腐

腐

腐 U+8150, 腐 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8150 ← 腏 [U+814F] CJK Unified Ideographs 腑 → [U+8151]

Translingual

Han character

腐 (radical 130, 肉+8, 14 strokes, cangjie input 戈戈人月人 (IIOBO), four-corner 0022₇, composition ⿸府肉)

Derived characters

• 𭬙, 𫓘, 𮌾

References

• KangXi: page 987, character 5
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29625
• Dae Jaweon: page 1439, character 15
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 2933, character 3
• Unihan data for U+8150

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		腐

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (付) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
鉜	*bu
跗	*po, *bos
柎	*po
腑	*poʔ
俯	*poʔ
府	*poʔ
付	*pos
咐	*pos
怤	*pʰo
泭	*pʰo, *bo
姇	*pʰo
紨	*pʰo
拊	*pʰoʔ
弣	*pʰoʔ
符	*bo
苻	*bo
坿	*bo, *bos
腐	*boʔ
附	*bos
駙	*bos
鮒	*bos
袝	*bos
蚹	*bos
胕	*bos

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *boʔ) : phonetic 府 (OC *poʔ) + semantic 肉 (“ribs, flesh, body”) – decay as aspect of the flesh.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): fǔ (fu³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): fu⁶, fu²
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): hū / hú

  (Teochew, Peng'im): hu¹ / hu⁷

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: fǔ
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˇ
    • Wade–Giles: fu³
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fuu
    • Tongyong Pinyin: fǔ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fu²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: fu⁶, fu²
    • Yale: fuh, fú
    • Cantonese Pinyin: fu⁶, fu²
    • Guangdong Romanization: fu⁶, fu²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fuː²²/, /fuː³⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hū / hú
    • Tâi-lô: hū / hú
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hu, huo
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hu²²/, /hu⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hu⁴¹/, /hu⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hu²²/, /hu⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /hu³³/, /hu⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hu³³/, /hu⁴¹/

Note:

• hū - vernacular;
• hú - literary.

• • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: hu¹ / hu⁷
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hu / hū
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hu³³/, /hu¹¹/

Note: hu7 - used in 豆腐.

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• Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 腐
Mandarin	Beijing	/fu²¹⁴/
	Harbin	/fu²¹³/
	Tianjin	/fu¹³/
	Jinan	/fu⁴²/
	Qingdao	/fu⁵⁵/
	Zhengzhou	/fu⁵³/
	Xi'an	/fu⁵³/
	Xining	/fv̩⁵³/
	Yinchuan	/fu⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/fu⁴⁴²/
	Ürümqi	/fu⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/fu⁴²/
	Chengdu	/fu⁵³/
	Guiyang	/fu⁴²/
	Kunming	/fu⁵³/
	Nanjing	/fu²¹²/
	Hefei	/fu²⁴/
Jin	Taiyuan	/fu⁵³/
	Pingyao	/xu⁵³/
	Hohhot	/fu⁵³/ ～竹 /fəʔ⁴³/ 豆～
Wu	Shanghai	/ɦu²³/ /vu²³/
	Suzhou	/vu³¹/
	Hangzhou	/vu¹³/
	Wenzhou	/vøy²²/
Hui	Shexian	/fu³⁵/
	Tunxi	/fu³¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/fu⁴¹/
	Xiangtan	/ɸu⁴²/
Gan	Nanchang	/fu/ 豆～
Hakka	Meixian	/fu⁵³/ 豆～
	Taoyuan	/fu³¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/fu²²/
	Nanning	/fu²²/
	Hong Kong	/fu²²/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/hu⁵³/ /hu²²/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/pou²⁴²/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/xu²¹/ /xu⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/hu³¹/ /hu³⁵/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/fu³¹/ ～敗 /hu²³/ 豆～

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• Middle Chinese: /bɨo^X/▼

Rime
Character	腐
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	虞 (24)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	扶雨切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bɨoX/
Pan Wuyun	/bioX/
Shao Rongfen	/bioX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/buə̆X/
Li Rong	/bioX/
Wang Li	/bĭuX/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱi̯uX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fù

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[b](r)oʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*boʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	腐
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	fǔ
Middle Chinese	‹ bjuX ›
Old Chinese	/*[b](r)oʔ/
English	rotten
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	腐
Reading #	1/1
No.	3524
Phonetic component	付
Rime group	侯
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	父
Old Chinese	/*boʔ/

Definitions

腐

1. to rot; to decay; to spoil

Compounds

乳腐 (rǔfǔ) 凍豆腐／冻豆腐 刀切豆腐 切齒腐心／切齿腐心 吃豆腐 (chī dòufu) 孤雛腐鼠／孤雏腐鼠 摧枯折腐 杏仁豆腐 (xìngrén dòufu) 板腐 槁骨腐肉 熏腐 物腐蟲生／物腐虫生 磨豆腐 (mò dòufu) 糟豆腐 紅腐貫朽／红腐贯朽 老腐敗／老腐败 老豆腐 (lǎodòufu) 脣腐齒落／唇腐齿落 腐乳 (fǔrǔ) 腐人 腐儒 腐刑 腐化 (fǔhuà) 腐化分子

腐史 腐壞／腐坏 (fǔhuài) 腐心 腐惡／腐恶 腐敗／腐败 (fǔbài) 腐朽 (fǔxiǔ) 腐植土 腐植質／腐植质 腐殖質／腐殖质 (fǔzhízhì) 腐氣／腐气 腐熟 腐爛／腐烂 (fǔlàn) 腐生 腐生植物 腐竹 (fǔzhú) 腐肉 (fǔròu) 腐腸之藥／腐肠之药 腐臭 (fǔchòu) 腐草 腐蝕／腐蚀 (fǔshí) 腐蝕劑／腐蚀剂 腐酒 腐餘／腐余 腐鼠

臭豆腐 (chòudòufu) 豆腐 (dòufu) 豆腐乳 (dòufurǔ) 豆腐乾／豆腐干 (dòufugān) 豆腐官 豆腐干 豆腐心 豆腐皮 (dòufupí) 豆腐腦／豆腐脑 (dòufunǎo) 豆腐衣 豆腐西施 豆腐飯／豆腐饭 豆腐鯊／豆腐鲨 貪汙腐化／贪污腐化 貫朽粟腐／贯朽粟腐 賣豆腐／卖豆腐 迂腐 (yūfǔ) 酸腐 醬豆腐／酱豆腐 (jiàngdòufu) 防腐 (fángfǔ) 防腐劑／防腐剂 (fángfǔjì) 陳腐／陈腐 (chénfǔ) 鴟得腐鼠／鸱得腐鼠 麻婆豆腐 (mápó dòufu)

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Japanese

Kanji

腐

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. to spoil, rot, corrode, moulder
2. to speak ill of

Readings

• Go-on: ぶ (bu)
• Kan-on: ふ (fu, Jōyō)
• Kun: くさる (kusaru, 腐る, Jōyō); くされる (kusareru, 腐れる, Jōyō); くさす (kusasu, 腐す); くさらす (kusarasu, 腐らす, Jōyō)

Compounds

• 腐食 (ふしょく) (fushoku)
• 腐敗 (ふはい) (fuhai)
• 豆腐 (とうふ) (tōfu)

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Korean

Hanja

腐 • (bu)

• Eumhun:
  • Sound (hangeul): 부 (revised: bu, McCune–Reischauer: pu, Yale: pu)
  • Name (hangeul): 썩을

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

腐 (hủ)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.