腺

腺

腺 U+817A, 腺 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-817A ← 腹 [U+8179] CJK Unified Ideographs 腻 → [U+817B]

Translingual

Han character

腺 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 月竹日水 (BHAE), four-corner 7623₂, composition ⿰⺼泉)

Further reading

• KangXi: not present, would follow page 990, character 13
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29746
• Dae Jaweon: page 1442, character 15
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2097, character 5
• Unihan data for U+817A

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Chinese

trad.		腺
simp. #		腺

Glyph origin

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 腺(せん) (sen).

Etymology

Spelling pronunciation, as 線／线 (xiàn).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xiàn (xian⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): sin³
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sien
• Min Nan (POJ): sòaⁿ / siàn / sàn

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xiàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: siàn
    • Wade–Giles: hsien⁴
    • Yale: syàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiann
    • Palladius: сянь (sjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕjɛn⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: sin³
    • Yale: sin
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sin³
    • Guangdong Romanization: xin³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siːn³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sien
    • Hakka Romanization System: xien
    • Hagfa Pinyim: xian⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /ɕi̯en⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sòaⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: suànn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: svoax
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /suã²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /suã¹¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /suã⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siàn
    • Tâi-lô: siàn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: siexn
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ɕiɛn⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /ɕiɛn²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /ɕiɛn¹¹/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sàn
    • Tâi-lô: sàn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: saxn
    • IPA (Taipei): /san¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /san²¹/

Note:

• siàn - literary;
• sòaⁿ - vernacular.

Definitions

腺

1. (anatomy) gland

Compounds

乳腺 (rǔxiàn) 乳腺炎 (rǔxiànyán) 前列腺 (qiánlièxiàn) 前庭大腺 (qiántíngdàxiàn, “Bartholin's gland”) 前庭小腺 (qiántíngxiǎoxiàn, “Skene's gland”) 唾液腺 (tuòyèxiàn) 唾腺 (tuòxiàn) 外分泌腺 尿道球腺 (niàodàoqiúxiàn, “bulbourethral gland”) 性腺 (xìngxiàn) 扁桃腺 (biǎntáoxiàn, “tonsil”) 扁桃腺炎 (biǎntáoxiàn yán) 毒腺 (dúxiàn) 汗腺 (hànxiàn) 消化腺 (xiāohuàxiàn) 淋巴腺

生殖腺 (shēngzhíxiàn) 皮脂腺 (pízhīxiàn) 耳下腺 (ěrxiàxiàn) 胃腺 (wèixiàn) 胸腺 (xiōngxiàn) 脂肪腺 腮腺 (sāixiàn) 腮腺炎 (sāixiànyán) 腺嘌呤 (xiànpiàolìng, “adenine”) 腺病毒 (xiànbìngdú) 臭腺 舌下腺 (shéxiàxiàn) 蜜腺 內分泌腺／内分泌腺 攝護腺／摄护腺 (shèhùxiàn) 淚腺／泪腺 (lèixiàn)

無管腺／无管腺 甲狀腺／甲状腺 (jiǎzhuàngxiàn) 甲狀腺素／甲状腺素 (jiǎzhuàngxiànsù) 甲狀腺腫／甲状腺肿 (jiǎzhuàngxiànzhǒng) 瞼腺炎／睑腺炎 耵聹腺／耵聍腺 (tīngníngxiàn) 腎上腺／肾上腺 (shènshàngxiàn) 腎上腺素／肾上腺素 (shènshàngxiànsù) 腦上腺／脑上腺 腦下腺／脑下腺 腸腺／肠腺 腺細胞／腺细胞 腺體／腺体 (xiàntǐ, “gland”) 頜下腺／颌下腺 (héxiàxiàn) 頷下腺／颔下腺 顎下腺／颚下腺

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Japanese

Glyph origin

A 国字 (kokuji, “Japanese-coined character”) coined by Japanese rangaku scholar Udagawa Genshin in the late 1700s–early 1800s as a translation for Dutch klier (“gland”), as an ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : ⺼ (“flesh; body”) + 泉 (“spring; fountain; source; producer of liquid”), together expressing the idea “part of the body that produces liquid secretions”.

Kanji

腺

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. gland

Readings

• Kan’yō-on: せん (sen, Jōyō)

Compounds

Compounds

• 腺状(せんじょう) (senjō): glandular
• 甲状腺(こうじょうせん) (kōjōsen): thyroid gland
• 管状腺(かんじょうせん) (kanjōsen): tubular gland
• 涙腺(るいせん) (ruisen): lacrimal gland
• 耳下腺(じかせん) (jikasen): parotid gland
• 顎下腺(がっかせん) (gakkasen): submaxillary gland
• 舌下腺(ぜっかせん) (zekkasen): sublingual gland
• 唾液腺(だえきせん) (daekisen): salivary gland
• 扁桃腺(へんとうせん) (hentōsen): tonsil
• 前立腺(ぜんりつせん) (zenritsusen): prostate gland
• 尿道球腺(にょうどうきゅうせん) (nyōdōkyūsen): bulbourethral gland
• カウパー腺(せん) (kaupāsen): bulbourethral gland
• スキーン腺(せん) (sukīnsen): Skene's gland
• 小前庭腺(しょうぜんていせん) (shōzenteisen): Skene's gland
• 傍尿道腺(ぼうにょうどうせん) (bōnyōdōsen): Skene's gland
• バルトリン腺(せん) (barutorinsen): Bartholin's gland
• 大前庭腺(だいぜんていせん) (daizenteisen): Bartholin's gland
• 汗腺(かんせん) (kansen): sweat gland
• 皮脂腺(ひしせん) (hishisen): sebaceous gland
• 性腺(せいせん) (seisen): sex gland
• 毒腺(どくせん) (dokusen): venom gland

Etymology

Kanji in this term
腺
せん Grade: S
kan’yōon

See Glyph origin above. The reading sen is based on the kan'on of the 泉 base.

Pronunciation

• Kan’yōyomi
• (Tokyo) せ​ん [séꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
• IPA^(key): [sẽ̞ɴ]

Noun

腺(せん) • (sen) 

1. (anatomy) gland

Descendants

• → Chinese: 腺
• → Korean: 선(腺) (seon)
• → Vietnamese: tuyến

References

1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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Korean

Etymology

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 腺(せん) (sen).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [sʰʌ̹n]
• Phonetic hangul: [선]

Hanja

Wikisource腺 (eumhun 샘 선 (saem seon))

1. Hanja form^? of 선 (“(anatomy) gland”).

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

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Vietnamese

Han character

腺: Hán Việt readings: tuyến

1. gland