腕

腕	U+8155, 腕 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8155

← 腔
[U+8154]

CJK Unified Ideographs

腖 →
[U+8156]

Translingual

Han character

腕 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 月十弓山 (BJNU), four-corner 7321₂, composition ⿰月宛)

Related characters

碗婉

References

KangXi: page 987, character 11

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29631

Dae Jaweon: page 1440, character 1

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2092, character 4

Unihan data for U+8155

Chinese

trad.		腕
simp. ^#		腕
alternative forms		掔 ancient

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (夗) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
涴	qoːls, qoːn, *qonʔ
埦	*qoːn
豌	*qoːn
剜	*qoːn
眢	qoːn, qon
蜿	qoːn, qon, *qonʔ
帵	*qoːn
碗	*qoːnʔ
椀	*qoːnʔ
盌	*qoːnʔ
腕	*qoːns
惋	*qoːns
捥	*qoːns
睕	qoːns, qonʔ, *qoːd
琬	qoːns, qonʔ
鴛	quːn, qon
鵷	*qon
惌	qon, qonʔ
宛	qon, qonʔ
怨	qon, qons
葾	*qon
夗	*qonʔ
婉	*qonʔ
菀	qonʔ, qud
苑	qonʔ, qons
踠	*qonʔ
畹	qonʔ, qons
倇	*qonʔ
晼	*qonʔ
黦	qod, qod, *qud
焥	*qoːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *qoːns) : semantic ⺼ (“meat, body part”) + phonetic 宛 (OC *qon, *qonʔ) – a part of the body.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): wàn (wan⁴)
(Zhuyin): ㄨㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): wun²
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): vón
Jin (Wiktionary): van³
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): óaⁿ / oán
(Teochew, Peng'im): uang²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄨㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wàn
  - Wade–Giles: wan⁴
  - Yale: wàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wann
  - Palladius: вань (vanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wän⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: wun²
  - Yale: wún
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wun²
  - Guangdong Romanization: wun²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wuːn³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: vón
  - Hakka Romanization System: von`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: von³
  - Sinological IPA: /von³¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: van³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /væ̃⁴⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: óaⁿ / oán
  - Tâi-lô: uánn / uán
  - Phofsit Daibuun: voar, oarn
  - IPA (Xiamen): /uã⁵³/, /uan⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /uã⁵⁵⁴/, /uan⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /uã⁵³/, /uan⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /uã⁵³/, /uan⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /uã⁴¹/, /uan⁴¹/

Note:

óaⁿ - vernacular;
oán - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: uang²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: uáng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /uaŋ⁵²/

Middle Chinese: /ʔuɑn^H/

Rime
Character	腕
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	桓 (62)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	烏貫切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔuɑn^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔʷɑn^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔuɑn^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔwan^H/
Li Rong	/ʔuɑn^H/
Wang Li	/uɑn^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔuɑn^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wun³

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*qoːns/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	腕
Reading #	1/1
No.	16275
Phonetic component	夗
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	惋
Old Chinese	/*qoːns/

Definitions

腕

wrist
arm (of invertebrates)

Compounds

令人扼腕
偏袒扼腕
偏袒搤腕
手腕 (shǒuwàn)
扼腕 (èwàn)
提腕
搤腕
攘袂扼腕
枕腕

皓腕 (hàowàn)
耍手腕 (shuǎ shǒuwàn)
肐膊腕子
腕子 (wànzi)
腕法
腕足
腕隧道症
腕骨 (wàngǔ)
腿腕子 (tuǐwànzi)

壯士斷腕／壮士断腕 (zhuàngshìduànwàn)
壯士解腕／壮士解腕
懸腕／悬腕
腕釧／腕钏
腳腕子／脚腕子 (jiǎowànzi)
迴腕／回腕
運腕／运腕
鐵腕／铁腕 (tiěwàn)

Japanese

Kanji

腕

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

arm
ability
talent

Readings

Go-on: わん (wan, Jōyō)
Kan-on: わん (wan, Jōyō)
Kun: うで (ude, 腕, Jōyō); かいな (kaina, 腕)

Compounds

腕(うで)輪(わ) (udewa, “bracelet”)
腕(わん)白(ぱく) (wanpaku, “naughty”)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
腕
うで Grade: S
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

Kun’yomi

(Tokyo) うで [ùdéꜜ] (Odaka – [2])[1][2][3]
IPA^(key): [ɯ̟ᵝde̞]

Noun

腕(うで) • (ude) (counter 本)

(anatomy) arm
- 2006 December 9, Sorachi, Hideaki, “第(だい)百十九訓(くん)　四人(にん)揃(そろ)えばいろんな知(ち)恵(え) [Lesson 119: Four Heads Are Better Than One]”, in 銀(ぎん)魂(たま) [Silver Soul], volume 14 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:
  ……腕(うで)がなんで二本(ほん)あるかしってるか　それはな
  ……Ude ga nan de ni-hon aru ka shitteru ka Sore wa na
  ……Do you know why we have two hands? For situations like this
  早(はや)まるな万事(よろず)屋(や)‼希(き)望(ぼう)を捨(す)てるな
  Hayamaru na yorozuya‼ Kibō o suteru na
  Hang in there, do-it-all guy‼ Don’t give up hope just yet
ability; skill; talent

Etymology 2

From an original form kapina, reduced first to kaɸina, then kawina, then kaina.

Pronunciation

Kun’yomi

(Tokyo) かいな [káꜜìnà] (Atamadaka – [1])[1][2][3]
(Tokyo) かいな [kàíná] (Heiban – [0])[1][2][3]
IPA^(key): [ka̠ina̠]

Noun

腕(かいな) • (kaina) ^{←かひな (kafina)^?}

arm

Noun

腕(ただむき) • (tadamuki)

arm

References

2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
1974, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Second Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 腕 (MC ʔuɑn^H).

Historical readings
Recorded as Middle Korean ᅙᅪᆫ〮 (Yale: qwán) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448. Recorded as Middle Korean 완〯 (wǎn) (Yale: wǎn) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [wa̠(ː)n]
Phonetic hangul: [완(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Wikisource腕 (eumhun 팔 완 (pal wan))

Hanja form^? of 완 (“arm; wrist”).

Compounds

완장 (腕章, wanjang)
촉완 (觸腕, chogwan)
완력 (腕力, wallyeok)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

腕: Hán Nôm readings: oản, uyển

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

[DJR-1] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

[SMK2-3] 1974, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Second Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō