箱

箱	U+7BB1, 箱 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7BB1

← 箰
[U+7BB0]

CJK Unified Ideographs

箲 →
[U+7BB2]

Translingual

Han character

箱 (Kangxi radical 118, 竹+9, 15 strokes, cangjie input 竹木月山 (HDBU), four-corner 8896₃, composition ⿱𥫗相)

References

KangXi: page 890, character 16

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 26209

Dae Jaweon: page 1318, character 2

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2989, character 7

Unihan data for U+7BB1

Chinese

trad.		箱
simp. ^#		箱

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (相) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
相	slaŋ, slaŋs
廂	*slaŋ
湘	*slaŋ
緗	*slaŋ
箱	*slaŋ
葙	*slaŋ
想	*slaŋʔ
霜	*sraŋ
孀	*sraŋ
鸘	*sraŋ
驦	*sraŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *slaŋ) : semantic 𥫗 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 相 (OC *slaŋ, *slaŋs) – a bamboo box.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): xiāng (xiang¹)
(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄤ
(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): щён (xi͡on, I)
Cantonese (Jyutping): soeng¹
Gan (Wiktionary): xiong¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): siông
(Meixian, Guangdong): xiong¹
Jin (Wiktionary): xion¹
Min Bei (KCR): sió̤ng
Min Dong (BUC): suŏng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): siuⁿ / sioⁿ / siauⁿ / siong / siang
(Teochew, Peng'im): siên¹ / sion¹
Wu (Wiktionary): xian (T1)
Xiang (Wiktionary): sian¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xiāng
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄤ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: siang
  - Wade–Giles: hsiang¹
  - Yale: syāng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiang
  - Palladius: сян (sjan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕjɑŋ⁵⁵/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: щён (xi͡on, I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕiɑŋ²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: soeng¹
  - Yale: sēung
  - Cantonese Pinyin: soeng¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: sêng¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sœːŋ⁵⁵/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: xiong¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕiɔŋ⁴²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: siông
  - Hakka Romanization System: xiong´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: xiong¹
  - Sinological IPA: /ɕi̯oŋ²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: xiong¹
  - Sinological IPA: /ɕiɔŋ⁴⁴/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: xion¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /ɕiɒ̃¹¹/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sió̤ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /siɔŋ⁵⁴/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: suŏng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /suoŋ⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siuⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: siunn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sviw
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /ɕiũ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɕiũ³³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sioⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: sionn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: svioy
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɕiɔ̃⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Penang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siauⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: siaunn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sviaw
  - IPA (Penang): /ɕiãu³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siong
  - Tâi-lô: siong
  - Phofsit Daibuun: siofng
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɕiɔŋ³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ɕiɔŋ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siang
  - Tâi-lô: siang
  - Phofsit Daibuun: siafng
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɕiaŋ⁴⁴/

Note:

siuⁿ/sioⁿ - vernacular;
siong/siang - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: siên¹ / sion¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sieⁿ / sioⁿ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sĩẽ³³/, /sĩõ³³/

Note:

siên1 - Chaozhou;
sion1 - Shantou.

Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: xian (T1)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕiã⁵³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: sian¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /siæn³³/
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /ɕiæn³³/

Middle Chinese: /sɨɐŋ/

Rime
Character	箱
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	息良切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/sɨɐŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/siɐŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/siɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sɨaŋ/
Li Rong	/siaŋ/
Wang Li	/sĭaŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/si̯aŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiāng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	soeng¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*C.[s]aŋ/
(Zhengzhang): /*slaŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	箱
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xiāng
Middle Chinese	‹ sjang ›
Old Chinese	/*C.[s]aŋ/
English	box (of a carriage)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	箱
Reading #	1/1
No.	13583
Phonetic component	相
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	襄
Old Chinese	/*slaŋ/

Definitions

箱

(large) box; chest; trunk
拎住一大箱嘢 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]
ling¹ zyu⁶ jat¹ daai⁶ soeng¹ je⁵ [Jyutping]
carrying a great box of things
box-shaped thing
Classifier for boxes or chests.
Alternative form of 廂／厢 (xiāng, “side room”).

