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单词 聲
释义

聲

See also: 声 and 蟹
聲 U+8072, 聲
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8072
← 聱
[U+8071]		CJK Unified Ideographs聳 →
[U+8073]

Translingual

Japanese声
Simplified声
Traditional聲

Han character

聲 (Kangxi radical 128, 耳+11, 17 strokes, cangjie input 土水尸十 (GESJ), four-corner 47401, composition ⿱殸耳)

Derived characters

  • 𡄔, 𫓠 (𨧅)
  • 声 (Japanese shinjitai and Simplified Chinese)

References

  • KangXi: page 969, character 18
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29166
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1420, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2794, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+8072

Chinese

trad.聲
simp.声*
alternative forms𠴢

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 聲
ShangWarring StatesShuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone scriptQin slip scriptSmall seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (殸) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
殸*kʰreːŋ, *kʰeːŋs
聲*qʰjeŋ
謦*kʰeːŋʔ, *kʰeːŋs
磬*kʰeːŋs
罄*kʰeːŋs
馨*qʰeːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *qʰjeŋ) : phonetic 殸 (OC *kʰreːŋ, *kʰeːŋs) + semantic 耳 (“ear”).

Pronunciation

  • Mandarin
    (Standard)
    (Pinyin): shēng (sheng1)
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄥ
    (Chengdu, SP): sen1
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): шын (šɨn, I)
  • Cantonese
    (Guangzhou, Jyutping): sing1, seng1
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): sen1, siang1
  • Gan (Wiktionary): sang1
  • Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): sâng
    (Meixian, Guangdong): sang1
  • Jin (Wiktionary): seng1
  • Min Bei (KCR): siáng
  • Min Dong (BUC): sĭng / siăng
  • Min Nan
    (Hokkien, POJ): seng / siaⁿ
    (Teochew, Peng'im): sêng1 / sian1
  • Wu (Wiktionary): sen (T1); san (T1)
  • Xiang (Wiktionary): shen1
  • Mandarin
    • (Standard Chinese)+
      • Hanyu Pinyin: shēng
      • Zhuyin: ㄕㄥ
      • Tongyong Pinyin: sheng
      • Wade–Giles: shêng1
      • Yale: shēng
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sheng
      • Palladius: шэн (šɛn)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/
    • (Chengdu)
      • Sichuanese Pinyin: sen1
      • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: sen
      • Sinological IPA (key): /sən⁵⁵/
    • (Dungan)
      • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: шын (šɨn, I)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /ʂəŋ²⁴/
      (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
  • Cantonese
    • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
      • Jyutping: sing1, seng1
      • Yale: sīng, sēng
      • Cantonese Pinyin: sing1, seng1
      • Guangdong Romanization: xing1, séng1
      • Sinological IPA (key): /sɪŋ⁵⁵/, /sɛːŋ⁵⁵/
Note:
  • sing1 - literary;
  • seng1 - vernacular.
    • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
      • Wiktionary: sen1, siang1
      • Sinological IPA (key): /sen³³/, /siaŋ³³/
  • Gan
    • (Nanchang)
      • Wiktionary: sang1
      • Sinological IPA (key): /saŋ⁴²/
  • Hakka
    • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
      • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sâng
      • Hakka Romanization System: sang´
      • Hagfa Pinyim: sang1
      • Sinological IPA: /saŋ²⁴/
    • (Meixian)
      • Guangdong: sang1
      • Sinological IPA: /saŋ⁴⁴/
  • Jin
    • (Taiyuan)+
      • Wiktionary: seng1
      • Sinological IPA (old-style): /sə̃ŋ¹¹/
  • Min Bei
    • (Jian'ou)
      • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: siáng
      • Sinological IPA (key): /siaŋ⁵⁴/
  • Min Dong
    • (Fuzhou)
      • Bàng-uâ-cê: sĭng / siăng
      • Sinological IPA (key): /siŋ⁵⁵/, /siaŋ⁵⁵/
  • Min Nan
    • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: seng
      • Tâi-lô: sing
      • Phofsit Daibuun: sefng
      • IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /ɕiɪŋ³³/
      • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ɕiɪŋ⁴⁴/
    • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siaⁿ
      • Tâi-lô: siann
      • Phofsit Daibuun: sviaf
      • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ɕiã⁴⁴/
      • IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /ɕiã³³/
Note:
  • seng - literary;
  • siaⁿ - vernacular.
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: sêng1 / sian1
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: seng / siaⁿ
      • Sinological IPA (key): /seŋ³³/, /sĩã³³/
Note:
  • sêng1 - literary;
  • sian1 - vernacular.
  • Wu
    • (Shanghainese)
      • Wiktionary: sen (T1); san (T1)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /səɲ⁵³/, /sã⁵³/
  • Xiang
    • (Changsha)
      • Wiktionary: shen1
      • Sinological IPA (key) (old-style): /ʂən³³/
      • Sinological IPA (key) (new-style): /sən³³/
  • Middle Chinese: /ɕiᴇŋ/
Rime
Character聲
Reading #1/1
Initial (聲)書 (26)
Final (韻)清 (121)
Tone (調)Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)Open
Division (等)III
Fanqie書盈切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		/ɕiᴇŋ/
Pan
Wuyun		/ɕiɛŋ/
Shao
Rongfen		/ɕiæŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		/ɕiajŋ/
Li
Rong		/ɕiɛŋ/
Wang
Li		/ɕĭɛŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren		/ɕi̯ɛŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		shēng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		sing1
  • Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[l̥]eŋ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*qʰjeŋ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character聲
Reading #1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		shēng
Middle
Chinese		‹ syeng ›
Old
Chinese		/*[l̥]eŋ/
Englishsound (n.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character聲
Reading #1/1
No.10514
Phonetic
component		殸
Rime
group		耕
Rime
subdivision		0
Corresponding
MC rime		聲
Old
Chinese		/*qʰjeŋ/

