耳
See also: 目
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Translingual
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Alternative forms
When part of a compound character, particularly as the left radical, the bottom horizontal stroke may not cross at bottom right. This is a script variant, found for example in Japanese 聴.
Han character
耳 (Kangxi radical 128, 耳+0, 6 strokes, cangjie input 尸十 (SJ), four-corner 10400)
- Kangxi radical #128, ⽿.
Derived characters
- Appendix:Chinese radical/耳
- 佴, 咡, 𪣌, 㛅, 弭, 𢙘, 挕, 洱, 𬌯, 𫔾, 𭤶, 栮, 𣧹, 𣭞, 𪸥, 珥, 䏪, 𥙟, 眲, 𧙫, 䋙(䌺), 𧊗, 衈, 𥚅, 誀, 𬦮, 𨌀, 䣵, 鉺(铒), 𩊐, 餌(饵), 駬, 𬴿, 𮫸, 𪕔, 𨏄
- 刵, 取, 恥, 𫾬, 毦, 郰, 𨠧, 鵈, 咠, 𡱡, 茸, 𢩇, 斊, 𥥯, 𥹢, 䇯, 𮐘, 髶, 𩲽, 𬸽, 𫉻, 聾, 闻, 敢, 摂, 朂, 𢦀, 𤧬
References
- KangXi: page 965, character 5
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28999
- Dae Jaweon: page 1413, character 12
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2783, character 1
- Unihan data for U+8033
Chinese
| trad. | 耳 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 耳 | |
| 2nd round simp. | ⿻二⿰丨丨 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 耳 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | ||
| Bronze inscriptions | Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Qin slip script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Characters in the same phonetic series (耳) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 佴 | *nɯːs, *njɯs |
| 麛 | *miː |
| 弭 | *mniʔ |
| 渳 | *mniʔ |
| 葞 | *mniʔ |
| 髶 | *njis, *njoŋ |
| 聻 | *nɯʔ |
| 恥 | *n̥ʰɯʔ |
| 咡 | *njɯ, *njɯs |
| 誀 | *njɯ, *njɯs |
| 耳 | *njɯʔ |
| 洱 | *njɯʔ, *njɯs |
| 駬 | *njɯʔ |
| 餌 | *njɯs |
| 珥 | *njɯs |
| 衈 | *njɯs |
| 毦 | *njɯs |
| 刵 | *njɯs |
| 眲 | *njɯs, *rnɯːɡ |
Pictogram (象形) – an ear.
Etymology 1
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r/g-na (“ear”).
Pronunciation
Definitions
耳
- ear
- 耳聾／耳聋 ― ěrlóng ― deaf
- ear-like object
- 木耳 ― mù'ěr ― wood ear; black fungus
- something on both sides
- 耳房 ― ěrfáng ― penthouse
- 耳門／耳门 ― ěrmén ― side door
- handle on both sides of an object
- 鼎黃耳金鉉，利貞。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: I Ching, 11th – 8th century BCE
- Dǐng huáng ěr jīnxuàn, lì zhēn. [Pinyin]
- (please add an English translation of this example)
鼎黄耳金铉，利贞。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (obsolete) to hear; to hear of
- a surname
- (Quanzhou and Xiamen Hokkien, figurative) something that can be used to coerce or threaten someone
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 耳朵 (“ear”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words edit |
|---|---|---|
| Classical Chinese | 耳 | |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 耳朵 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 耳朵, 耳頭 |
| Taiwan | 耳朵 | |
| Langfang | 耳頭 | |
| Tangshan | 耳頭 | |
| Cangzhou | 耳朵 | |
| Baoding | 耳道 | |
| Shijiazhuang | 耳朵 | |
| Daming | 耳子兒 | |
| Ulanhot | 耳朵 | |
| Tongliao | 耳朵 | |
| Chifeng | 耳朵 | |
| Bayanhot | 耳朵 | |
| Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 耳朵 | |
| Harbin | 耳朵 | |
| Shenyang | 耳朵 | |
| Yantai (Muping) | 耳朵 | |
| Jinan | 耳朵 | |
| Luoyang | 耳道 | |
| Wanrong | 耳朵 | |
| Zhengzhou | 耳朵 | |
| Kaifeng | 耳朵 | |
| Xi'an | 耳朵 | |
| Yinchuan | 耳朵 | |
| Lanzhou | 耳朵 | |
| Xining | 耳朵 | |
| Ürümqi | 耳朵, 耳瓜子, 耳朵瓜子 | |
| Wuhan | 耳凍 | |
| Chengdu | 耳朵 | |
| Chongqing | 耳朵 | |
| Guiyang | 耳朵 | |
| Kunming | 耳朵 | |
| Guilin | 耳朵 | |
| Liuzhou | 耳朵 | |
| Xuzhou | 耳朵 | |
| Yangzhou | 耳頭 | |
| Xinghua | 耳頭, 耳朵 | |
| Nanjing | 耳朵 | |
| Hefei | 耳道 | |
| Nantong | 耳頭 | |
