翻譯

See also: 翻訳, 飜譯, and 翻译

Chinese

	flit about; translate; turn over	to translate; to interpret
trad. (翻譯)	翻	譯
simp. (翻译)	翻	译
alternative forms	繙譯 dated 飜譯

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): fānyì
(Zhuyin): ㄈㄢㄧˋ
(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): фанйи (fanyi, I-I)
Cantonese (Jyutping): faan¹ jik⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fân-yi̍t
Min Dong (BUC): huăng-ĭk
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): hoan-ia̍k / hoan-e̍k
(Teochew, Peng'im): huêng¹ êg⁸ / huang¹ êg⁸
Wu (Wiktionary): fe hhiq (T1)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fānyì → fānyi (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄢㄧˋ → ㄈㄢ ˙ㄧ (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fanyi̊
  - Wade–Giles: fan¹-i⁵
  - Yale: fān-yi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fan.yih
  - Palladius: фаньи (fanʹi)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fän⁵⁵ i⁵¹/ → /fän⁵⁵ i²/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: фанйи (fanyi, I-I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fæ̃²⁴ i²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: faan¹ jik⁶
  - Yale: fāan yihk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: faan¹ jik⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: fan¹ yig⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /faːn⁵⁵ jɪk̚²/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fân-yi̍t
  - Hakka Romanization System: fan´ id
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fan¹ yid⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /fan²⁴⁻¹¹ it̚⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fân-yi̍t
  - Hakka Romanization System: fan´ (r)id
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fan¹ yid⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /fan²⁴⁻¹¹ (j)it̚⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: huăng-ĭk
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /huaŋ⁵⁵ ^(Ø-)ŋiʔ⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoan-ia̍k
  - Tâi-lô: huan-ia̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoan'iak
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /huan³³ iak̚²⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoan-e̍k
  - Tâi-lô: huan-i̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoan'ek
  - IPA (Xiamen): /huan⁴⁴⁻²² iɪk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /huan⁴⁴⁻³³ iɪk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /huan⁴⁴⁻²² iɪk̚¹²¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: huêng¹ êg⁸ / huang¹ êg⁸
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hueng e̍k / huang e̍k
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hueŋ³³⁻²³ ek̚⁴/, /huaŋ³³⁻²³ ek̚⁴/

Note:

huêng1 êg8 - Chaozhou;
huang1 êg8 - Shantou, Jieyang, Chenghai, Chaoyang.

Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: fe hhiq (T1)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fe̞⁵⁵ ɦi̯ɪʔ²¹/

Middle Chinese: /pʰʉɐn jiᴇk̚/

Rime
Character	翻	譯
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	滂 (2)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	元 (66)	清 (123)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	孚袁切	羊益切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pʰʉɐn/	/jiᴇk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/pʰʷiɐn/	/jiɛk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/pʰiuɐn/	/iæk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pʰuan/	/jiajk̚/
Li Rong	/pʰiuɐn/	/iɛk̚/
Wang Li	/pʰĭwɐn/	/jĭɛk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/pʰi̯wɐn/	/i̯ɛk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fān	yì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	faan¹	jik⁶

Verb

翻譯

to translate (to change spoken words or written text from one language to another)
口頭翻譯／口头翻译 ― kǒutóu fānyì ― interpretation
參考翻譯／参考翻译 ― cānkǎo fānyì ― reference translation
文學翻譯／文学翻译 ― wénxué fānyì ― literary translation
把A翻譯成B／把A翻译成B ― bǎ A fānyì chéng B ― to translate A into B
會議室設置了同步翻譯的設備。 [MSC, trad.]
会议室设置了同步翻译的设备。 [MSC, simp.]
Huìyìshì shèzhì le tóngbù fānyì de shèbèi. [Pinyin]
The conference room is equipped with synchronous translation facilities.
(genetics) to translate (to generate a chain of amino acids based on the sequence of codons in an mRNA molecule)

Synonyms

(to translate): (to do written translation) 筆譯／笔译 (bǐyì), (to do interpreting, originally referred to translation generally) 傳譯／传译 (chuányì), 翻 (fān), 譯／译 (yì), (to do interpreting) 口譯／口译 (kǒuyì)

