給
See also: 给
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Translingual
Han character
給 (Kangxi radical 120, 糸+6, 12 strokes, cangjie input 女火人一口 (VFOMR), four-corner 28961, composition ⿰糹合(GHTV) or ⿰糸合(JK))
Derived characters
- 𠎨, 𢵰
Related characters
- 给 (Simplified Chinese)
References
- KangXi: page 923, character 6
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27432
- Dae Jaweon: page 1357, character 18
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3394, character 11
- Unihan data for U+7D66
Chinese
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 給 | |
|---|---|
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
 |  |
Characters in the same phonetic series (合) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 龕 | *kʰuːm |
| 媕 | *quːm, *qromʔ, *qɯːm, *qramʔ, *qɯːb |
| 頜 | *ɡuːmʔ, *kuːb |
| 答 | *tkuːb |
| 畣 | *tkuːb |
| 荅 | *tkuːb |
| 嗒 | *tuːb, *tʰoːb |
| 褡 | *tuːb, *toːb |
| 撘 | *tuːb |
| 搭 | *tuːb, *tʰoːb |
| 榙 | *tkuːb, *ɡuːb |
| 佮 | *tkʰuːb, *kuːb, *quːb, *quːb |
| 蛤 | *kuːb |
| 鴿 | *kuːb |
| 合 | *kuːb, *ɡuːb |
| 郃 | *kuːb, *ɡuːb |
| 匌 | *kuːb, *kʰuːb |
| 鉿 | *kuːb |
| 閤 | *kuːb |
| 鞈 | *kuːb, *kruːb |
| 韐 | *kuːb, *kruːb |
| 鮯 | *kuːb |
| 哈 | *ŋɡuːb |
| 姶 | *quːb, *quːb |
| 欱 | *qʰuːb, *qʰruːb |
| 盒 | *ɡuːb |
| 耠 | *ɡuːb |
| 詥 | *ɡuːb |
| 塔 | *tʰuːb |
| 鞳 | *tʰoːb |
| 劄 | *rtuːb |
| 跲 | *kruːb, *kob, *ɡob |
| 袷 | *kruːb, *ŋkob |
| 餄 | *kruːb |
| 恰 | *kʰruːb |
| 帢 | *kʰruːb |
| 洽 | *ɡruːb |
| 祫 | *ɡruːb |
| 珨 | *ɡruːb |
| 烚 | *ɡruːb |
| 歙 | *qʰjob, *qʰrub |
| 湁 | *tkʰub |
| 拾 | *ɡjub |
| 給 | *krub |
| 翕 | *qʰrub |
| 噏 | *qʰrub |
| 潝 | *qʰrub |
| 熻 | *qʰrub |
| 嬆 | *qʰrub |
| 翖 | *qʰrub |
| 闟 | *qʰrub |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *krub) : semantic 糸 + phonetic 合 (OC *kuːb, *ɡuːb).
Etymology 1
| trad. | 給 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 给 | |
Starostin reconstructs Proto-Sino-Tibetan *qǝ̆p (“to give; to supply”), comparing it to Burmese အပ် (ap, “to commit; to deliver; to hand over”), Jingpho ap (“to hand over”), Lepcha [script needed] (kjep, “to add to; to multiply”), [script needed] (gjap, “many”).
In Mandarin, Jin and Xiang, pronunciations 1 and 2 are respectively historically colloquial and literary readings, both ultimately derived from Middle Chinese.
Pronunciation 1
Definitions
給
- to give
- 給你一個吻／给你一个吻 ― gěi nǐ yīge wěn ― give you a kiss
- for; for the benefit of
- 我給你按摩吧。／我给你按摩吧。 ― Wǒ gěi nǐ ànmó ba. ― Let me do a massage for you.
- to; with (following verbs to indicate the handing over or passing of something)
- 這裡有我一直想說給你聽的話。 [MSC, trad.]
- Zhèlǐ yǒu wǒ yīzhí xiǎng shuō gěi nǐ tīng de huà. [Pinyin]
- Here are the words I've always wanted to say to you.
这里有我一直想说给你听的话。 [MSC, simp.]
