翁
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Translingual
Han character
翁 (Kangxi radical 124, 羽+4, 10 strokes, cangjie input 金戈尸一 (CISM), four-corner 80127, composition ⿱公羽)
Derived characters
- 傟, 嗡, 塕, 𡟸, 𡻐, 慃, 㨣, 滃, 㺋, 𫕎, 暡, 㮬, 𤌏, 䐥, 瞈, 𥕀, 𬓵, 𧛹, 𢐢, 聬, 螉, 𧷜, 𨉳, 𨎃, 鎓(𬭩), 𦒙, 䩺, 𩡓, 𩥛, 䱵(𮬢)
- 𠃽, 勜, 𨜺, 𪴱, 𦫫, 𩔚, 𦒥, 鶲(鹟), 𡩥, 嵡, 蓊, 䈵, 𩄘, 𩮬, 𤹗
References
- KangXi: page 955, character 21
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28635
- Dae Jaweon: page 1401, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3343, character 10
- Unihan data for U+7FC1
Chinese
| trad. | 翁 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 翁 | |
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (公) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 慃 | *qroːŋʔ |
| 袞 | *kluːnʔ |
| 蔉 | *kluːnʔ |
| 滾 | *kluːnʔ |
| 忩 | *sʰloːŋ |
| 鬆 | *sqʰloːŋs, *sqʰluːŋ, *skʰloŋ, *sqʰloŋ |
| 凇 | *sqʰloːŋs, *sqʰloŋ, *sɢloŋ |
| 公 | *kloːŋ |
| 蚣 | *kloːŋ, *kljoŋ |
| 翁 | *qloːŋ |
| 螉 | *qloːŋ |
| 蓊 | *qloːŋ, *qloːŋʔ |
| 嗡 | *qloːŋ |
| 滃 | *qloːŋʔ |
| 暡 | *qloːŋʔ |
| 勜 | *qloːŋʔ |
| 塕 | *qloːŋʔ |
| 瓮 | *qloːŋs |
| 崧 | *sqʰluŋ |
| 菘 | *sqʰluŋ |
| 硹 | *sqʰluŋ |
| 淞 | *sqʰloŋ, *sɢloŋ |
| 蜙 | *sqʰloŋ |
| 倯 | *sqʰloŋ |
| 松 | *sɢloŋ |
| 訟 | *sɢloŋ, *sɢloŋs |
| 頌 | *sɢloŋs, *loŋ |
| 忪 | *kljoŋ |
| 彸 | *kljoŋ |
| 衳 | *kljoŋ |
| 伀 | *kljoŋ |
| 妐 | *kljoŋ |
| 炂 | *kljoŋ |
| 鈆 | *kljoŋ, *lon |
Etymology 1
Possibly Sino-Tibetan. Compare Mizo ung (“to be old, elderly, aged; to be venerable, antique, ancient; to be of long standing, to be an old inhabitant, to be an old stager (v.; adj.)”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Baxter & Sagart (2017) included 翁 (OC *qˤoŋ) "old man" in the same word-family as 公 (OC *C.qˤoŋ) "father, prince" and 妐 (OC *t-qoŋ) "husband's father".
Pronunciation
Definitions
翁
- (literary, or in compounds) elderly man
- 孤舟簑笠翁，獨釣寒江雪。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
- From: late 8th, early 9th century,《江雪》("River Snow"), by 柳宗元 (Liu Zongyuan).
- Gūzhōu suīlì wēng, dú diào hán jiāng xuě. [Pinyin]
- In a lonely boat, an old man, wearing a straw-cape and bamboo-hat, fished alone amid the cold river snow.
孤舟蓑笠翁，独钓寒江雪。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]
- (literary, or in compounds) father
- 漢王曰：「吾與項羽俱北面受命懷王，曰『約為兄弟。』吾翁即若翁，……」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
- Hànwáng yuē: “Wú yǔ Xiàng Yǔ jù běimiàn shòumìng Huáiwáng, yuē ‘yuē wéi xiōngdì.’ Wúwēng jí ruòwēng,......” [Pinyin]
- The King of Han said: "I and Xiang Yu faced the North, received orders from King Huai, and said: 'We swear a pact of brotherhood'; my father is your father. [...]"
汉王曰：“吾与项羽俱北面受命怀王，曰‘约为兄弟。’吾翁即若翁，……” [Classical Chinese, simp.]- 王師北定中原日，家祭毋忘告乃翁。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: 1210, 陸游 (Lu You), 示兒
- Wángshī běi dìng zhōngyuán rì, jiājì wú wàng gào nǎi wēng. [Pinyin]
- On the day the Song army reconquers the Central Plain in the North, do not forget to inform your father when making offerings to your ancestors.