Noun

翻譯

translator; interpreter (Classifier: 名; 位)
隨身翻譯／随身翻译 ― suíshēn fānyì ― personal translator

Synonyms

edit

Synonyms of 翻譯

舌人 (shérén) (literary)
通事 (tōngshì) (archaic)
通事官 (tōngshìguān) (archaic)
通司 (tōngsī) (archaic)
口譯員／口译员 (kǒuyìyuán) (interpreter)
口譯者／口译者 (kǒuyìzhě) (interpreter)
翻譯員／翻译员 (fānyìyuán)

翻譯官／翻译官 (fānyìguān)
翻譯者／翻译者 (fānyìzhě)
譯匠／译匠 (yìjiàng) (literary)
譯員／译员 (yìyuán)
譯者／译者 (yìzhě)
通譯／通译 (tōngyì) (dated)
通譯員／通译员 (tōngyìyuán)

Derived terms

高翻院 (gāofānyuàn)
功能翻譯理論／功能翻译理论 (gōngnéng fānyì lǐlùn)
口譯／口译 (kǒuyì)
機器翻譯／机器翻译 (jīqì fānyì)
機械翻譯／机械翻译 (jīxiè fānyì)
筆譯／笔译 (bǐyì)

翻譯學／翻译学 (fānyìxué)
翻譯官／翻译官 (fānyìguān)
翻譯家／翻译家 (fānyìjiā)
翻譯研究／翻译研究 (fānyì yánjiū)
翻譯腔／翻译腔 (fānyìqiāng)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (翻譯):

→ Japanese: 翻訳(ほんやく) (hon'yaku)
→ Korean: 번역(飜譯) (beonyeok)
→ Vietnamese: phiên dịch (翻譯)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
翻	譯
ほん Grade: S	やく Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

Noun

翻(ほん)譯(やく) • (hon'yaku) (kyūjitai, shinjitai 翻訳)

(nonstandard) Kyūjitai form of 翻訳: translation

Verb

翻(ほん)譯(やく)する • (hon'yaku suru) suru (stem 翻(ほん)譯(やく)し (hon'yaku shi), past 翻(ほん)譯(やく)した (hon'yaku shita), kyūjitai, shinjitai 翻訳)

(nonstandard) Kyūjitai form of 翻訳: to translate

Conjugation

Conjugation of "翻譯する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	翻譯し	ほんやくし	hon'yaku shi
Continuative (連用形)	翻譯し	ほんやくし	hon'yaku shi
Terminal (終止形)	翻譯する	ほんやくする	hon'yaku suru
Attributive (連体形)	翻譯する	ほんやくする	hon'yaku suru
Hypothetical (仮定形)	翻譯すれ	ほんやくすれ	hon'yaku sure
Imperative (命令形)	翻譯せよ¹ 翻譯しろ²	ほんやくせよ¹ ほんやくしろ²	hon'yaku seyo¹ hon'yaku shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	翻譯される	ほんやくされる	hon'yaku sareru
Causative	翻譯させる翻譯さす	ほんやくさせるほんやくさす	hon'yaku saseru hon'yaku sasu
Potential	翻譯できる	ほんやくできる	hon'yaku dekiru
Volitional	翻譯しよう	ほんやくしよう	hon'yaku shiyō
Negative	翻譯しない	ほんやくしない	hon'yaku shinai
Negative continuative	翻譯せず	ほんやくせず	hon'yaku sezu
Formal	翻譯します	ほんやくします	hon'yaku shimasu
Perfective	翻譯した	ほんやくした	hon'yaku shita
Conjunctive	翻譯して	ほんやくして	hon'yaku shite
Hypothetical conditional	翻譯すれば	ほんやくすれば	hon'yaku sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Usage notes

This a variant kyūjitai spelling; the standard kyūjitai spelling is 飜譯.

Korean

Hanja in this term
翻	譯

Noun

翻譯 • (beonyeok) (hangeul 번역)

Alternative form of 飜譯 (“translation”)

Vietnamese

Hán tự in this term
翻	譯

Verb

翻譯

chữ Hán form of phiên dịch (“to translate”).