- to (introduce recipient of an action)
- 給他道歉！／给他道歉！ ― Gěi tā dàoqiàn! ― Apologise to him!
- by (marker of passive voice)
- 我們都給人騙了。／我们都给人骗了。 ― Wǒmen dōu gěi rén piàn le. ― We all got fooled.
- Used in the form of 給我 in imperative sentences for emphasis.
- 你給我閉嘴！／你给我闭嘴！ ― Nǐ gěi wǒ bìzuǐ! ― Shut the heck up!
- Used before a verb for emphasis of affectedness.
- 行李讓雨給淋濕了。 [MSC, trad.]
- Xíngli ràng yǔ gěi lìnshī le. [Pinyin]
- The luggage was soaked by rain.
行李让雨给淋湿了。 [MSC, simp.]- 我把椅子給移開了。 [MSC, trad.]
- Wǒ bǎ yǐzi gěi yíkāi le. [Pinyin]
- I moved the chair away.
我把椅子给移开了。 [MSC, simp.]
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 給 (“to give”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words edit |
|---|---|---|
| Classical Chinese | 予, 畀 | |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 給 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 給 |
| Taiwan | 給 | |
| Tianjin | 給 | |
| Jinan | 給 | |
| Xi'an | 給 | |
| Wuhan | 把, 把得, 給 | |
| Chengdu | 給 | |
| Guilin | 給 | |
| Yangzhou | 把, 給 | |
| Hefei | 給 | |
| Malaysia | 給 | |
| Singapore | 給 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 畀 |
| Hong Kong | 畀 | |
| Macau | 畀 | |
| Taishan | 畀 | |
| Dongguan | 畀 | |
| Yangjiang | 畀 | |
| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 畀 | |
| Penang (Guangfu) | 畀 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 畀 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 把 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 分 |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 分 | |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 分 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 分 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 分 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 分 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 得 | |
| Kuching (Hepo) | 分 | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 給 |
| Min Bei | Jian'ou | 吶 |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 乞 |
| Min Nan | Xiamen | 予 |
| Quanzhou | 予 | |
| Zhangzhou | 予 | |
| Zhao'an | 予 | |
| Taipei | 予 | |
| New Taipei (Sanxia) | 予 | |
| Kaohsiung | 予 | |
| Yilan | 予 | |
| Changhua (Lukang) | 予 | |
| Taichung | 予 | |
| Taichung (Wuqi) | 予 | |
| Tainan | 予 | |
| Taitung | 予 | |
| Hsinchu | 予 | |
| Kinmen | 予 | |
| Penghu (Magong) | 予 | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 予 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 予 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 予 | |
| Chaozhou | 分, 乞 | |
| Shantou | 分, 乞 | |
| Shantou (Chaoyang) | 乞 | |
| Jieyang | 分, 乞 | |
| Haifeng | 分, 予 | |
| Singapore (Teochew) | 乞 | |
| Pontianak (Teochew) | 分, 乞 | |
| Leizhou | 乞 | |
| Wenchang | 分 | |
| Haikou | 要 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 撥, 撥辣 |
| Suzhou | 撥 | |
| Ningbo | 撥 | |
| Wenzhou | 匄 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 把 |
Dialectal synonyms of 被 (“by”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words edit |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 被 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 讓, 叫, 給 |
| Taiwan | 讓, 叫, 給 | |
| Jinan | 叫, 讓 | |
| Xi'an | 叫 | |
| Wuhan | 把得 | |
| Chengdu | 遭, 叫 | |
| Yangzhou | 給, 把 | |
| Hefei | 給, 叫 | |
| Malaysia | 被, 給 | |
| Singapore | 被, 讓, 給 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 畀 |
| Hong Kong | 畀 | |
| Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 畀 | |
| Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 畀 | |
| Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 畀 | |
| Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 畀 | |
| Macau | 畀 | |
| Guangzhou (Panyu) | 畀 | |
| Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 畀 | |
| Guangzhou (Conghua) | 畀 | |
| Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 畀 | |
| Foshan | 畀 | |
| Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 畀 | |
| Foshan (Shunde) | 畀 | |
| Foshan (Sanshui) | 畀 | |
| Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 畀 | |
| Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 畀 | |
| Zhuhai (Qianshan) | 畀 | |
| Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) | 畀 | |
| Zhuhai (Doumen) | 畀 | |
| Jiangmen (Baisha) | 畀 | |
| Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 畀 | |
| Taishan | 畀 | |
| Kaiping (Chikan) | 畀 | |
| Enping (Niujiang) | 畀 | |
| Heshan (Yayao) | 畀 | |
| Dongguan | 畀 | |
| Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 畀 | |
| Shaoguan | 畀 | |
| Yunfu | 畀 | |
| Yangjiang | 畀 | |
| Xinyi | 畀 | |
| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 畀 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 畀 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 讓, 等 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 分 |
| Xingning | 分 | |
| Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 畀 | |
| Huiyang | 分 | |
| Huidong (Daling) | 分 | |
| Dongguan (Qingxi) | 分 | |
| Boluo (Bendihua) | 畀 | |
| Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 分 | |
| Zhongshan (Wuguishan) | 畀 | |
| Wuhua (Huacheng) | 分 | |
| Heyuan (Bendihua) | 把 | |
| Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua) | 畀 | |
| Heping (Linzhai Bendihua) | 把 | |
| Lianping (Longjie Bendihua) | 分 | |
| Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 分 | |
| Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 分 | |
| Liannan | 分 | |
| Conghua (Lütian) | 分 | |
| Jiexi | 分 | |
| Changting | 得 | |
| Wuping | 得 | |
| Wuping (Pingyu) | 得 | |
| Liancheng | 給 | |
| Ninghua | 分 | |
| Ruijin | 得 | |
| Shicheng | 得 | |
| Shangyou (Shexi) | 討 | |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 分 | |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 分 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 分 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 分 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 分 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 得 | |
| Hong Kong | 分 | |
| Senai (Huiyang) | 分 | |
| Kuching (Hepo) | 分 | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 叫, 給 |
| Min Bei | Jian'ou | 吶 |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 乞 |
| Min Nan | Xiamen | 予, 乞 |
| Quanzhou | 予, 乞 | |
| Zhangzhou | 予, 乞 | |
| Taipei | 予 | |
| New Taipei (Sanxia) | 予 | |
| Kaohsiung | 予 | |
| Yilan | 予 | |
| Changhua (Lukang) | 予 | |
| Taichung | 予 | |
| Tainan | 予 | |
| Hsinchu | 予 | |
| Kinmen | 予 | |
| Penghu (Magong) | 予 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 予 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 予 | |
| Chaozhou | 分, 乞 | |
| Shantou | 分, 乞, 予 | |
| Shantou (Chaoyang) | 乞 | |
| Jieyang | 分 | |
| Leizhou | 乞 | |
| Haikou | 要 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 撥, 撥辣 |
| Suzhou | 撥, 撥勒 | |
| Ningbo | 撥, 撥人家 | |
| Wenzhou | 匄 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 聽, 撈, 讓, 被 |
| Shuangfeng | 耗 | |
Dialectal synonyms of 和 (“and”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words edit |
|---|---|---|
| Classical Chinese | 與, 及 | |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 和, 與, 及 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 跟, 和 |
| Taiwan | 跟, 和 | |
| Yantai (Muping) | 和 | |
| Jinan | 和, 跟, 給 | |
| Wanrong | 和 | |
| Wanrong (Ronghe) | 連 | |
| Xi'an | 跟, 連 | |
| Yinchuan | 連 | |
| Lanzhou | 跟, 和 | |
| Xining | 帶, 和 | |
| Ürümqi | 跟, 連, 和 | |
| Wuhan | 跟 | |
| Chengdu | 跟, 給, 和 | |
| Guiyang | 跟, 同, 和 | |
| Guilin | 跟, 和 | |
| Liuzhou | 跟, 同, 和 | |
| Xuzhou | 給 | |
| Yangzhou | 跟, 交 | |
| Nanjing | 告, 跟 | |
| Hefei | 跟 | |
| Malaysia | 和, 跟 | |
| Singapore | 和, 跟 | |
| Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 帶 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 同, 同埋 |
| Hong Kong | 同, 同埋 | |
| Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 同 | |
| Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 同 | |
| Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 同 | |
| Macau | 同, 同埋 | |
| Taishan | 同埋 | |
| Kaiping (Chikan) | 同, 同埋 | |
| Dongguan | 同, 同埋 | |
| Yangjiang | 鄧, 同 | |
| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 同 | |
| Penang (Guangfu) | 同 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 同 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 跟, 同 |
| Lichuan | 和 | |
| Pingxiang | 同, 跟 | |
| Hakka | Meixian | 同, 摎 |
| Yudu | 澗 | |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 摎 | |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 同 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 摎 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 同 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 摎 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 和 | |
| Hong Kong | 摎 | |
| Kuching (Hepo) | 佮 | |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 搭 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 和, 跟 |
| Xinzhou | 給 | |
| Min Bei | Jian'ou | 邀 |
| Jian'ou (Dikou) | 邀, 儉, 教 | |
| Zhenghe (Zhenqian) | 邀 | |
| Pucheng (Shibei) | 邀, 跟 | |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 共 |
| Changle | 共 | |
| Fuqing | 共 | |
| Yongtai | 共 | |
| Gutian | 共 | |
| Fu'an | 共 | |
| Ningde | 共 | |
| Shouning | 隨 | |
| Zhouning | 傮, 共 | |
| Fuding | 跟 | |
| Min Nan | Xiamen | 佮, 交 |
| Xiamen (Tong'an) | 佮 | |
| Quanzhou | 佮, 交 | |
| Zhangzhou | 佮 | |
| Tainan | 佮 | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 佮 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 佮 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 佮, 交 | |
| Chaozhou | 佮, 共 | |
| Shantou | 佮 | |
| Jieyang | 佮 | |
| Singapore (Teochew) | 佮 | |
| Pontianak (Teochew) | 佮 | |
| Leizhou | 共 | |
| Wenchang | 共 | |
| Haikou | 共 | |
| Qionghai | 共 | |
| Waxiang | Guzhang (Gaofeng) | 跟, 邀 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 脫, 脫仔, 得, 得仔, 搭, 搭仔, 交, 幫, 同, 跟 |
| Shanghai (Chongming) | 脫 | |
| Shanghai (Songjiang) | 搭 | |
| Suzhou | 搭, 搭仔 | |
| Danyang | 同, 跟 | |
| Hangzhou | 同 | |
| Ningbo | 搭, 搭仔 | |
| Wenzhou | 伉 | |
| Jinhua | 亨, 跟 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 跟 |
| Loudi | 跟 | |
| Shuangfeng | 跟, 同 | |
Compounds
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|
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Pronunciation 2
Definitions
給
- to supply; to provide
- 給予／给予 ― jǐyǔ ― to provide; to give
- to grant; to bestow
- salary; pay
- abundant; plenty
- nimble; quick
- a surname
Compounds
|
|
|
Etymology 2
| trad. | 給 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 给 | |
Pronunciation
Definitions
給
- (Hokkien) Alternative form of 予 (hō͘).
- 你給阮甜蜜的青春 [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
- From: 2007, 陳雷 and 謝婷婷, 情深愛也深
- lí hō͘ gún tiⁿ-bi̍t ê chheng-chhun [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
- You gave me a sweet youth
你给阮甜蜜的青春 [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]
Japanese
Kanji
給
(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Readings
- Go-on: こう (kō)←こふ (kofu, historical)
- Kan-on: きゅう (kyū, Jōyō)←きふ (kifu, historical)
- On: きょう (kyō)←けふ (kefu, historical)
- Kun: たまう (tamau, 給う)←たまふ (tamafu, historical); たまえ (tamae, 給え)←たまへ (tamafe, historical); たもう (tamou, 給う)←たまふ (tamafu, historical)
- Nanori: きい (kī)
Compounds
- 給料 (kyūryō): salary
- 供給 (kyōkyū): supply, provision
Korean
Hanja
給 (eumhun 넉넉할 급 (neongneokhal geup))
- Hanja form? of 급 (“give”).
- Hanja form? of 급 (“by, for”).
Vietnamese
Han character
給: Hán Nôm readings: cấp, góp, cắp, cóp, cướp
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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References
- Nom Foundation