王师北定中原日，家祭毋忘告乃翁。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (literary, or in compounds) father of one's husband or wife
- 寧受責於翁，勿失歡於姑也。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
- From: 1877,《浮生六記》 (Six Records of a Floating Life), by 沈復 (Shen Fu).
- Níng shòu zé yú wēng, wù shī huān yú gū yě. [Pinyin]
- I'd rather be chided by father(-in-law), than lose favour with mother(-in-law).
宁受责于翁，勿失欢于姑也。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]
- (Min Nan) husband
- 翁仔某 [Hokkien] ― ang-á-bó͘ [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― husband and wife
- † the feathers of a bird's neck
- 翁：頸毛也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Shuowen Jiezi, circa 2nd century CE
- Wēng: jǐngmáo yě. [Pinyin]
- (please add an English translation of this example)
翁：颈毛也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- a surname
- 翁清海 ― Wēng Qīnghǎi ― Vincent Ng (Singaporean martial artist and former actor)
Synonyms
- (elderly man): (often disrespectful) 老頭／老头 (lǎotóu)
- (father): (formal) 父親／父亲 (fùqīn)
- (husband):
Dialectal synonyms of 丈夫 (“husband”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words edit |
|---|---|---|
| Classical Chinese | 夫, 夫婿, 郎 †, 良人 †, 相公 † | |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 丈夫, 先生, 夫婿 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 男人, 爺們, 女婿, 漢子, 爺們兒, 當家的, 老頭子 |
| Taiwan | 老公 | |
| Ulanhot | 當家的, 老爺們兒 | |
| Tongliao | 當家的, 老爺們兒 | |
| Chifeng | 老爺們兒 | |
| Bayanhot | 丈夫, 家裡的, 男人 | |
| Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 當家的 | |
| Harbin | 男人, 掌櫃的, 當家的, 漢子, 老爺們兒, 爺們兒 | |
| Shenyang | 男人 | |
| Yantai (Muping) | 男人, 漢子, 外頭兒人 | |
| Qingdao | 老頭子 | |
| Weifang (Weicheng) | 漢子, 男人, 當家的 | |
| Weifang (Fangzi) | 漢子, 男人, 男的, 當家的 | |
| Weifang (Hanting) | 漢子, 男人, 男的 | |
| Changyi | 漢子, 男人, 男的 | |
| Gaomi | 漢子, 男人, 男的 | |
| Zhucheng | 漢子, 男人 | |
| Anqiu | 漢子, 男的, 外頭, 當家的 | |
| Changle | 漢子, 男人, 男的, 外頭 | |
| Linqu | 男的, 外頭, 女婿 | |
| Qingzhou | 漢子, 男人, 男的 | |
| Shouguang | 漢子, 男人, 男的 | |
| Wulian | 男人, 當家的, 老漢子 | |
| Jinan | 男的, 男人, 女婿 | |
| Luoyang | 男人, 當家的 | |
| Wanrong | 男人, 漢 | |
| Zhengzhou | 男人 | |
| Kaifeng | 男人 | |
| Xi'an | 男人, 外頭家, 外前人, 外頭人 | |
| Yinchuan | 漢子, 男人 | |
| Lanzhou | 男人 | |
| Xining | 男人, 當家的, 掌櫃的 | |
| Ürümqi | 男人 | |
| Wuhan | 男人, 男的, 男將 | |
| Chengdu | 男的, 男人, 伙子, 小伙子 | |
| Guiyang | 男人, 男的, 漢子, 門前人, 當家的 | |
| Kunming | 男人, 老官兒, 男的 | |
| Guilin | 丈夫, 老公 | |
| Liuzhou | 老公 | |
| Sanjiang (Danzhou) | 老公 | |
| Xuzhou | 老頭兒, 老頭子, 當家的, 外人兒, 男的 | |
| Yangzhou | 丈夫, 男的, 男人, 老爹 | |
| Xinghua | 男人, 男將 | |
| Nanjing | 男的, 男人, 老爹, 老公 | |
| Hefei | 男人, 老爹們 | |
| Nantong | 男哩, 老公 | |
| Malaysia | 老公 | |
| Singapore | 老公, 先生 | |
| Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 丈夫, 男人, 老漢 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 老公, 男人 |
| Hong Kong | 老公, 先生 non-face-to-face | |
| Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 老公 | |
| Macau | 老公, 先生 | |
| Guangzhou (Panyu) | 老公 | |
| Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 老公 | |
| Guangzhou (Conghua) | 老公 | |
| Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 老公 | |
| Foshan | 老公 | |
| Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 老公 | |
| Foshan (Shunde) | 老公 | |
| Foshan (Sanshui) | 老公 | |
| Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 老公 | |
| Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 老公 | |
| Zhuhai (Qianshan) | 老公 | |
| Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) | 老公 | |
