艱
See also: 艰
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Translingual
Han character
艱 (Kangxi radical 138, 艮+11, 17 strokes, cangjie input 廿人日女 (TOAV), four-corner 47532, composition ⿰𦰩艮)
References
- KangXi: page 1013, character 29
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30600
- Dae Jaweon: page 1473, character 2
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3171, character 5
- Unihan data for U+8271
Chinese
trad. | 艱 | |
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simp. | 艰 | |
alternative forms | 𦫒 囏 𡆒 𡿤 |
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (艮) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Old Chinese | |
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艱 | *krɯːn |
齦 | *kʰrɯːnʔ, *kʰɯːnʔ, *ŋɯn |
眼 | *ŋrɯːnʔ |
蛝 | *ɡrɯːn |
限 | *ɡrɯːnʔ |
硍 | *ɡrɯːnʔ |
豤 | *kʰɯːnʔ, *kʰɯːnʔ, *kʰuːn |
詪 | *ɡlɯːnʔ, *kɯːnʔ, *kɯːns |
根 | *kɯːn |
跟 | *kɯːn |
珢 | *kɯːn, *kɯːns, *ŋrɯn |
艮 | *kɯːns |
茛 | *kɯːns |
墾 | *kʰɯːnʔ |
懇 | *kʰɯːnʔ |
垠 | *ŋɯːn, *ŋrɯn, *ŋɯn |
泿 | *ŋɯːn, *ŋrɯn |
痕 | *ɡɯːn |
拫 | *ɡɯːn |
鞎 | *ɡɯːn |
很 | *ɡɯːnʔ |
恨 | *ɡɯːns |
銀 | *ŋrɯn |
檭 | *ŋrɯn |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *krɯːn) : semantic 𦰩 + phonetic 艮 (OC *kɯːns).
Pronunciation
Definitions
艱
- difficult; hard
- † hardship; suffering
- † disaster
- † dangerous
- † parent's death
Compounds
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References
- “艱”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
Kanji
艱
(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)
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Readings
- Go-on: けん (ken)
- Kan-on: かん (kan)
- Kun: なやむ (nayamu, 艱む); かたい (katai, 艱い); なやみ (nayami)
Korean
Hanja
艱 • (gan) (hangeul 간, revised gan, McCune–Reischauer kan, Yale kan)
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Vietnamese
Han character
艱: Hán Nôm readings: gian
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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