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单词 筷子
释义

筷子

Chinese

chopstick
 
child; son; (noun suffix)
child; son; (noun suffix); small thing; seed; egg; 1st earthly branch; 11 pm-1 am; midnight
trad. (筷子)
simp. #(筷子)
alternative forms快子

Etymology

The Old Chinese words for "chopsticks" were (OC *das) and (OC *keːb). is preserved in almost all Min dialects (Taiwanese , ; Fuzhou dê̤ṳ) and some other dialects, especially those in some contact with Min; it is also preserved in loans to other languages, e.g. Korean 젓가락 (jeotgarak), Vietnamese đũa and Zhuang dawh. Starting from the Ming Dynasty, the change to 筷子 occurred in Mandarin, Wu and some Cantonese dialects. The 15th century book Shuyuan Miscellanies (《菽園雜記》《菽园杂记》) by Lu Rong (陸容陆容) mentioned this change:

舟行諱「住」……,以「箸」為「快兒 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
舟行讳“住”……,以“箸”为“快儿 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
Rú zhōuháng huì “zhù”......, yǐ “zhù” wéi “kuàir” [Pinyin]
As mariners regarded (zhù, “to stay; to stop (in the sea)”) as a taboo […], they called (zhù, “chopsticks”) 快兒 (lit. "quick + diminutive suffix").

The bamboo radical () was later added to to form .

Pronunciation

  • Mandarin
    (Standard)
    (Pinyin): kuàizi
    (Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄞˋ ˙ㄗ
    (Chengdu, SP): kuai4 zi3
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): куэзы (kuezɨ, III-I)
  • Cantonese
    (Guangzhou, Jyutping): faai3 zi2
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): fai1 du2
  • Gan (Wiktionary): kuai3 zi
  • Jin (Wiktionary): kuai3 zeh
  • Wu (Wiktionary): khue tsr (T1); khua tsr (T1)
  • Xiang (Wiktionary): kuai4 zr

  • Mandarin
    • (Standard Chinese)+
      • Hanyu Pinyin: kuàizi
      • Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄞˋ ˙ㄗ
      • Tongyong Pinyin: kuàizi̊h
      • Wade–Giles: kʻuai4-tzŭ5
      • Yale: kwài-dz
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kuay.tzy
      • Palladius: куайцзы (kuajczy)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /kʰwaɪ̯⁵¹ d͡z̥z̩¹/
    • (Chengdu)
      • Sichuanese Pinyin: kuai4 zi3
      • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: kuaiz
      • Sinological IPA (key): /kʰuai²¹³ t͡sz̩⁵³/
    • (Dungan)
      • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: куэзы (kuezɨ, III-I)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /kʰuɛ⁴⁴ t͡sz̩²⁴/
      (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
  • Cantonese
    • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
      • Jyutping: faai3 zi2
      • Yale: faai jí
      • Cantonese Pinyin: faai3 dzi2
      • Guangdong Romanization: fai3 ji2
      • Sinological IPA (key): /faːi̯³³ t͡siː³⁵/
    • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
      • Wiktionary: fai1 du2
      • Sinological IPA (key): /fai³³ tu⁵⁵/
  • Gan
    • (Nanchang)
      • Wiktionary: kuai3 zi
      • Sinological IPA (key): /kʰuai²¹³⁻²¹ t͡sz̩¹/
  • Jin
    • (Taiyuan)+
      • Wiktionary: kuai3 zeh
      • Sinological IPA (old-style): /kʰxuai⁴⁵ t͡səʔ⁴/
  • Wu
    • (Shanghainese)
      • Wiktionary: khue tsr (T1); khua tsr (T1)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /kʰɯe̞⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹/, /kʰɯa̱⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹/
  • Xiang
    • (Changsha)
      • Wiktionary: kuai4 zr
      • Sinological IPA (key): /kʰuai⁴⁵ t͡sz̩³/

Noun

筷子

  1. chopsticks (Classifier: m c;  m c;  m;  m;  m;  c;  c)
    筷子吃飯筷子吃饭   yòng kuàizi chīfàn   to eat with chopsticks
    一次性筷子   yīcìxìng kuàizi   disposable chopsticks

Synonyms

Derived terms

  • 火筷子 (huǒkuàizi)
  • 筷子架 (kuàizijià)

Descendants

  • Tibetan: ཁོ་ཙེ (kho tse)

Classifier

筷子

  1. Classifier for an amount of food held with a pair of chopsticks.
    • 2019, 马可·博格斯 [Marco Borges], 黄温馨; 陈思鹏, transl., 《终生健身:找回灵活使用身体的本能》 [Power Moves: The Four Motions to Transform Your Body for Life], Beijing: 中国友谊出版公司, →ISBN, page 237:
      健康飲食不過是一筷子菜和一筷子肉的區別。 [MSC, trad.]
      健康饮食不过是一筷子菜和一筷子肉的区别。 [MSC, simp.]
      Jiànkāng yǐnshí bùguò shì yī kuàizi cài hé yī kuàizi ròu de qūbié. [Pinyin]
      A healthy diet is just the difference between a chopstickful of vegetables and a chopstickful of meat.

Synonyms

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