芳

芳	U+82B3, 芳 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-82B3

← 芲
[U+82B2]

CJK Unified Ideographs

芴 →
[U+82B4]

芳	U+2F994, 芳 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F994

← 花
[U+2F993]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement

芽 →
[U+2F995]

Translingual

Han character

芳 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 廿卜竹尸 (TYHS), four-corner 4422₇, composition ⿱艹方)

References

KangXi: page 1021, character 2
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30736
Dae Jaweon: page 1479, character 3
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3184, character 6
Unihan data for U+82B3
Unihan data for U+2F994

Chinese

trad.		芳
simp. ^#		芳

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (方) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
縍	*paːŋ
榜	paːŋʔ, praːŋs, *braːŋ
蒡	paːŋʔ, braːŋ
牓	*paːŋʔ
螃	paːŋʔ, paːŋs, *baːŋ
搒	paːŋs, braːŋ
舫	paːŋs, paŋs
謗	*paːŋs
雱	*pʰaːŋ
磅	pʰaːŋ, pʰraːŋ
霶	*pʰaːŋ
滂	*pʰaːŋ
鎊	*pʰaːŋ
髈	pʰaːŋʔ, baːŋ
彷	baːŋ, pʰaŋʔ
趽	baːŋ, paŋ, *paŋs
房	baːŋ, baŋ
篣	baːŋ, braːŋ
騯	baːŋ, praːŋ, *braːŋ
傍	baːŋ, baːŋs
膀	*baːŋ
旁	*baːŋ
徬	*baːŋs
閍	*praːŋ
祊	*praːŋ
嗙	*praːŋ
方	paŋ, baŋ
汸	*paŋ
坊	paŋ, baŋ
邡	paŋ, pʰaŋs
枋	*paŋ
鈁	*paŋ
蚄	*paŋ
肪	paŋ, baŋ
鴋	paŋ, baŋ
牥	*paŋ
昉	*paŋʔ
瓬	*paŋʔ
放	paŋʔ, paŋs
倣	*paŋʔ
芳	*pʰaŋ
淓	*pʰaŋ
妨	pʰaŋ, pʰaŋs
紡	*pʰaŋʔ
仿	*pʰaŋʔ
髣	*pʰaŋʔ
鶭	*pʰaŋʔ
訪	*pʰaŋs
防	baŋ, baŋs
魴	*baŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *pʰaŋ) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 方 (OC *paŋ, *baŋ)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): fāng (fang¹)
(Zhuyin): ㄈㄤ
(Chengdu, SP): fang¹
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): fong¹
(Taishan, Wiktionary): fong¹
Gan (Wiktionary): fong¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): fông
(Meixian, Guangdong): fong¹
Jin (Wiktionary): fon¹
Min Bei (KCR): hó̤ng
Min Dong (BUC): huŏng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): phang / hong
(Teochew, Peng'im): pang¹ / huang¹
Wu (Wiktionary): faan (T1)
Xiang (Wiktionary): fan¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fāng
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄤ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fang
  - Wade–Giles: fang¹
  - Yale: fāng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fang
  - Palladius: фан (fan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɑŋ⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: fang¹
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: fang
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /faŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: fong¹
  - Yale: fōng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fong¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: fong¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɔːŋ⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: fong¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɔŋ³³/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: fong¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɔŋ⁴²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fông
  - Hakka Romanization System: fong´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fong¹
  - Sinological IPA: /foŋ²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: fong¹
  - Sinological IPA: /fɔŋ⁴⁴/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: fon¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /fɒ̃¹¹/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hó̤ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xɔŋ⁵⁴/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: huŏng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /huoŋ⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phang
  - Tâi-lô: phang
  - Phofsit Daibuun: phafng
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /pʰaŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /pʰaŋ³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hong
  - Tâi-lô: hong
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hofng
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /hɔŋ³³/

Note:

phang - vernacular;
hong - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: pang¹ / huang¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phang / huang
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰaŋ³³/, /huaŋ³³/

Note:

pang1 - vernacular;
huang1 - literary.

Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: faan (T1)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɑ̃⁵³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: fan¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɸan³³/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 芳
Mandarin	Beijing	/fɑŋ⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/faŋ⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/fɑŋ¹³/
	Jinan	/faŋ²¹³/
	Qingdao	/faŋ²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/faŋ⁴²/
	Xi'an	/faŋ⁵³/
	Xining	/fɔ̃⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/fɑŋ⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/fɑ̃³¹/
	Ürümqi	/fɑŋ⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/faŋ⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/faŋ⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/faŋ⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/fã̠⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/faŋ³¹/
	Hefei	/fɑ̃²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/fɒ̃¹¹/
	Pingyao	/xuɑŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/fɑ̃³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/fɑ̃⁵³/
	Suzhou	/fɑ̃⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/fɑŋ³³/
	Wenzhou	/huɔ³³/
Hui	Shexian	/fo³¹/
Hui	Tunxi	/fau¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/fan³³/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/hɔn³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/fɔŋ⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/foŋ⁴⁴/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/foŋ²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/fɔŋ⁵³/
	Nanning	/fɔŋ⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/fɔŋ⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/hɔŋ⁵⁵/ /pʰaŋ⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/huoŋ⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/xɔŋ⁵⁴/ /pɔŋ²⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/huaŋ³³/ /pʰaŋ³³/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/faŋ²³/

Middle Chinese: /pʰʉɐŋ/

Rime
Character	芳
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	滂 (2)
Final (韻)	陽 (106)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	敷方切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pʰʉɐŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/pʰʷiɐŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/pʰiuɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pʰuaŋ/
Li Rong	/pʰiuaŋ/
Wang Li	/pʰĭwaŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/pʰiwaŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fāng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fong¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[pʰ]aŋ/
(Zhengzhang): /*pʰaŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	芳
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	fāng
Middle Chinese	‹ phjang ›
Old Chinese	/*[pʰ]aŋ/
English	fragrant
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	芳
Reading #	1/1
No.	3041
Phonetic component	方
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	芳
Old Chinese	/*pʰaŋ/

Definitions

芳

fragrant; sweet-smelling
- 泉湧湍於石間兮，菊揚芳於崖澨。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  泉涌湍于石间兮，菊扬芳于崖澨。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: 3th century CE, Pan Yue, 秋興賦
  Quán yǒngtuān yú shí jiān xī, jú yáng fāng yú yáshì. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this example)
flowers; plants
good reputation or virtue
流芳百世 ― liúfāngbǎishì ― to leave a good name for many generations
(honorific) your
芳齡／芳龄 ― fānglíng ― age of a young woman or girl

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 香 (“fragrant”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		香, 芳, 馨, 馥
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		香
Mandarin	Beijing	香
	Taiwan	香
	Harbin	香
	Yantai (Muping)	香
	Jinan	香
	Luoyang	香
	Wanrong	香
	Xi'an	香
	Yinchuan	香
	Xining	香
	Ürümqi	香
	Wuhan	香
	Chengdu	香
	Guiyang	香
	Guilin	香
	Liuzhou	香
	Xuzhou	香
	Yangzhou	香
	Nanjing	香
	Hefei	香
	Malaysia	香
	Singapore	香
Cantonese	Guangzhou	香
	Hong Kong	香
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	香
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	香
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	香
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	香
	Macau	香
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	香
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	香
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	香
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	香
	Foshan	香
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	香
	Foshan (Shunde)	香
	Foshan (Sanshui)	香
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	香
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	香
	Zhuhai (Qianshan)	香
	Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)	香
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	香
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	香
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	香
	Taishan	香
	Kaiping (Chikan)	香
	Enping (Niujiang)	香
	Heshan (Yayao)	香
	Dongguan	香
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	香
	Qingyuan	香
	Fogang	香
	Yingde (Hanguang)	香
	Yangshan	香
	Lianshan (Butian)	香
	Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui)	香
	Shaoguan	香
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	香
	Renhua	香
	Lechang	香
	Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)	香
	Sihui	香
	Guangning	香
	Deqing	香
	Huaiji	香
	Fengkai (Nanfeng)	香
	Yunfu	香
	Xinxing	香
	Luoding	香
	Yunan (Pingtai)	香
	Yangjiang	香
	Xinyi	香
	Lianjiang	香
	Nanning	香
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	香
	Singapore (Guangfu)	香
Gan	Nanchang	香
	Lichuan	香
	Pingxiang	香
Hakka	Meixian	香
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	香
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	香
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	香
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	香
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	香
	Conghua (Lütian)	香
	Yudu	香
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	香
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	香
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	香
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	香
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	香
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	香
	Hong Kong	香
	Senai (Huiyang)	香
Huizhou	Jixi	香
Jin	Taiyuan	香
Jin	Xinzhou	香
Min Bei	Jian'ou	香
	Songxi	香
	Jianyang	香
Min Dong	Fuzhou	香
	Gutian	香
	Fu'an	香
	Zhouning	香
	Fuding	香
	Singapore (Fuqing)	香
Min Nan	Xiamen	芳
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	芳
	Quanzhou	芳
	Jinjiang	芳
	Anxi	芳
	Yongchun	芳
	Zhangzhou	芳
	Zhao'an	芳
	Dongshan	芳
	Taipei (Wanhua)	芳
	New Taipei (Tamsui)	芳
	New Taipei (Pingxi)	芳
	Kaohsiung	芳
	Yilan	芳
	Changhua (Lukang)	芳
	Taichung	芳
	Taichung (Wuqi)	芳
	Tainan	芳
	Taitung	芳
	Hsinchu	芳
	Penghu (Magong)	芳
	Penang (Hokkien)	芳
	Singapore (Hokkien)	芳
	Manila (Hokkien)	芳
	Longyan	芳
	Datian	芳
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	香
	Chaozhou	芳
	Shantou	芳
	Shantou (Chenghai)	芳
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	芳
	Jieyang	芳
	Haifeng	芳
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	芳
	Singapore (Teochew)	芳
	Leizhou	芳
	Wenchang	芳
	Haikou	芳
	Qionghai	芳
Puxian Min	Putian	芳
	Putian (Donghai)	芳
	Putian (Jiangkou)	芳
	Putian (Nanri)	芳
	Xianyou	芳
	Xianyou (Fengting)	芳
	Xianyou (Youyang)	芳
Min Zhong	Yong'an	香
Min Zhong	Shaxian	香
Zhongshan Min	Shaxi (Longdu)	香
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	香
Wu	Shanghai	香
	Shanghai (Chongming)	香
	Suzhou	香
	Danyang	香
	Hangzhou	香
	Wenzhou	香
	Jinhua	香
Xiang	Changsha	香
	Loudi	香
	Shuangfeng	香