| Yanping | 耳朵 | |
| Malaysia | 耳朵 | |
| Singapore | 耳朵 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 耳仔 |
| Hong Kong | 耳仔, 耳 | |
| Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 耳仔, 耳吉 | |
| Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 耳仔 | |
| Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 耳吉 | |
| Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 耳吉 | |
| Macau | 耳仔 | |
| Guangzhou (Panyu) | 耳仔 | |
| Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 耳仔 | |
| Guangzhou (Conghua) | 耳仔 | |
| Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 耳吉 | |
| Foshan | 耳仔 | |
| Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 耳仔 | |
| Foshan (Shunde) | 耳仔 | |
| Foshan (Sanshui) | 耳仔 | |
| Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 耳仔 | |
| Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 耳仔 | |
| Zhuhai (Qianshan) | 耳仔 | |
| Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) | 耳仔 | |
| Zhuhai (Doumen) | 耳仔 | |
| Jiangmen (Baisha) | 耳仔 | |
| Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 耳仔 | |
| Taishan | 耳仔, 耳 | |
| Kaiping (Chikan) | 耳仔 | |
| Enping (Niujiang) | 耳仔 | |
| Heshan (Yayao) | 耳 | |
| Dongguan | 耳吉 | |
| Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 耳吉 | |
| Shenzhen (Dapeng) | 耳吉 | |
| Qingyuan | 耳仔 | |
| Fogang | 耳 | |
| Yingde (Hanguang) | 耳朵 | |
| Yangshan | 耳仔 | |
| Lianshan (Butian) | 耳朵 | |
| Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) | 耳 | |
| Shaoguan | 耳仔, 耳朵 | |
| Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 耳仔, 耳朵 | |
| Renhua | 耳朵 | |
| Lechang | 耳朵, 耳仔 | |
| Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 耳仔 | |
| Sihui | 耳仔 | |
| Guangning | 耳仔 | |
| Deqing | 耳 | |
| Huaiji | 耳仔 | |
| Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 耳 | |
| Yunfu | 耳仔 | |
| Xinxing | 耳仔 | |
| Luoding | 耳仔 | |
| Yunan (Pingtai) | 耳 | |
| Yangjiang | 耳仔, 耳 | |
| Xinyi | 耳砣 | |
| Maoming (Xinpo) | 耳仔 | |
| Lianjiang | 耳仔 | |
| Wuchuan (Wuyang) | 耳爹 | |
| Nanning | 耳朵, 耳仔 | |
| Wuzhou | 耳朵, 耳仔 | |
| Yulin | 耳鬼 | |
| Hepu (Lianzhou) | 耳朵 | |
| Guiping | 耳朵 | |
| Mengshan (Xihe) | 耳朵 | |
| Guigang (Nanjiang) | 耳朵 | |
| Beiliu (Tangliao) | 耳朵 | |
| Baise | 耳鬼 | |
| Bobai | 耳朵 | |
| Lingshan | 耳朵 | |
| Pubei | 耳朵 | |
| Qinzhou | 耳朵 | |
| Ningming | 耳朵 | |
| Hengxian | 耳朵 | |
| Hezhou (Pumen) | 耳朵 | |
| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 耳仔 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 耳仔 | |
| Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 耳仔 | |
| Yangon (Taishan) | 耳仔 | |
| Mandalay (Taishan) | 耳 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 耳朵 |
| Lichuan | 耳朵 | |
| Pingxiang | 耳朵 | |
| Hakka | Meixian | 耳公 |
| Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 耳朵 | |
| Huiyang | 耳公 | |
| Dongguan (Qingxi) | 耳吉 | |
| Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 耳吉 | |
| Zengcheng (Zhengguo) | 耳公 | |
| Zhongshan (Wuguishan) | 耳公 | |
| Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 耳公 | |
| Wuhua (Shuizhai) | 耳公 | |
| Wuhua (Huacheng) | 耳公 | |
| Wuhua (Changbu) | 耳公, 耳朵 | |
| Wuhua (Mianyang) | 耳公 | |
| Heyuan (Bendihua) | 耳吉 | |
| Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua) | 耳公 | |
| Heping (Linzhai Bendihua) | 耳公 | |
| Lianping (Longjie Bendihua) | 耳公 | |
| Wengyuan | 耳朵 | |
| Liannan | 耳朵 | |
| Conghua (Lütian) | 耳朵 | |
| Jiexi | 耳空 | |
| Luhe | 耳公 | |
| Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 耳窟 | |
| Changting | 耳朵 | |
| Yongding | 耳朵 | |
| Yongding (Xiayang) | 耳公 | |
| Yongding (Gaobei) | 耳骨 | |
