肅

肅

See also: 粛 and 肃

肅 U+8085, 肅 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8085 ← 肄 [U+8084] CJK Unified Ideographs 肆 → [U+8086]

Translingual

Traditional	肅
Shinjitai	粛
Simplified	肃

Han character

肅 (Kangxi radical 129, 聿+7, 13 strokes, cangjie input 中X (LX), four-corner 5022₇, composition ⿻肀𣶒)

Derived characters

• 嘯 彇 㩋 潚 㬘 橚 熽 璛 䐹 䃤 䊥 繡 蟰 鏽 驌 鱐 㔅 㪩 歗 䎘 鷫 蕭 簫

References

• KangXi: page 971, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29225
• Dae Jaweon: page 1423, character 12
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3169, character 4
• Unihan data for U+8085

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Chinese

trad.		肅
simp.		肃
alternative forms		粛 𦘛 𦘡 䏋 𦘜 粛 𦘛 𦘡 䏋 𦘜 𦘝 𢙻

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (肅) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
簫	*sɯːw
蕭	*sɯːw
瀟	*sɯːw
潚	*sɯːw, *sɯwɢ
彇	*sɯːw
蟰	*sɯːw, *sɯwɢ
橚	*sɯːw, *sɯwɢ
嘯	*sɯːwɢs
歗	*sɯːwɢs
熽	*sɯːwɢs
繡	*sɯwɢs
鏽	*sɯwɢs
肅	*sɯwɢ
鷫	*sɯwɢ
驌	*sɯwɢ
鱐	*sɯwɢ
璛	*sɯwɢ

Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 𦘒 + 𣶒.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): sù (su⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄙㄨˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): suk¹
• Min Bei (KCR): sṳ̆
• Min Dong (BUC): sé̤ṳk
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): siok / sok

  (Teochew, Peng'im): sog⁴

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: sù
    • Zhuyin: ㄙㄨˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: sù
    • Wade–Giles: su⁴
    • Yale: sù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: suh
    • Palladius: су (su)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /su⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: suk¹
    • Yale: sūk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: suk⁷
    • Guangdong Romanization: sug¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sʊk̚⁵/
• Min Bei
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sṳ̆
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sy²⁴/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: sé̤ṳk
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /søyʔ²⁴/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siok
    • Tâi-lô: siok
    • Phofsit Daibuun: siog
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ɕiɔk̚³²/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sok
    • Tâi-lô: sok
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sog
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /sɔk̚³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /sɔk̚⁵/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: sog⁴
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sok
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sok̚²/

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• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 肅
Mandarin	Beijing	/su⁵¹/
	Harbin	/su⁵³/ /su⁴⁴/ 甘～
	Tianjin	/su⁵³/
	Jinan	/ɕy²¹³/
	Qingdao	/su⁵⁵/
	Zhengzhou	/sy²⁴/
	Xi'an	/ɕy²¹/
	Xining	/ɕy⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/su¹³/ 嚴～ /ɕy¹³/ 甘～
	Lanzhou	/su¹³/
	Ürümqi	/su²¹³/
	Wuhan	/səu²¹³/
	Chengdu	/ɕyo³¹/ /ɕy³¹/
	Guiyang	/ɕiu²¹/
	Kunming	/su³¹/
	Nanjing	/suʔ⁵/
	Hefei	/suəʔ⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/ɕyəʔ²/
	Pingyao	/ɕyʌʔ¹³/
	Hohhot	/ɕyəʔ⁴³/
Wu	Shanghai	/soʔ⁵/
	Suzhou	/soʔ⁵/
	Hangzhou	/soʔ⁵/
	Wenzhou	/ɕɤu²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/suʔ²¹/
	Tunxi	/səu⁵/
Xiang	Changsha	/səu²⁴/
	Xiangtan	/səɯ²⁴/
Gan	Nanchang	/ɕiuʔ⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/siuk̚¹/
	Taoyuan	/siuk̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/sok̚⁵/
	Nanning	/ɬuk̚⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/suk̚⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/siɔk̚³²/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/souʔ²³/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/sy²⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/sok̚²/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/sok̚⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: /sɨuk̚/

Rime
Character	肅
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	東 (4)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	息逐切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/sɨuk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/siuk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/siuk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/suwk̚/
Li Rong	/siuk̚/
Wang Li	/sĭuk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/si̯uk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	su
Expected Cantonese Reflex	suk1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*siwk/

  (Zhengzhang): /*sɯwɢ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	肅	肅	肅	肅	肅
Reading #	1/5	2/5	3/5	4/5	5/5
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	sù	sù	sù	sù	sù
Middle Chinese	‹ sjuwk ›	‹ sjuwk ›	‹ sjuwk ›	‹ sjuwk ›	‹ sjuwk ›
Old Chinese	/*siwk/	/*siwk/	/*siwk/	/*siwk/	/*siwk/
English	solemn, severe	contract (v.); shrivel	present (v.)	beat (v.)	eager; swift
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	肅
Reading #	1/1
No.	12125
Phonetic component	肅
Rime group	覺
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	肅
Old Chinese	/*sɯwɢ/

Definitions

肅

1. respectful
2. solemn

   肅靜／肃静  ―  sùjìng  ―  solemnly silent

3. to rectify; to tighten; to strengthen
4. to eliminate

   肅清／肃清  ―  sùqīng  ―  to eliminate; to purge

5. a surname

Compounds

名正肅／名正肃 嚴肅／严肃 (yánsù) 寒肅／寒肃 恭肅嚴整／恭肃严整 態度嚴肅／态度严肃 敬肅者／敬肃者 整肅／整肃 (zhěngsù) 檢肅／检肃 甘肅／甘肃 (Gānsù) 祗肅／祗肃 秋高氣肅／秋高气肃 端肅／端肃 肅函／肃函

肅北／肃北 (Sùběi) 肅北蒙古族自治縣／肃北蒙古族自治县 (Sùběi Měnggǔzú Zìzhìxiàn) 肅反／肃反 (sùfǎn) 肅呈／肃呈 肅坐／肃坐 肅客／肃客 肅州／肃州 (Sùzhōu) 肅恭／肃恭 肅慎／肃慎 (Sùshèn) 肅拜／肃拜 肅殺／肃杀 (sùshā) 肅清／肃清 (sùqīng) 肅然／肃然 (sùrán)

肅然起敬／肃然起敬 (sùránqǐjìng) 肅爽／肃爽 肅穆／肃穆 (sùmù) 肅立／肃立 (sùlì) 肅肅／肃肃 肅貪／肃贪 肅雝／肃雍 肅靜／肃静 (sùjìng) 茲肅者／兹肃者 謹肅／谨肃 魯肅指囷／鲁肃指囷 齊肅／齐肃

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Japanese

Shinjitai	粛
Kyūjitai	肅

Kanji

肅

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 粛)

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Readings

• Go-on: すく (suku)
• Kan-on: しゅく (shuku)
• Kun: つつしむ (tsutsushimu, 肅む)

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Korean

Hanja

肅 • (suk) (hangeul 숙, revised suk, McCune–Reischauer suk, Yale swuk)

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Vietnamese

Han character

肅: Hán Nôm readings: túc

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