Synonyms

(box):

Dialectal synonyms of 箱子 (“box”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		箱子
Mandarin	Beijing	箱子
	Taiwan	箱子
	Jinan	箱子
	Xi'an	箱子
	Wuhan	箱子
	Chengdu	箱子
	Guilin	箱子
	Yangzhou	箱子
	Hefei	箱子
Cantonese	Guangzhou	箱, 喼 handheld, 籠
	Hong Kong	箱, 喼 handheld, 籠 dated
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	箱, 槓
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	箱
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	箱仔
	Yangjiang	箱, 喼 handheld, 籠
	Qinzhou (Xiniujiao)	箱
	Beihai	箱
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	箱
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	箱
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	箱
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	箱
	Móng Cái	箱, 匣
Gan	Nanchang	箱子
Hakka	Meixian	箱仔
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	箱仔
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	箱仔
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	箱仔
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	箱
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	箱仔, 箱
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	箱
	Hong Kong	箱
Jin	Taiyuan	箱子
Min Bei	Jian'ou	箱
Min Dong	Fuzhou	箱箱, 箱
Min Nan	Xiamen	箱仔, 箱
	Chaozhou	箱
	Bangkok (Teochew)	箱
	Chiang Mai (Teochew)	箱
	Hat Yai (Teochew)	箱
Wu	Shanghai	箱子
	Suzhou	箱子
	Ningbo	箱子
	Wenzhou	箱
Xiang	Changsha	箱子, 籠子
	Xiangxiang	箱子
	Shuangfeng	箱子, 箱, 籠子

Compounds

Derived terms from 箱

信箱 (xìnxiāng)
冰箱 (bīngxiāng)
印相箱
垃圾箱 (lājīxiāng)
封箱
巢箱
巾箱本
手提箱 (shǒutíxiāng)
打棍出箱
暗箱 (ànxiāng)
枕箱
水族箱
水箱 (shuǐxiāng)
沉箱 (chénxiāng)
油箱 (yóuxiāng)
添箱
潘朵拉箱
火箱
烘箱 (hōngxiāng)
烤箱 (kǎoxiāng)
皮箱 (píxiāng)
票箱 (piàoxiāng)
箱仔
箱子 (xiāngzi)
箱底
箱底功夫

箱房
箱根 (Xiānggēn)
箱涵
蜂箱 (fēngxiāng)
行李箱 (xínglǐxiāng)
衣箱 (yīxiāng)
跳箱 (tiàoxiāng)
乾燥箱／干燥箱
保溫箱／保温箱
保險箱／保险箱 (bǎoxiǎnxiāng)
傾箱倒篋／倾箱倒箧
化妝箱／化妆箱
千倉萬箱／千仓万箱
喝攛箱／喝撺箱
墊箱錢／垫箱钱
壓箱底／压箱底
奉獻箱／奉献箱
封箱戲／封箱戏
巡邏箱／巡逻箱
意見箱／意见箱 (yìjiànxiāng)
戲箱／戏箱 (xìxiāng)
拋箱／抛箱
攛箱／撺箱
書箱／书箱 (shūxiāng)
枕頭箱／枕头箱
燒箱庫／烧箱库

百寶箱／百宝箱 (bǎibǎoxiāng)
百葉箱／百叶箱 (bǎiyèxiāng)
箱底錢／箱底钱
箱篋／箱箧
箱簾／箱帘
箱籠／箱笼 (xiānglǒng)
箱網養殖／箱网养殖
箱錢／箱钱
籠貫箱張／笼贯箱张
紙箱／纸箱 (zhǐxiāng)
翻箱倒櫃／翻箱倒柜 (fānxiāngdǎoguì)
翻箱倒篋／翻箱倒箧
翻箱倒籠／翻箱倒笼
萬箱／万箱
藥箱／药箱 (yàoxiāng)
裝箱／装箱 (zhuāngxiāng)
語音信箱／语音信箱 (yǔyīn xìnxiāng)
郵政信箱／邮政信箱 (yóuzhèng xìnxiāng)
郵箱／邮箱 (yóuxiāng)
集裝箱／集装箱 (jízhuāngxiāng)
電冰箱／电冰箱 (diànbīngxiāng)
電子信箱／电子信箱 (diànzǐ xìnxiāng)
電子郵箱／电子邮箱 (diànzǐ yóuxiāng)
電烤箱／电烤箱 (diànkǎoxiāng)
風箱／风箱 (fēngxiāng)
黑箱作業／黑箱作业