Compounds

Derived terms from 芳

吐芳
孤芳
彤管流芳
春芳
流芳 (liúfāng)
流芳百世 (liúfāng bǎishì)
清芳 (“chheng-phang”) (Min Nan)
瑞芳 (Ruìfāng)
甘芳
留芳百世
百世流芳
群芳 (qúnfāng)
芬芳 (fēnfāng)
芳信
芳卿
芳名 (fāngmíng)
芳味 (fāngwèi)
芳序
芳心 (fāngxīn)
芳旨
芳春
芳札
芳林
芳洲
芳烈
芳猷

芳甸
芳苑 (Fāngyuàn)
芳苓
芳草 (fāngcǎo)
芳菲 (fāngfēi)
芳蕤
芳躅
芳辰
芳醴
芳香 (fāngxiāng)
芳馨
芳魂
芳魂已杳
菁芳草
青史流芳
一親芳澤／一亲芳泽
吐芳訊／吐芳讯
孤芳自賞／孤芳自赏 (gūfāngzìshǎng)
尋芳／寻芳 (xúnfāng)
尋芳問柳／寻芳问柳 (xúnfāngwènliǔ)
廣群芳譜／广群芳谱
桂馥蘭芳／桂馥兰芳
流芳後世／流芳后世
滿庭芳／满庭芳
群芳譜／群芳谱
芳儔／芳俦

芳塵／芳尘
芳樹／芳树
芳氣／芳气 (fāngqì)
芳澤／芳泽 (fāngzé)
芳華／芳华 (fānghuá)
芳菲節／芳菲节
芳藹／芳蔼
芳蘭／芳兰
芳蘭竟體／芳兰竟体
芳規／芳规
芳訊／芳讯
芳蹤／芳踪
芳鄰／芳邻 (fānglín)
芳鑒／芳鉴
芳風／芳风
芳餌／芳饵
芳香療法／芳香疗法 (fāngxiāng liáofǎ)
芳齡／芳龄 (fānglíng)
萬古流芳／万古流芳
萬古留芳／万古留芳
蘭桂騰芳／兰桂腾芳
蘭桂齊芳／兰桂齐芳
豔冠群芳／艳冠群芳
遺芳餘烈／遗芳余烈
鬥豔爭芳／斗艳争芳

References

“Entry #4443”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.

Japanese

Kanji

芳

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

fragrant; sweet-smelling
Synonym: 香
good reputation
satisfactory
(honorific) your

Readings

Go-on: ほう (hō, Jōyō)^{←はう (fau, historical)}
Kan-on: ほう (hō, Jōyō)^{←はう (fau, historical)}
Kun: かんばしい (kanbashii, 芳しい, Jōyō); かおり (kaori, 芳り)^{←かをり (kawori, historical)}; かぐわしい (kaguwashii, 芳しい)^{←かぐはしい (kagufasii, historical)}; こうばしい (kōbashii, 芳ばしい)^{←かうばしい (kaubasii, historical)}
Nanori: お (o); か (ka); かおり (kaori); かおる (kaoru); かんばし (kanbashi); は (ha); はな (hana); ふさ (fusa); ほ (ho); みち (michi); もと (moto); やす (yasu); よし (yoshi)

