絆
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Translingual
Han character
絆 (Kangxi radical 120, 糸+5, 11 strokes, cangjie input 女火火手 (VFFQ), four-corner 29950, composition ⿰糹半)
References
- KangXi: page 921, character 14
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27376
- Dae Jaweon: page 1354, character 2
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3386, character 1
- Unihan data for U+7D46
Chinese
trad. | 絆 | |
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simp. | 绊 |
Glyph origin
Old Chinese | |
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半 | *paːns |
絆 | *paːns |
靽 | *paːns |
姅 | *paːns, *pʰaːns |
拌 | *pʰaːn, *baːnʔ |
拚 | *pʰaːn, *brons, *pʰaːn, *puns |
坢 | *pʰaːnʔ |
判 | *pʰaːns |
泮 | *pʰaːns |
頖 | *pʰaːns |
胖 | *pʰaːns |
冸 | *pʰaːns |
牉 | *pʰaːns |
柈 | *baːn |
伴 | *baːnʔ, *baːns |
叛 | *baːns |
畔 | *baːns |
袢 | *ban |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *paːns) : semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 半 (OC *paːns).
Pronunciation
Definitions
絆
- † fetter; shackle
- † to fetter; to shackle
- to trip; to stumble
- 絆手絆腳/绊手绊脚 ― bànshǒubànjiǎo ― to be in the way; to be a hindrance
- 他被樹根絆了一下。 [MSC, trad.]
- Tā bèi shùgēn bàn le yīxià. [Pinyin]
- He stumbled over the root of a tree.
他被树根绊了一下。 [MSC, simp.]- 差點兒絆了我一跤。 [MSC, trad.]
- Chàdiǎnr bàn le wǒ yī jiāo. [Pinyin]
- I tripped and almost fell.
差点儿绊了我一跤。 [MSC, simp.]
- to hinder; to restrain
- 別讓日常事務把你絆住了。 [MSC, trad.]
- Bié ràng rìcháng shìwù bǎ nǐ bànzhù le. [Pinyin]
- Don't get yourself bogged down in routine work.
别让日常事务把你绊住了。 [MSC, simp.]
- † (figuratively) trap
- (Min Dong) to be annoying
- 者儂野絆 [Min Dong, trad.]
- ciā nè̤ng iā buáng / [t͡sia³³ nˡøyŋ⁵³ ia³³ puɑŋ²¹³] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA]
- This person is really annoying
者侬野绊 [Min Dong, simp.]
Compounds
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References
- “絆”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
Kanji
(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)
- ties, bonds
- fetters
Readings
- Go-on: はん (han)
- Kan-on: はん (han)
- Kan’yō-on: ばん (ban)
- Kun: きずな (kizuna, 絆)←きづな (kiduna, historical); つなぐ (tsunagu, 絆ぐ); ほだされる (hodasareru, 絆される); ほだす (hodasu, 絆す)
Compounds
- 絆創膏 (bansōkō, “adhesive bandage, band-aid”)
- 羈絆 (kihan, “bond; fetter”)
- 脚絆 (kyahan, “gaiters, leggings”)
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term |
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絆 |
きずな Jinmeiyō |
kun’yomi |
/kiduna/ → /kid͡zuna/ → /kizuna/
Likely from Old Japanese, first attested in the Wamyō Ruijushō (938 CE).
The final -zuna is definitely from 綱 (tsuna, “rope”), while the initial ki- remains uncertain.
The more positive connotation of "bond" is attested in The Tale of the Heike (c. 1330).
Alternative forms
- 紲, 緤
Pronunciation
- Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) きずな [kìzúná] (Heiban – [0])[1][2]
- (Tokyo) きずな [kíꜜzùnà] (Atamadaka – [1])[2]
- IPA(key): [kʲizɨᵝna̠]
Noun
絆 • (kizuna) ←きづな (kiduna)?
- a bond (emotional link or connection), tie
- 1985 August 20, Watanabe, Taeko, “第四十六話 時の絆 Ⅲ [Chapter 46: The Bond of Time Ⅲ]”, in ファミリー! [Family!], volume 10 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 183:
- 7年後 キムは16になる ハービィが望んだように 父と娘の絆はその時間によって清算されるのだろうか そして その後 新たにはじまる時は ふたりの間にどんな絆を育むのだろう
- Nana-nen go Kimu wa jūroku ni naru Hābyi ga nozonda yō ni chichi to musume no kizuna wa sono jikan ni yotte seisan sareru no darō ka Soshite sono nochi arata ni hajimaru toki wa futari no aida ni donna kizuna o hagukumu no darō
- 7 years later, Kim turned 16. The bond between father and daughter faded away with time, just as Harvey had hoped. But then, as time went on, something else also started to blossom in both of them. A different bond.
- 7年後 キムは16になる ハービィが望んだように 父と娘の絆はその時間によって清算されるのだろうか そして その後 新たにはじまる時は ふたりの間にどんな絆を育むのだろう
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- a rope used to bind a horse, for example, as not to get away; a fetter
Proverbs
- 浮世の絆 (ukiyo no kizuna)
- 貧は菩提の種富は輪廻の絆 (hin wa bodai no tane tomi wa rinne no kizuna, literally “poverty is the seed of awakening, wealth is the fetter of rebirth”)
Proper noun
絆 • (Kizuna) ←きづな (kiduna)?
- a female given name
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term |
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絆 |
ほだし Jinmeiyō |
kun’yomi |
Alternative spelling |
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絆し |
/podasi/ → /fodaɕi/ → /hodaɕi/
From Old Japanese.
The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 絆す (hodasu, “to tie something up, such as a horse, as not to get away”).[1]
Pronunciation
- Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) ほだし [hòdáshí] (Heiban – [0])[1]
- (Tokyo) ほだし [hòdáshíꜜ] (Odaka – [3])[1]
- IPA(key): [ho̞da̠ɕi]
Noun
絆 • (hodashi)
- what binds human mind and behavior from freedom; a obstacle to freedom (Can we verify(+) this sense?)
- a rope used to bind a horse, for example, as not to get away
- fetters, shackles
- sometimes shortened to ほだ (hoda).
Etymology 3
Kanji in this term |
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絆 |
ふもだし Jinmeiyō |
kun’yomi |
⟨pumi1 podasi⟩ → /pumodasi/ → /fumodaɕi/
Compound of 踏み (fumi), the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 踏む (fumu, “to step, tread”) + 絆 (hodashi, “rope to bind an horse, for example, as not to get away”).
Pronunciation
- Kun’yomi
- IPA(key): [ɸɯ̟ᵝmo̞da̠ɕi]
Noun
絆 • (fumodashi)
- a rope used to bind a horse's foot, as not to get away; a fetter
References
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 絆 (MC puɑnH).
Hanja
絆 (eumhun 얽어맬 반 (eolgeomael ban))
- Hanja form? of 반 (“bond”).
Compounds
- 반창고 (絆瘡膏, banchanggo, “band-aid”)
References
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典.
Vietnamese
Han character
絆: Hán Nôm readings: bận
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