績

績

See also: 绩

績 U+7E3E, 績 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7E3E ← 總 [U+7E3D] CJK Unified Ideographs 縿 → [U+7E3F]

Translingual

Han character

績 (radical 120, 糸+11, 17 strokes, cangjie input 女火手一金 (VFQMC), four-corner 2598₆, composition ⿰糹責)

1. spin
2. achievements

References

• KangXi: page 936, character 23
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27845
• Dae Jaweon: page 1376, character 1
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3441, character 1
• Unihan data for U+7E3E

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Chinese

trad.		績
simp.		绩

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (朿) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
債	*ʔsreːɡs, *ʔsreːɡ
積	*ʔseɡs, *ʔseɡ
刺	*sʰeɡs, *sʰeɡ
莿	*sʰeːɡs, *raːds
刾	*sʰeɡs
朿	*sʰeɡs
漬	*zeɡs
耫	*zraːd, *zreːɡ
嘖	*ʔsraːɡ, *ʔsreːɡ, *zreːɡ
梀	*sreːɡ, *sʰloːɡ, *sloːɡ, *l̥ʰoɡ
捒	*sreːɡ, *sroɡs, *sroɡs
幘	*ʔsreːɡ
簀	*ʔsreːɡ
嫧	*ʔsreːɡ, *sʰreːɡ, *sʰeɡ
謮	*ʔsreːɡ
責	*ʔsreːɡ
皟	*sʰreːɡ
憡	*sʰreːɡ
策	*sʰreːɡ
筴	*sʰreːɡ, *kreːb, *keːb
拺	*sʰreːɡ, *sreːɡ
賾	*zreːɡ
鰿	*zreːɡ, *ʔseɡ
擌	*sreːɡ
蹟	*ʔseɡ
襀	*ʔseɡ
磧	*sʰeɡ
洓	*sʰeɡ
績	*ʔseːɡ
勣	*ʔseːɡ
樍	*ʔseːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ʔseːɡ) : semantic 糸 (“thread”) + phonetic 責 (OC *ʔsreːɡ) – to spin thread.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jì, jī

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧˋ, ㄐㄧ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zik¹, zek³
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chit

  (Meixian, Guangdong): zid⁵

• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): chit / chek

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zêh⁴

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
    • Pinyin: jì
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˋ
    • Wade–Giles: chih⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jih
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jì
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
    • Pinyin: jī
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧ
    • Wade–Giles: chih¹
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ji
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ji
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: zik¹, zek³
    • Yale: jīk, jek
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzik⁷, dzek⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: jig¹, zég³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɪk̚⁵/, /t͡sɛːk̚³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chit
    • Hakka Romanization System: jid`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: jid⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡ɕit̚²/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: zid⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sit̚¹/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chit
    • Tâi-lô: tsit
    • Phofsit Daibuun: cid
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕit̚⁵/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chek
    • Tâi-lô: tsik
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zeg
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕiɪk̚³²/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: zêh⁴
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tseh
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡seʔ²/

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• Middle Chinese: /t͡sek̚/▼

Rime
Character	績
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	錫 (127)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	則歷切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sek̚/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sek̚/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sɛk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sɛjk̚/
Li Rong	/t͡sek̚/
Wang Li	/t͡siek̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡siek̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ji

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]ˤek/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔseːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	績	績
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jī	jì
Middle Chinese	‹ tsek ›	‹ tsek ›
Old Chinese	/*[ts]ˁek/	/*[ts]ˁek/
English	twist, spin	achieve; achievement
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	績
Reading #	1/1
No.	1782
Phonetic component	朿
Rime group	錫
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	績
Old Chinese	/*ʔseːɡ/

Definitions

績

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
2. achievement; accomplishment

   alt. forms: 勣

Compounds

丕績／丕绩 佳績／佳绩 (jiājì) 偉績／伟绩 (wěijì) 功績／功绩 (gōngjì) 功績制／功绩制 勛績／勋绩 (xūnjì) 勞績／劳绩 (láojì) 實績／实绩 (shíjì) 庶績／庶绩 懋績／懋绩 成績／成绩 (chéngjì) 成績單／成绩单 (chéngjìdān) 成績平平／成绩平平 成績斐然／成绩斐然 戰績／战绩 (zhànjì)

政績／政绩 (zhèngjì) 敗績／败绩 (bàijì) 敬姜猶績／敬姜犹绩 業績／业绩 (yèjì) 殊勛異績／殊勋异绩 殊勛茂績／殊勋茂绩 汗馬之績／汗马之绩 汗馬功績／汗马功绩 治績／治绩 清績／清绩 紡績／纺绩 (fǎngjì) 紡績井臼／纺绩井臼 紡績器／纺绩器 績優／绩优 績優股／绩优股

績學／绩学 績效／绩效 (jìxiào) 績效不彰／绩效不彰 績效斐然／绩效斐然 績用／绩用 績緒／绩绪 績麻拈苧／绩麻拈苎 考績／考绩 (kǎojì) 考績幽明／考绩幽明 考績黜陟／考绩黜陟 茂績／茂绩 著績／著绩 蠶績蟹匡／蚕绩蟹匡 豐功偉績／丰功伟绩 (fēnggōngwěijī) 針黹紡績／针黹纺绩

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Japanese

Kanji

績

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. to spin thread or yarn

Readings

• Go-on: しゃく (shaku)
• Kan-on: せき (seki, Jōyō)
• Kun: うむ (umu, 績む)

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Korean

Hanja

績 • (jeok) (hangeul 적, revised jeok, McCune–Reischauer chŏk, Yale cek)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

績 (tích)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.