Compounds

芳(は)賀(が) (Haga)
芳(ほう)意(い) (hōi)
芳(ほう)韻(いん) (hōin)
芳(ほう)詠(えい) (hōei)
芳(ほう)園(えん) (hōen)
芳(ほう)苑(えん) (hōen)
芳(ほう)縁(えん) (hōen)
芳(ほう)艶(えん) (hōen)
芳(ほう)恩(おん) (hōon)
芳(ほう)華(か) (hōka)
芳(ほう)香(か) (hōka)
芳(ほう)翰(かん) (hōkan)
芳(ほう)簡(かん) (hōkan)
芳(ほう)顔(がん) (hōgan)
芳(ほう)気(き) (hōki)
芳(ほう)紀(き) (hōki)
芳(ほう)卉(き) (hōki)
芳(ほう)吟(ぎん) (hōgin)
芳(ほう)恵(けい) (hōkei)
芳(ほう)景(けい) (hōkei)
芳(ほう)馨(けい) (hōkei)
芳(ほう)香(こう) (hōkō)
芳(ほう)魂(こん) (hōkon)
芳(ほう)歳(さい) (hōsai)
芳(ほう)札(さつ) (hōsatsu)
芳(ほう)志(し) (hōshi)
芳(ほう)旨(し) (hōshi)
芳(ほう)姿(し) (hōshi)
芳(ほう)時(じ) (hōji)
芳(ほう)樹(じゅ) (hōju)
芳(ほう)春(しゅん) (hōshun)
芳(ほう)潤(じゅん) (hōjun)
芳(ほう)醇(じゅん) (hōjun)
芳(ほう)書(しょ) (hōsho)
芳(ほう)情(じょう) (hōjō)
芳(ほう)心(しん) (hōshin)
芳(ほう)信(しん) (hōshin)
芳(ほう)辰(しん) (hōshin)
芳(ほう)声(せい) (hōsei)
芳(ほう)鮮(せん) (hōsen)
芳(ほう)草(そう) (hōsō)
芳(ほう)叢(そう) (hōsō)
芳(ほう)樽(そん), 芳(ほう)尊(そん) (hōson)
芳(ほう)躅(たく) (hōtaku)
芳(ほう)牘(とく) (hōtoku)
芳(ほう)年(ねん) (hōnen)
芳(ほう)念(ねん) (hōnen)
芳(ほう)飯(はん) (hōhan) (苞(ほう)飯(はん))
芳(ほう)菲(ひ) (hōhi)
芳(ほう)馥(ふく) (hōfuku)
芳(ほう)芬(ふん) (hōfun)
芳(ほう)墨(ぼく) (hōboku)
芳(ほう)名(めい) (hōmei)
芳(ほう)命(めい) (hōmei)
芳(ほう)茗(めい) (hōmei)
芳(ほう)容(よう) (hōyō)
芳(ほう)蘭(らん) (hōran)
芳(ほう)慮(りょ) (hōryo)
芳(ほう)齢(れい) (hōrei)
芳(ほう)醴(れい) (hōrei)
芳(ほう)烈(れつ) (hōretsu)
芳(ほう)醪(ろう) (hōrō)
遺(い)芳(ほう) (ihō)
群(ぐん)芳(ぽう) (gunpō)
紅(こう)芳(ほう) (kōhō)
香(こう)芳(ほう) (kōhō)
孤(こ)芳(ほう) (kohō)
残(ざん)芳(ほう) (zanhō)
秋(しゅう)芳(ほう) (shūhō)
衆(しゅう)芳(ほう) (shūhō)
春(しゅん)芳(ぽう) (shunpō)
蘇(す)芳(おう) (suō) (蘇(す)枋(おう), 蘇(す)方(おう))
叢(そう)芳(ほう) (sōhō)
年(ねん)芳(ぽう) (nenpō)
芬(ふん)芳(ぽう) (funpō)
野(や)芳(ほう) (yahō)
幽(ゆう)芳(ほう) (yūhō)
余(よ)芳(ほう) (yohō)
蘭(らん)芳(ほう) (ranhō)
流(りゅう)芳(ほう) (ryūhō)

Korean

Hanja

芳 (eumhun 꽃다울 방 (kkotdaul bang))

Hanja form^? of 방 (“fragrant”).
Hanja form^? of 방 (“virtuous”).
Hanja form^? of 방 (“beautiful”).

Vietnamese

Han character

芳: Hán Nôm readings: phương, phưng (phức)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.