Definitions

聲

  1. sound; noise; voice (Classifier: 把 c)
    我聽到尖叫聲。／我听到尖叫声。  ―  Wǒ tīng dào jiānjiào shēng.  ―  I heard someone scream.
    鈴聲將我喚醒。／铃声将我唤醒。  ―  Língshēng jiāng wǒ huànxǐng.  ―  I was roused by the sound of a bell.
    我聽列車聲逐漸遠去。 [MSC, trad.]
    我听列车声逐渐远去。 [MSC, simp.]
    Wǒ tīng lièchē shēng zhújiàn yuǎn qù. [Pinyin]
    I heard the sound of the train dying away.
    槍炮聲使群眾驚慌失措。 [MSC, trad.]
    枪炮声使群众惊慌失措。 [MSC, simp.]
    Qiāngpào shēng shǐ qúnzhòng jīnghuāngshīcuò. [Pinyin]
    The crowd panicked at the sound of the guns.
    電話冇聲／电话冇声 [Cantonese]  ―  din6 waa6 mou5 seng1 [Jyutping]  ―  no sound on the phone
    • 我聞其聲、不見其身。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
      我闻其声、不见其身。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
      From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
      Wǒ wén qí shēng, bù jiàn qí shēn. [Pinyin]
      I heard his voice, but did not see his person.
  2. reputation
    聲望／声望  ―  shēngwàng  ―  popularity
    名聲／名声  ―  míngshēng  ―  reputation
    聲譽／声誉  ―  shēngyù  ―  reputation
  3. news; messages
  4. tone
    四聲／四声  ―  sìshēng  ―  the four tones of Classical and Modern Chinese
  5. † to declare; to state
    聲明／声明  ―  shēngmíng  ―  declaration, statement
    聲稱／声称  ―  shēngchēng  ―  to claim, to declare
    聲討／声讨  ―  shēngtǎo  ―  to denounce
  6. Classifier for sounds.
    一聲槍響／一声枪响  ―  yī shēng qiāngxiǎng  ―  the sound of a gunshot
    說聲「我愛你」／说声“我爱你”  ―  shuō shēng “wǒ ài nǐ”  ―  say "I love you"
    講聲「多謝」都冇 [Cantonese, trad.]
    讲声“多谢”都冇 [Cantonese, simp.]
    gong2 seng1 “do1 ze6” dou1 mou5 [Jyutping]
    without saying even "thank you"
  7. (Cantonese) Suffix used to form adjectives with onomatopoeia.
    啦啦聲／啦啦声 [Cantonese]  ―  laa4 laa4-2 seng1 [Jyutping]  ―  quick
    𠽌𠽌聲／𠽌𠽌声 [Cantonese]  ―  syut4 syut4-2 seng1 [Jyutping]  ―  with a sucking sound
  8. (Cantonese) Suffix used after large numerals to express the magnitude of a number.
    億億聲／亿亿声 [Cantonese]  ―  jik1 jik1 seng1 [Jyutping]  ―  in the magnitudes of hundreds of millions
  9. (Cantonese, chiefly in the negative) to make a sound
    唔聲唔聲／唔声唔声 [Cantonese]  ―  m4 seng1 m4 seng1 [Jyutping]  ―  (please add an English translation of this example)
    聲都唔聲／声都唔声 [Cantonese]  ―  seng1 dou1 m4 seng1 [Jyutping]  ―  (please add an English translation of this example)
  10. (Chinese phonetics) initial

Usage notes

  • (Cantonese suffix used to form onomatopoeia): This suffix is accompanied by a tone change in the reduplicated word, where the second occurrence is changed to the second tone (unless its original tone is the first or second tone), as seen in the examples above.

