緘

緘

See also: 缄

緘 U+7DD8, 緘 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7DD8 ← 緗 [U+7DD7] CJK Unified Ideographs 緙 → [U+7DD9]

Translingual

Han character

緘 (Kangxi radical 120, 糸+9, 15 strokes, cangjie input 女火戈竹口 (VFIHR), four-corner 2395₀, composition ⿰糹咸)

1. seal, close
2. bind
3. letter

References

• KangXi: page 930, character 2
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27638
• Dae Jaweon: page 1368, character 2
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3424, character 3
• Unihan data for U+7DD8

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Chinese

trad.		緘
simp.		缄
alternative forms		椷

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (咸) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
感	*kɯːmʔ
鱤	*kɯːmʔ
顑	*kʰɯːmʔ, *ŋɡrɯːms
轗	*kʰɯːmʔ, *kʰɯːms
撼	*ɡɯːmʔ
憾	*ɡɯːms
喊	*qʰaːmʔ, *qʰrɯːmʔ, *ɡrɯːmʔ
緘	*krɯːm
瑊	*krɯːm, *kjum
黬	*krɯːm, *ŋɡrɯːm
減	*krɯːmʔ, *ɡrɯːmʔ
羬	*ŋɡrɯːm, *ɡram
麙	*ŋɡrɯːm
咸	*ɡrɯːm
鹹	*ɡrɯːm
醎	*ɡrɯːm
諴	*ɡrɯːm
椷	*ɡrɯːm
輱	*ɡrɯːm
鍼	*ɡam, *ɡram, *kjɯm
箴	*kjɯm
葴	*kjɯm
鱵	*kjum

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jiān (jian¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄢ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gaam¹, zin¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jiān
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄢ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jian
    • Wade–Giles: chien¹
    • Yale: jyān
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jian
    • Palladius: цзянь (czjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕjɛn⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: gaam¹, zin¹
    • Yale: gāam, jīn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gaam¹, dzin¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: gam¹, jin¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaːm⁵⁵/, /t͡siːn⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: /kˠɛm/

Rime
Character	緘
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	咸 (151)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	古咸切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠɛm/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚæm/
Shao Rongfen	/kɐm/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kəɨm/
Li Rong	/kɐm/
Wang Li	/kɐm/
Bernard Karlgren	/kăm/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gaam1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*krɯːm/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	緘
Reading #	1/1
No.	13506
Phonetic component	咸
Rime group	侵
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	緘
Old Chinese	/*krɯːm/

Definitions

緘

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

三緘其口／三缄其口 (sānjiānqíkǒu) 寶緘／宝缄 封緘器／封缄器 機緘／机缄 瑤緘／瑶缄

緘口／缄口 緘口不言／缄口不言 緘口如瓶／缄口如瓶 緘口無言／缄口无言 緘口結舌／缄口结舌

緘札／缄札 緘舌閉口／缄舌闭口 緘默／缄默 (jiānmò) 緘默權／缄默权 (jiānmòquán) 金人緘口／金人缄口

References

• “緘”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

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Japanese

Kanji

緘

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: けん (ken)^{←けん (ken, historical)←けむ (kemu, ancient)}
• Kan-on: かん (kan)^{←かん (kan, historical)←かむ (kamu, ancient)}
• Kun: とじる (tojiru, 緘じる)^{←とぢる (todiru, historical)}

Etymology

Kanji in this term
緘
かん Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 緘 (MC kˠɛm).

Pronunciation

• On’yomi
• (Tokyo) か​ん [káꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
• IPA^(key): [kã̠ɴ]

Affix

緘(かん) • (kan) 

1. shut; close; seal

Noun

緘(かん) • (kan) 

1. seam; seal (of an envelope)
2. writing on the seal of an envelope

References

1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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Korean

Hanja

緘 • (ham) (hangeul 함)

1. seal, close
2. bind
3. letter