自勉
Chinese
from; self; oneself from; self; oneself; since | exhort | ||
---|---|---|---|
simp. and trad. (自勉) | 自 | 勉 |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Pinyin): zìmiǎn
- (Zhuyin): ㄗˋ ㄇㄧㄢˇ
- Cantonese (Jyutping): zi6 min5
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Pinyin: zìmiǎn
- Zhuyin: ㄗˋ ㄇㄧㄢˇ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzyhmean
- IPA (key): /t͡sz̩⁵¹ mi̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: zi6 min5
- Yale: jih míhn
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzi6 min5
- Guangdong Romanization: ji6 min5
- IPA (key): /t͡siː²² miːn¹³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Middle Chinese: /d͡ziɪH mˠiᴇnX/▼
Rime | ||
---|---|---|
Character | 自 | 勉 |
Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
Initial (聲) | 從 (15) | 明 (4) |
Final (韻) | 脂 (15) | 仙 (79) |
Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Rising (X) |
Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
Division (等) | III | Chongniu III |
Fanqie | 疾二切 | 亡辨切 |
Reconstructions | ||
Zhengzhang Shangfang | /d͡ziɪH/ | /mˠiᴇnX/ |
Pan Wuyun | /d͡ziH/ | /mᵚiɛnX/ |
Shao Rongfen | /d͡zjɪH/ | /miænX/ |
Edwin Pulleyblank | /d͡ziH/ | /mianX/ |
Li Rong | /d͡ziH/ | /mjɛnX/ |
Wang Li | /d͡ziH/ | /mĭɛnX/ |
Bernard Karlgren | /d͡zʱiH/ | /mi̯ɛnX/ |
Expected Mandarin Reflex | zì | miǎn |
- Old Chinese▼
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*s.[b]i[t]-s mr[o][r]ʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɦljids mronʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
---|---|---|
Character | 自 | 勉 |
Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zì | miǎn |
Middle Chinese | ‹ dzijH › | ‹ mjenX › |
Old Chinese | /*s.[b]i[t]-s/ | /*mr[o][r]ʔ/ |
English | self (adv.) | make an effort |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; |
Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
---|---|---|
Character | 自 | 勉 |
Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
No. | 17879 | 9068 |
Phonetic component | 自 | 免 |
Rime group | 至 | 元 |
Rime subdivision | 1 | 3 |
Corresponding MC rime | 自 | 免 |
Old Chinese | /*ɦljids/ | /*mronʔ/ |
Verb
自勉
- to encourage oneself