| Zhuhai (Doumen) | 老公 | |
| Jiangmen (Baisha) | 老公 | |
| Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 老公 | |
| Taishan | 老公 | |
| Kaiping (Chikan) | 老公 | |
| Enping (Niujiang) | 老公 | |
| Heshan (Yayao) | 老公 | |
| Dongguan | 老公 | |
| Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 老公 | |
| Shaoguan | 老公 | |
| Yunfu | 老公 | |
| Yangjiang | 老公 | |
| Xinyi | 老公 | |
| Lianjiang | 老公 | |
| Nanning | 老公 | |
| Wuzhou | 老公, 男人佬 | |
| Yulin | 老公 | |
| Hepu (Lianzhou) | 老公 | |
| Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 老公 | |
| Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 老公 | |
| Dongxing | 老公 | |
| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 老公 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 老公 | |
| Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 老公, 先生 | |
| Móng Cái | 老公 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 老公, 男客 |
| Lichuan | 老公, 男客 | |
| Pingxiang | 男子, 老公 | |
| Hakka | Meixian | 老公 |
| Xingning | 老公 | |
| Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 老公 | |
| Huiyang | 老公 | |
| Huidong (Daling) | 老公 | |
| Dongguan (Qingxi) | 老公 | |
| Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 老公 | |
| Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 老公 | |
| Wuhua (Huacheng) | 老公 | |
| Heyuan (Bendihua) | 老公 | |
| Wengyuan | 老公 | |
| Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 老公 | |
| Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 男人 | |
| Liannan | 老公 | |
| Conghua (Lütian) | 老公 | |
| Jiexi | 老公 | |
| Luhe | 老公 | |
| Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 丈夫 | |
| Changting | 老公 | |
| Wuping | 老公 | |
| Wuping (Yanqian) | 老公 | |
| Wuping (Pingyu) | 老公 | |
| Liancheng | 老公 | |
| Ninghua | 老公 | |
| Yudu | 老公, 當家個 | |
| Ningdu | 老公 | |
| Ruijin | 老公 | |
| Shicheng | 老公 | |
| Shangyou (Shexi) | 老公 | |
| Tonggu (Sandu) | 老公 | |
| Ganzhou (Panlong) | 老公 | |
| Dayu | 老公 | |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 老公, 頭家 | |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 老公, 頭家 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 老公, 丈夫, 頭家 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 老公 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 老公, 頭家 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 丈夫, 頭家 | |
| Hong Kong | 老公 | |
| Mengshan (Xihe) | 老公 | |
| Luchuan | 老公 | |
| Luchuan (Daqiao) | 老公 | |
| Sabah (Longchuan) | 老公 | |
| Senai (Huiyang) | 老公 | |
| Kuching (Hepo) | 老公, 先生 more formal and polite | |
| Singkawang | 老公 | |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 老官, 男人 |
| Shexian | 老公 | |
| Tunxi | 老公 | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 老漢兒, 當家的, 男人 |
| Pingyao | 男人 | |
| Xinzhou | 男人, 老漢, 漢子, 漢 | |
| Taibus (Baochang) | 男人 | |
| Linhe | 男人, 漢子 | |
| Jining | 男人, 女婿 | |
| Hohhot | 男人 | |
| Baotou | 男人, 女婿 | |
| Dongsheng | 男人 | |
| Haibowan | 男人 | |
| Min Bei | Jian'ou | 老公 |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 丈夫, 老公 |
| Changle | 老公 | |
| Fuqing | 丈夫, 老公 | |
| Yongtai | 老公 | |
| Gutian | 老公 | |
| Fu'an | 老翁 | |
| Ningde | 老翁 | |
| Shouning | 老翁 | |
| Zhouning | 老公 | |
| Fuding | 老公 | |
| Matsu | 丈夫, 老公 | |
| Min Nan | Xiamen | 丈夫儂, 翁, 翁婿, 先生, 老的, 老伙記, 頭家 |
| Xiamen (Tong'an) | 翁 | |
| Quanzhou | 丈夫儂, 翁, 翁婿, 老的, 老伙記, 頭家 | |
| Jinjiang | 翁 | |
| Anxi | 翁 | |
| Zhangzhou | 丈夫儂, 翁, 翁婿, 老的, 老伙仔, 老伙記, 頭家 | |
| Zhangpu | 翁 | |
| Zhao'an | 翁 | |
| Dongshan | 翁 | |
| Taipei | 先生, 翁, 頭家 | |