References

“箱”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學／香港中文大学 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

箱

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

box

Readings

Go-on: そう (sō)^{←さう (sau, historical)}
Kan-on: しょう (shō)^{←しやう (syau, historical)}
Kun: はこ (hako, 箱, Jōyō)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
箱
はこ Grade: 3
kun’yomi

Alternative spellings
函筥匣筐篋

/pako/ → /fako/ → /hako/

From Old Japanese pako. First attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720.[1]

This term originally referred to a kind of wicker basket or box introduced from continental Asia, and the word is thought to be a borrowing from, or cognate with, a predecessor form of modern Korean 바구니 (baguni, “basket”).[2][3] Compare Middle Korean 바고니〮 (pàkwòní).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) はこ [hàkó] (Heiban – [0])[4][5][6]
IPA^(key): [ha̠ko̞]

Noun

箱(はこ) • (hako)

[from 720] a box: a container with a lid
父(ちち)が柿(かき)の一(ひと)箱(はこ)を送(おく)ってくれた。
Chichi ga kaki no hitohako o okutte kureta.
My father sent me a box of persimmons.
[from 1120] (archaic) a chamber pot for feces; (by extension) feces
[from 1771] (archaic) a shamisen case; (by extension) a shamisen; (by extension) a man or other geisha who accompanies a geisha and carries their shamisen case
(slang) small ライブハウス (raibu hausu, “music venue”)
(Internet slang) Xbox
箱(はこ)コン ― hakokon ― Xbox controller
箱(はこ)信者(しんじゃ) ― hako shinja ― Xbox fanboy/fangirl

Derived terms

豚(ぶた)箱(ばこ) (butabako): police cell
ごみ箱(ばこ) (gomibako) rubbish bin
弁(べん)当(とう)箱(ばこ) (bentōbako): lunchbox
重(じゅう)箱(ばこ) (jūbako): tiered boxes for holding and presenting food
重(じゅう)箱(ばこ)読(よ)み (jūbakoyomi): reading pattern for kanji-compound words, using the Chinese-derived on'yomi for the first portion, and the native Japanese kun'yomi for the second portion
跳(と)び箱(ばこ) (tobibako): vaulting horse

Descendants

→ Amis: hako
→ Sakizaya: haku

References

“箱・筥・函・篋・匣”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, →ISBN
“箱”, in 日本大百科全書：ニッポニカ (Nippon Dai Hyakka Zensho: Nipponica, “Encyclopedia Nipponica”)‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 1984
“箱”, in 世界大百科事典第２版 (Sekai Dai-hyakka Jiten Dainihan, “Heibonsha World Encyclopedia Second Edition”)‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Heibonsha, 1998
2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 箱 (MC sɨɐŋ). Recorded as Middle Korean 샤ᇰ (syang) (Yale: syang) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource箱 (eumhun 상자 상 (sangja sang))

Hanja form^? of 상 (“box”).

Compounds

상자 (箱子, sangja)
서상 (書箱, seosang)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

箱: Hán Nôm readings: sương, tương, rương

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

[KDJ2-1] “箱・筥・函・篋・匣”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, →ISBN

[N-2] “箱”, in 日本大百科全書：ニッポニカ (Nippon Dai Hyakka Zensho: Nipponica, “Encyclopedia Nipponica”)‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 1984

[SDHJ-3] “箱”, in 世界大百科事典第２版 (Sekai Dai-hyakka Jiten Dainihan, “Heibonsha World Encyclopedia Second Edition”)‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Heibonsha, 1998

[DJR-4] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-5] 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

[SMK5-6] 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

箱

Translingual

Han character

References

Chinese

Glyph origin

Pronunciation

Definitions

Synonyms

See also

Compounds

References

Japanese

Kanji

Readings

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

Descendants

References

Korean

Etymology

Hanja

Compounds

References

Vietnamese

Han character