| Yongding (Hukeng) | 耳公 | |
| Wuping | 耳朵公, 耳朵 | |
| Wuping (Zhongshan) | 耳朵公 | |
| Wuping (Yanqian) | 耳腦, 耳公 | |
| Liancheng | 耳公 | |
| Liancheng (Peitian) | 耳公, 耳刀 | |
| Liancheng (Juxi) | 耳公 | |
| Liancheng (Zhongbao) | 耳公 | |
| Liancheng (Laiyuan) | 耳空 | |
| Ninghua | 耳朵 | |
| Yudu | 耳朵 | |
| Ningdu | 耳朵 | |
| Tonggu (Sandu) | 耳朵 | |
| Ganzhou (Panlong) | 耳朵 | |
| Dayu | 耳朵 | |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 耳公 | |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 耳公 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 耳空 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 耳公 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 耳空, 耳窟仔 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 耳子 | |
| Hong Kong | 耳公, 耳仔 | |
| Yangxi (Tangkou) | 耳 | |
| Yangchun (Sanjia) | 耳朵 | |
| Xinyi (Sihe) | 耳仔 | |
| Xinyi (Qianpai) | 耳朵 | |
| Gaozhou (Xindong) | 耳, 耳公 | |
| Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) | 耳 | |
| Huazhou (Xin'an) | 耳朵 | |
| Lianjiang (Shijiao) | 耳朵 | |
| Lianjiang (Qingping) | 耳朵 | |
| Mengshan (Xihe) | 耳朵 | |
| Luchuan | 耳朵 | |
| Luchuan (Daqiao) | 耳朵 | |
| Beiliu (Tang'an) | 耳朵 | |
| Mashan (Pianlian) | 耳朵 | |
| Sabah (Longchuan) | 耳吉, 耳朵 | |
| Senai (Huiyang) | 耳公 | |
| Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) | 耳公 | |
| Singkawang | 耳空 | |
| Singapore (Meixian) | 耳公 | |
| Singapore (Dabu) | 耳公 | |
| Bangkok (Meixian) | 耳公 | |
| Bangkok (Fengshun) | 耳公 | |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 耳朵 |
| Shexian | 耳朵 | |
| Tunxi | 耳朵 | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 耳朵 |
| Xinzhou | 耳朵 | |
| Taibus (Baochang) | 耳朵 | |
| Linhe | 耳朵 | |
| Jining | 耳朵 | |
| Hohhot | 耳朵 | |
| Baotou | 耳朵 | |
| Dongsheng | 耳朵 | |
| Haibowan | 耳朵 | |
| Zhangjiakou | 耳朵 | |
| Handan | 耳朵 | |
| Min Bei | Jian'ou | 耳仔, 耳川 |
| Jian'ou (Dikou) | 耳, 耳朵, 耳仔 | |
| Songxi | 耳朵 | |
| Zhenghe | 耳朵, 耳 | |
| Zhenghe (Zhenqian) | 耳朵 | |
| Jianyang | 耳仔, 耳 | |
| Jianyang (Huangkeng) | 耳窟 | |
| Wuyishan | 耳仔 | |
| Pucheng (Shibei) | 耳朵 | |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 耳囝, 耳 |
| Changle | 耳 | |
| Fuqing | 耳囝, 耳 | |
| Yongtai | 耳囝 | |
| Gutian | 耳囝 | |
| Fu'an | 耳栳 | |
| Ningde | 耳囝 | |
| Shouning | 耳栳 | |
| Zhouning | 耳栳 | |
| Fuding | 耳栳 | |
| Matsu | 耳 | |
| Min Nan | Xiamen | 耳仔, 耳空 |
| Xiamen (Tong'an) | 耳空 | |
| Quanzhou | 耳仔, 耳空 | |
| Jinjiang | 耳仔 | |
| Zhangzhou | 耳仔, 耳空 | |
| Zhao'an | 耳仔, 耳空 | |
| Taipei | 耳仔 | |
| New Taipei (Sanxia) | 耳仔 | |
| Kaohsiung | 耳仔 | |
| Yilan | 耳仔 | |
| Changhua (Lukang) | 耳仔 | |
| Taichung | 耳仔 | |
| Taichung (Wuqi) | 耳仔 | |
| Tainan | 耳仔 | |
| Taitung | 耳仔 | |
| Hsinchu | 耳仔 | |
| Kinmen | 耳 | |
| Penghu (Magong) | 耳仔 | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 耳空, 耳仔, 耳 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 耳空, 耳仔 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 耳仔 | |
| Longyan | 耳空 | |
| Zhangping | 耳空 | |
| Zhangping (Yongfu) | 耳空 | |
| Datian | 耳仔 | |
| Pingnan (Shangdu) | 耳朵 | |
| Chaozhou | 耳 | |
| Shantou | 耳 | |
| Shantou (Chenghai) | 耳 | |
| Jieyang | 耳 | |
| Haifeng | 耳 | |
| Bangkok (Teochew) | 耳 | |
| Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 耳 | |
| Singapore (Teochew) | 耳, 耳空 | |
| Leizhou | 耳 | |
| Wenchang | 耳 | |
| Haikou | 耳 | |
| Singapore (Hainanese) | 耳 | |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 耳空 |
| Xianyou | 耳空, 耳囝 | |
| Fuding (Aoyao) | 耳朵 | |
| Min Zhong | Yong'an | 耳仔 |
| Sanyuan | 耳仔 | |
| Shaxian | 耳仔 | |