Synonyms

  • (sound): 聲音／声音 (shēngyīn), (literary, or in compounds) 音 (yīn), (literary) 音聲／音声 (yīnshēng), (acoustics) 音響／音响 (yīnxiǎng)
Dialectal synonyms of 聲音 (“voice; sound”) [map]
Variety Location Words
edit
Classical Chinese聲
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)聲音, 聲響, 響聲
MandarinBeijing聲兒, 聲音
Taiwan聲音
Jinan聲音, 聲兒
Xi'an聲音, 聲
Xining聲氣
Wuhan聲氣, 聲音
Chengdu聲氣, 聲音
Yangzhou聲音, 聲
Hefei聲音
Malaysia聲音
Singapore聲音
CantoneseGuangzhou聲音, 聲
Hong Kong聲, 聲音
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)聲
Hong Kong (Ting Kok)聲
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)聲
Taishan聲
Yangjiang聲
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)聲
Singapore (Guangfu)聲
GanNanchang聲氣
Lichuan聲
Pingxiang聲
HakkaMeixian聲音, 聲
Huiyang聲
Dongguan (Qingxi)聲
Heyuan (Bendihua)聲
Wengyuan聲音
Liannan聲
Jiexi聲
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)聲
Changting聲氣
Wuping (Yanqian)聲音
Ninghua聲音
Ningdu聲音
Shangyou (Shexi)聲音
Tonggu (Sandu)聲音
Ganzhou (Panlong)聲音
Dayu聲響
Miaoli (N. Sixian)聲音, 聲
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)聲音, 聲
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)聲音, 聲
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)聲音, 聲
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)聲音, 聲
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)聲音
Hong Kong聲音, 聲
Yangxi (Tangkou)聲
Yangchun (Sanjia)聲音
Xinyi (Sihe)聲
Xinyi (Qianpai)聲
Gaozhou (Xindong)聲
Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai)聲
Huazhou (Xin'an)聲
Lianjiang (Shijiao)聲, 聲音
Lianjiang (Qingping)聲
Mengshan (Xihe)聲音
Luchuan聲音
Senai (Huiyang)聲
HuizhouJixi聲音
JinTaiyuan聲音, 音聲
Min BeiJian'ou聲音
Min DongFuzhou聲音, 聲
Min NanXiamen聲, 聲說 voice
Quanzhou聲, 聲說 voice
Zhangzhou聲, 聲說 voice
Taipei聲 GT, 聲說 GT, voice
Kaohsiung聲
Yilan聲
Changhua (Lukang)聲
Taichung聲
Taichung (Wuqi)聲
Tainan聲
Taitung聲音
Hsinchu聲
Penghu (Magong)聲
Penang (Hokkien)聲
Singapore (Hokkien)聲
Chaozhou聲
Shantou聲
Jieyang聲
Haifeng聲說
Bangkok (Teochew)聲
Johor Bahru (Teochew)聲
Singapore (Teochew)聲
Leizhou聲
WuShanghai (Chongming)聲音
Suzhou聲音, 響聲
Ningbo聲音, 聲響
Wenzhou聲音, 聲響
XiangChangsha聲音
Loudi聲
Shuangfeng聲音, 聲響
NoteGT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)

Compounds

Derived terms from 聲

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (聲):
  • → Japanese: 声(しょう) (shō); 声(せい) (sei)
  • → Korean: 성(聲) (seong)
  • → Vietnamese: thanh (聲)

Others:

  • → Thai: เสียง (sǐiang)
  • → Vietnamese: tiếng (“voice; language; sound”)
  • → Zhuang: sing

References

  • “聲”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
  • Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A03275

Japanese

Shinjitai

声

Kyūjitai

聲

Kanji

聲

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 声)

  1. voice

Readings

  • Go-on: しょう (shō)←しやう (syau, historical)
  • Kan-on: せい (sei)
  • Kun: こえ (koe, 聲)←こゑ (kowe, historical); こわ (kowa, 聲)
Kanji in this term
聲
こえ
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

Noun

聲(こえ) • (koe) ←こゑ (kowe)? (kyūjitai, shinjitai 声)

  1. Kyūjitai form of 声: voice

Korean

Hanja

聲 (eumhun 소리 성 (sori seong))

  1. Hanja form? of 성 (“voice, sound”).

Vietnamese

Han character

聲: Hán Việt readings: thanh[1][2]
聲: Nôm readings: thanh[1], thênh[1], thiêng[3][2], thinh[3][2], xênh[1][2]

  1. chữ Hán form of thanh (“linguistic tone, sound, voice”).
  2. Nôm form of thinh (“silent”).
  3. Nôm form of thiêng (“sacred”).

References

  1. Nguyễn (2014).
  2. Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. Hồ (1976).
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