| New Taipei (Sanxia) | 老猴, 丈夫儂, 翁 | |
| Kaohsiung | 老猴, 丈夫儂, 翁, 頭家, 翁婿 | |
| Yilan | 先生, 老猴, 丈夫儂, 翁, 頭家, 翁婿 | |
| Changhua (Lukang) | 老猴, 丈夫儂, 翁, 頭家 | |
| Taichung | 翁, 翁婿, 頭家, 丈夫儂 | |
| Taichung (Wuqi) | 翁 | |
| Tainan | 老鏨頭, 老猴, 丈夫儂, 烏魚, 翁, 頭家 | |
| Taitung | 翁 | |
| Hsinchu | 翁, 頭家, 丈夫儂 | |
| Kinmen | 翁 | |
| Penghu (Magong) | 翁 | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 翁, 丈夫儂, 老的 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 翁, 丈夫儂 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 翁, 丈夫儂 | |
| Longyan | 丈夫 | |
| Zhangping | 翁 | |
| Zhangping (Yongfu) | 田夫, 翁, 老公 non-face-to-face | |
| Chaozhou | 翁 | |
| Shantou | 翁 | |
| Shantou (Chenghai) | 翁 | |
| Jieyang | 翁 | |
| Lufeng | 翁 | |
| Haifeng | 翁, 老大仔, 老公仔 | |
| Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 翁 | |
| Singapore (Teochew) | 翁 | |
| Leizhou | 翁, 老公 | |
| Wenchang | 老公 | |
| Haikou | 老公 | |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 老公 |
| Xianyou | 老公 | |
| Zhongshan Min | Shaxi (Longdu) | 老公 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 老公 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 男人 |
| Lingchuan (Sanjie) | 男人 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 男人, 老公, 老頭子 |
| Shanghai (Chongming) | 男人, 男客 | |
| Suzhou | 男人, 屋裡 | |
| Wuxi | 老官, 官人, 男人 | |
| Danyang | 老公 | |
| Hangzhou | 老公, 男人 | |
| Ningbo | 老公, 男人, 老頭, 當家人 dated | |
| Wenzhou | 老公, 男子, 屋裡 | |
| Jinhua | 老公, 男子 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 男人 |
| Xiangtan | 男人 | |
| Loudi | 男人, 他㑲爺 | |
| Shuangfeng | 男人 | |
| Quanzhou | 老公 | |
| Note | † - used for one's own husband | |
Compounds
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|
|
Pronunciation
Definitions
翁
- (Cantonese) to contract muscles on one's face, usually causing folds to appear
- 翁起個鼻／翁起个鼻 [Cantonese] ― jung1 hei2 go3 bei6 [Jyutping] ― to move one's nose upwards
Pronunciation
Definitions
翁
- (obsolete) Used in 翁翁.
Further reading
- “Entry #6508”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
Japanese
| Shinjitai | 翁 | |
| Kyūjitai [1] | 翁󠄂 翁+ 󠄂?(Adobe-Japan1) |  |
| 翁󠄄 翁+ 󠄄?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. | ||
Kanji
翁
(common “Jōyō” kanji)
- King
- old man
- venerable gentleman
Readings
- Go-on: う (u)
- Kan-on: おう (ō, Jōyō)←をう (wou, historical)
- Kun: おきな (okina, 翁); おな (ona, 翁)
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 翁 |
| おう Grade: S |
| kan’on |
From Middle Chinese 翁 (MC ʔuŋ).
The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.
Pronunciation
- On’yomi: Kan’on
- (Tokyo) おー [óꜜò] (Atamadaka – [1])[2]
- IPA(key): [o̞ː]
Affix
翁 • (ō) ←をう (wou)?
- old man
Noun
翁 • (ō) ←をう (wou)?
- old man; venerable gentleman
Suffix
翁 • (-ō) ←をう (wou)?
- (honorific) venerable; old; father
Pronoun
翁 • (ō) ←をう (wou)?
- (humble, used by elderly men) I; me
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 翁 |
| おきな Grade: S |
| kun’yomi |
| For pronunciation and definitions of 翁 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
| (This term, 翁, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
References
- “翁”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia) (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015—2023
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
Hanja
翁 (eum 옹 (ong))
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
翁: Hán Nôm readings: ông
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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