給食
Japanese
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
給 | 食 |
きゅう Grade: 4 | しょく Grade: 2 |
kan’on |
![](Images/wiktionary/Jinego_Elementary_School_school_lunch.jpg.webp)
給食 (kyūshoku): a school lunch.
Etymology
Ultimately from Middle Chinese 給食 (MC kˠiɪp̚ ʑɨk̚, literally “to give, to supply + food, meal”). Sourced from the Chinese work 史記 (Shǐjì, “Records of the Grand Historian”) completed in 91 BCE.[1]
Pronunciation
- (Tokyo) きゅうしょく [kyùúshókú] (Heiban – [0])[2]
- IPA(key): [kʲɨᵝːɕo̞kɯ̟ᵝ]
Noun
給食 • (kyūshoku) ←きふしょく (kifusyoku)?
- the provision of a meal
- a meal, usually lunch, provided by an organization to attendees or participants, such as by a school to its students or by a company to its employees
Verb
給食する • (kyūshoku suru) ←きふしょく (kifusyoku)? intransitive suru (stem 給食し (kyūshoku shi), past 給食した (kyūshoku shita))
- to provide a meal, such as for students or employees
Conjugation
Conjugation of "給食する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Imperfective (未然形) | 給食し | きゅうしょくし | kyūshoku shi | |
Continuative (連用形) | 給食し | きゅうしょくし | kyūshoku shi | |
Terminal (終止形) | 給食する | きゅうしょくする | kyūshoku suru | |
Attributive (連体形) | 給食する | きゅうしょくする | kyūshoku suru | |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | 給食すれ | きゅうしょくすれ | kyūshoku sure | |
Imperative (命令形) | 給食せよ¹ 給食しろ² | きゅうしょくせよ¹ きゅうしょくしろ² | kyūshoku seyo¹ kyūshoku shiro² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 給食される | きゅうしょくされる | kyūshoku sareru | |
Causative | 給食させる 給食さす | きゅうしょくさせる きゅうしょくさす | kyūshoku saseru kyūshoku sasu | |
Potential | 給食できる | きゅうしょくできる | kyūshoku dekiru | |
Volitional | 給食しよう | きゅうしょくしよう | kyūshoku shiyō | |
Negative | 給食しない | きゅうしょくしない | kyūshoku shinai | |
Negative continuative | 給食せず | きゅうしょくせず | kyūshoku sezu | |
Formal | 給食します | きゅうしょくします | kyūshoku shimasu | |
Perfective | 給食した | きゅうしょくした | kyūshoku shita | |
Conjunctive | 給食して | きゅうしょくして | kyūshoku shite | |
Hypothetical conditional | 給食すれば | きゅうしょくすれば | kyūshoku sureba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative |
References
- 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN