興亡

興亡

See also: 兴亡

Chinese

		interest; flourish; it is the fashion to interest; flourish; it is the fashion to; to become popular	to die; to perish
trad. (興亡)		興	亡
simp. (兴亡)		兴	亡

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xīngwáng

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄥ ㄨㄤˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hing¹ mong⁴
• Min Nan (POJ): heng-bông

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xīngwáng
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄥ ㄨㄤˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: singwáng
    • Wade–Giles: hsing¹-wang²
    • Yale: syīng-wáng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shingwang
    • Palladius: синван (sinvan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕiŋ⁵⁵ wɑŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: hing¹ mong⁴
    • Yale: hīng mòhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hing¹ mong⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: hing¹ mong⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɪŋ⁵⁵ mɔːŋ²¹/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: heng-bông
    • Tâi-lô: hing-bông
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hengboong
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hiɪŋ³³ bɔŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² bɔŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² bɔŋ¹³/

---

• Middle Chinese: /hɨŋ  mʉɐŋ/

Rime
Character	興	亡
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	蒸 (133)	陽 (106)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	虚陵切	武方切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hɨŋ/	/mʉɐŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/hɨŋ/	/mʷiɐŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/xieŋ/	/miuɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/hiŋ/	/muaŋ/
Li Rong	/xiəŋ/	/miuaŋ/
Wang Li	/xĭəŋ/	/mĭwaŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/xi̯əŋ/	/miwaŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xīng	wáng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hing1	mong4

Verb

興亡

1. (of a state, empire, etc.) to rise and fall

   • 夫觀乎人文以化成天下，觀乎國風以察興亡。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
     夫观乎人文以化成天下，观乎国风以察兴亡。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]

     From: Liu Zhiji, Shitong, circa 708 – 710 CE

     Fū guān hū rénwén yǐ huàchéng tiānxià, guān hū guófēng yǐ chá xìngwáng. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this example)

   • 同學們，大家起來 / 擔負起天下的興亡 [MSC, trad.]
     同学们，大家起来 / 担负起天下的兴亡 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 1934, Tian Han (lyrics), Nie Er (music), 《畢業歌》

     tóngxuémen, dàjiā qǐlái  /  dānfù qǐ tiānxià de xìngwáng [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this example)

2. (Classical Chinese) to become feeble and die; to decline and fall; to wither away

Synonyms

• (to become feeble and die): 衰亡 (shuāiwáng)

Derived terms

天下興亡，匹夫有責／天下兴亡，匹夫有责 (tiānxià xīngwáng, pǐfū yǒuzé)