胡麻
Chinese
| barbarian; recklessly; surname | (to have) pins and needles; tingling; hemp (to have) pins and needles; tingling; hemp; numb; to bother | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (胡麻) | 胡 | 麻 | |
| simp. #(胡麻) | 胡 | 麻 | |
| Literally: “foreign hemp”. | |||
Etymology
This word originally referred to flax (Linum usitatissimum), an import from the Western Regions, but was later confounded with sesame. For more on the background, see Laufer (1967).
Pronunciation
Noun
胡麻
- flax (Linum usitatissimum); linseed
- sesame (Sesamum indicum)
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 芝麻 (“sesame”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words edit |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 芝麻, 胡麻 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 芝麻 |
| Taiwan | 芝麻 | |
| Langfang | 芝麻 | |
| Tangshan | 芝麻 | |
| Cangzhou | 芝麻 | |
| Baoding | 芝麻 | |
| Shijiazhuang | 芝麻 | |
| Daming | 芝麻 | |
| Harbin | 芝麻 | |
| Yantai (Muping) | 芝麻 | |
| Jinan | 芝麻 | |
| Luoyang | 芝麻 | |
| Wanrong | 芝麻 | |
| Xi'an | 芝麻 | |
| Yinchuan | 芝麻 | |
| Lanzhou | 芝麻 | |
| Xining | 芝麻 | |
| Ürümqi | 芝麻 | |
| Wuhan | 芝麻, 麻子 | |
| Chengdu | 芝麻 | |
| Kunming | 芝麻 | |
| Guilin | 芝麻 | |
| Liuzhou | 芝麻, 油麻 | |
| Xuzhou | 芝麻 | |
| Yangzhou | 芝麻 | |
| Nanjing | 芝麻 | |
| Hefei | 芝麻 | |
| Singapore | 芝麻 | |
| Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 芝麻 | |
| Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) | 芝麻 | |
| Mae Salong (Lancang) | 芝麻 | |
| Mae Sai (Tengchong) | 芝麻 | |
| Pematangsiantar | 芝麻 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 芝麻 |
| Hong Kong | 芝麻 | |
| Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 芝麻 | |
| Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 芝麻 | |
| Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 芝麻 | |
| Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 芝麻 | |
| Macau | 芝麻 | |
| Guangzhou (Panyu) | 芝麻 | |
| Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 芝麻 | |
| Guangzhou (Conghua) | 芝麻 | |
| Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 芝麻 | |
| Foshan | 芝麻 | |
| Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 芝麻 | |
| Foshan (Shunde) | 芝麻 | |
| Foshan (Sanshui) | 芝麻 | |
| Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 芝麻 | |
| Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 芝麻 | |
| Zhuhai (Qianshan) | 芝麻 | |
| Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) | 芝麻 | |
| Zhuhai (Doumen) | 芝麻 | |
| Jiangmen (Baisha) | 芝麻 | |
| Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 芝麻 | |
| Taishan | 芝麻 | |
| Kaiping (Chikan) | 芝麻 | |
| Enping (Niujiang) | 芝麻 | |
| Heshan (Yayao) | 芝麻 | |
| Dongguan | 油麻 | |
| Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 油麻 | |
| Qingyuan | 芝麻 | |
| Fogang | 芝麻 | |
| Yingde (Hanguang) | 芝麻 | |
| Yangshan | 芝麻 | |
| Lianshan (Butian) | 麻子 | |
| Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) | 麻子 | |
| Shaoguan | 芝麻 | |
| Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 芝麻 | |
| Renhua | 芝麻 | |
| Lechang | 芝麻 | |
| Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 芝麻 | |
| Sihui | 芝麻 | |
| Guangning | 芝麻 | |
| Deqing | 芝麻 | |
| Huaiji | 芝麻 | |
| Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 麻仔 | |
| Yunfu | 油麻 | |
| Xinxing | 芝麻 | |
| Luoding | 芝麻 | |
| Yunan (Pingtai) | 芝麻 | |
| Yangjiang | 油麻 | |
| Xinyi | 芝麻 | |
| Lianjiang | 芝麻 | |
| Nanning | 芝麻 | |
| Wuzhou | 芝麻 | |
| Yulin | 芝麻 | |
| Hepu (Lianzhou) | 芝麻, 油麻 | |
| Hepu (Shatian) | 油麻 | |
| Beihai | 油麻 | |
| Beihai (Nankang) | 油麻 | |
| Beihai (Yingpan) | 油麻 | |
| Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 芝麻, 油麻 | |
| Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 芝麻 | |
| Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 芝麻, 油麻 | |
| Danzhou | 油麻 | |
| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 芝麻 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 芝麻 | |
| Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 芝麻 | |
| Móng Cái | 芝麻, 油麻 | |
| Bangkok (Guangfu) | 芝麻 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 芝麻 |
| Lichuan | 麻仔, 芝麻 | |
| Pingxiang | 芝麻, 麻子 | |
| Hakka | Meixian | 麻仔, 麻 |
| Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 油麻 | |
| Dongguan (Qingxi) | 油麻 | |
| Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 油麻 | |
| Zhongshan (Wuguishan) | 油麻 | |
| Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 芝麻 | |
| Wuhua (Shuizhai) | 麻哩 | |
| Wuhua (Huacheng) | 麻哩 | |
| Wuhua (Changbu) | 油麻哩 | |
| Wuhua (Mianyang) | 麻哩 | |
| Conghua (Lütian) | 油麻 | |
| Jiexi | 油麻 | |
| Ninghua | 麻仔 | |
| Yudu | 芝麻 | |
| Shicheng | 麻 | |
| Shangyou (Shexi) | 麻子 | |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 麻仔 | |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 麻仔 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 麻仔 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 麻 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 麻仔 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 麻子 | |
| Hong Kong | 油麻 | |
| Luchuan (Daqiao) | 芝麻 | |
| Sabah (Longchuan) | 芝麻, 麻 | |
| Senai (Huiyang) | 油麻 | |
| Singkawang | 油麻 | |
| Bangkok (Jiexi) | 油麻 | |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 油麻 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 芝麻 |
| Pingyao | 芝麻 | |
| Xinzhou | 芝麻 | |
| Hohhot | 芝麻 | |
| Zhangjiakou | 芝麻 | |
| Handan | 芝麻 | |
| Jiuxing Yumin | Lanxi | 芝麻 |
| Min Bei | Jian'ou | 麻仔 |
| Jianyang | 麻仔 | |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 芝麻, 油麻 |
| Fuqing | 油麻 | |
| Min Nan | Xiamen | 麻 |
| Quanzhou | 麻 | |
| Jinjiang | 油麻 | |
| Zhangzhou | 麻 | |
| Dongshan | 麻 | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 麻 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 麻, 油麻 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 麻 | |
| Longyan | 油麻 | |
| Datian | 油麻 | |
| Pingnan (Shangdu) | 油麻 | |
| Chaozhou | 油麻 | |
| Shantou | 油麻 | |
| Shantou (Chenghai) | 油麻 | |
| Shantou (Chaoyang) | 油麻 | |
| Nan'ao (Houzhai) | 油麻 | |
| Nan'ao (Yun'ao) | 油麻 | |
| Jieyang | 油麻 | |
| Lufeng | 油麻 | |
| Haifeng | 油麻 | |
| Bangkok (Teochew) | 油麻 | |
| Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 油麻 | |
| Pontianak (Teochew) | 油麻 | |
| Leizhou | 麻葈 | |
| Wenchang | 油麻 | |
| Haikou | 油麻 | |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 芝麻 |
| Xianyou | 油麻 | |
| Min Zhong | Yong'an | 麻, 油麻 |
| Sanyuan | 麻 | |
| Shaxian | 麻 | |
| Zhongshan Min | Shaxi (Longdu) | 油麻 |
| Sanxiang | 油麻 | |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 芝麻 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 油麻 |
| Lingchuan (Shuangzhou) | 芝麻 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 芝麻 |
| Shanghai (Chongming) | 芝麻 | |
| Suzhou | 芝麻 | |
| Danyang | 芝麻 | |
| Hangzhou | 芝麻 | |
| Ningbo | 芝麻 | |
| Wenzhou | 芝麻 | |
| Jinhua | 油麻 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 芝麻 |
| Loudi | 油麻籽 | |
| Shuangfeng | 油麻, 芝麻 | |
| Quanzhou | 油麻 | |
Derived terms
|
Descendants
Sino-Xenic (胡麻):
- → Japanese: 胡麻 (goma)
- → Korean: 호마(胡麻) (homa)
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 胡 | 麻 |
| ご Jinmeiyō | ま Grade: S |
| goon | kan’yōon |
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- On’yomi
- (Tokyo) ごま [gòmá] (Heiban – [0])
- IPA(key): [ɡo̞ma̠]
- Homophone: 護摩
Noun
胡麻 • (goma)
- sesame (either the plant or the seeds)
Derived terms
- 胡麻油 (gomaabura)
- 胡麻塩 (gomashio)
- 開け胡麻 (hirakegoma)
- 臍の胡麻 (heso no goma)