| Zhongshan Min | Shaxi (Longdu) | 耳囝 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 耳朵, 耳 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 耳朵 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 耳朵 |
| Shanghai (Chongming) | 耳朵 | |
| Suzhou | 耳朵, 耳朵管 | |
| Danyang | 耳朵 | |
| Hangzhou | 耳朵 | |
| Ningbo | 耳朵 | |
| Wenzhou | 耳朵 | |
| Jinhua | 耳朵 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 耳朵 |
| Loudi | 耳朵 | |
| Shuangfeng | 耳凍 | |
| Quanzhou | 耳朵 | |
Etymology 2
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
Definitions
耳
- (literary) Phrase-final particle: merely; only; that's all
- 二三子，偃之言是也！前言戲之耳。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Èrsānzǐ, Yǎn zhī yán shìyě! Qiányán xì zhī ěr. [Pinyin]
- My disciples, Yan's words are right. What I said was only in sport.
二三子，偃之言是也！前言戏之耳。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
Synonyms
- (merely): 而已 (éryǐ), 罷了／罢了 (bàliǎo)
Pronunciation
Definitions
耳
- Only used in 耳孫／耳孙 (réngsūn).
Compounds
Derived terms from 耳
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|
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References
- “耳”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學／香港中文大学 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- “Entry #2604”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
Japanese
Kanji
耳
(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)
Readings
- Go-on: に (ni)
- Kan-on: じ (ji, Jōyō)
- Kun: みみ (mimi, 耳, Jōyō); のみ (nomi, 耳)
Compounds
Compounds
- 耳珠 (jiju): tragus
- 耳朶 (jida): earlobe
Etymology
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 耳 |
| みみ Grade: 1 |
| kun’yomi |
- ⟨mi1mi1⟩ → */mimi/ → /mimi/
From Old Japanese. First attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.[1] From Proto-Japonic *mimi.
Pronunciation
- Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) みみ [mìmíꜜ] (Odaka – [2])[2][3]
- IPA(key): [mʲimʲi]
Noun
耳 • (mimi)
- ear; ears
- 耳が痒いのです。
- Mimi ga kayui no desu.
- My ear is itchy.
- 耳が痒いのです。
- crust (of bread)
- selvedge (woven edge of a bolt of fabric)
Derived terms
Derived terms
- イカ耳 (ikamimi): "squid ears", slang term for a cat folding its ears when upset
- 獣耳 (kemonomimi): kemonomimi
- 猫耳 (nekomimi): nekomimi
- 耳朶 (mimitabu), 耳埵 (mimitabu): earlobe
References
- “耳”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”) (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, →ISBN
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 耳 (MC ȵɨX).
| Historical Readings | ||
|---|---|---|
| Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
| Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | ᅀᅵᆼ〯 (Yale: zǐ) | |
| Middle Korean | ||
| Text | Eumhun | |
| Gloss (hun) | Reading | |
| Hunmong Jahoe, 1527 | 귀〮 (Yale: kwúy) | ᅀᅵ〯 (Yale: zǐ) |
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [i(ː)]
- Phonetic hangul: [이(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Hanja
Wikisource耳 (eumhun 귀 이 (gwi i))
- Hanja form? of 이 (“ear”). [affix]
Compounds
Compounds
- 이목 (耳目, imok)
- 외이 (外耳, oei)
- 내이 (內耳, naei)
- 이비인후과 (耳鼻咽喉科, ibiinhugwa)
References
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.
Okinawan
Kanji
耳
- Kun: みん (min), みみ (mimi)
Compounds
- 耳ぐい (みみぐい, mimigui, “cloud ear fungus”)
Etymology
From Proto-Ryukyuan *mimi, from Proto-Japonic *mimi. Cognate with mainland Japanese 耳 (mimi).
Noun
耳 (hiragana みん, romaji min)
- ear
Vietnamese
Han character
耳: Hán Nôm readings: nhĩ, nhải, nhãi
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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