; cut grass; hay; straw; fodder	feed pigs and dogs; to rear
trad. (芻豢)		芻	豢
simp. (刍豢)		刍	豢

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): chúhuàn
(Zhuyin): ㄔㄨˊ ㄏㄨㄢˋ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: chúhuàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄨˊ ㄏㄨㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: chúhuàn
  - Wade–Giles: chʻu²-huan⁴
  - Yale: chú-hwàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chwuhuann
  - Palladius: чухуань (čuxuanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰu³⁵ xwän⁵¹/

Middle Chinese: /t͡ʃʰɨo ɦˠuan^H/

Rime
Character	芻	豢
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	初 (19)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	虞 (24)	刪 (70)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	III	II
Fanqie	測隅切	胡慣切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ʃʰɨo/	/ɦˠuan^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈ͡ʂʰio/	/ɦʷᵚan^H/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ʃʰio/	/ɣuɐn^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈ͡ʂʰuə̆/	/ɦwaɨn^H/
Li Rong	/t͡ʃʰio/	/ɣuan^H/
Wang Li	/t͡ʃʰĭu/	/ɣwan^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʈ͡ʂʰi̯u/	/ɣwan^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chū	huàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	co¹	waan⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*sʰro ɡroːns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	芻
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	chú
Middle Chinese	‹ tsrhju ›
Old Chinese	/*[tsʰ]ro/
English	grass for fuel or fodder
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	芻	豢
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	1607	7154
Phonetic component	芻	
Rime group	侯	元
Rime subdivision	0	3
Corresponding MC rime	芻	患
Old Chinese	/*sʰro/	/*ɡroːns/

Noun

芻豢

(literary) fodder (grass and grains as animal food)
- 是月也，乃命宰祝，循行犧牲，視全具，案芻豢，瞻肥瘠。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  是月也，乃命宰祝，循行牺牲，视全具，案刍豢，瞻肥瘠。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Book of Rites, c. 4^th – 2^nd century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Shì yuè yě, nǎi mìng zǎi zhù, xúnxìng xīshēng, shì quánjù, àn chúhuàn, zhān féijí. [Pinyin]
  In this month orders are given to the officers of slaughter and prayer to go round among the victims for sacrifice, seeing that they are entire and complete, examining their fodder and grain, [and] inspecting their condition as fat or thin.
(literary) livestock (domestic animal raised for food or as sacrificial victim)
(literary) meat (livestock flesh as food)
- 今則不然，厚作斂於百姓，以為美食芻豢，蒸炙魚鱉。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  今则不然，厚作敛于百姓，以为美食刍豢，蒸炙鱼鳖。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Mozi, c. 4^th century BCE, translated based on Y. P. Mei's version
  Jīn zé bùrán, hòu zuòliǎn yú bǎixìng, yǐwèi měishí chúhuàn, zhēngzhì yúbiē. [Pinyin]
  With the present rulers all is different. They would heavily tax the people in order to enjoy elaborately the different meats and fish and turtle cooked in various ways
- 故理義之悅我心，猶芻豢之悅我口。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  故理义之悦我心，犹刍豢之悦我口。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Gù lǐyì zhī yuè wǒxīn, yóu chúhuàn zhī yuè wǒkǒu. [Pinyin]
  Therefore the principles of our nature and the determinations of righteousness are agreeable to my mind, just as the flesh of grass and grain-fed animals is agreeable to my mouth.