筋

See also: 觔

筋	U+7B4B, 筋 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7B4B

← 筊
[U+7B4A]

CJK Unified Ideographs

筌 →
[U+7B4C]

Translingual

Han character

筋 (Kangxi radical 118, 竹+6, 12 strokes, cangjie input 竹月大尸 (HBKS), four-corner 8822₇, composition ⿱𥫗肋)

References

KangXi: page 882, character 26

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25994

Dae Jaweon: page 1311, character 7

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2968, character 4

Unihan data for U+7B4B

Chinese

trad.		筋
simp. ^#		筋

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 筋
Warring States		Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Chu slip and silk script	Qin slip script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jīn (jin¹)
(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄣ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gan¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kîn
Min Bei (KCR): gṳ́ing
Min Dong (BUC): gṳ̆ng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): kun / kin / kirn
(Teochew, Peng'im): geng¹ / gêng¹ / ging¹
Wu (Wiktionary): jin (T1)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jīn
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jin
  - Wade–Giles: chin¹
  - Yale: jīn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jin
  - Palladius: цзинь (czinʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: gan¹
  - Yale: gān
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gan¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: gen¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɐn⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kîn
  - Hakka Romanization System: gin´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gin¹
  - Sinological IPA: /kin²⁴/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gṳ́ing
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kyiŋ⁵⁴/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: gṳ̆ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kyŋ⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Lukang, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kun
  - Tâi-lô: kun
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kwn
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kinmen): /kun⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Lukang): /kun³³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan, Taichung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kin
  - Tâi-lô: kin
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kyn
  - IPA (Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan): /kin⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Sanxia)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kirn
  - Tâi-lô: kirn
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: geng¹ / gêng¹ / ging¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kṳng / keng / king
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɯŋ³³/, /keŋ³³/, /kiŋ³³/

Note:

geng1 - Chaozhou, Shantou, Chenghai;
gêng1 - Jieyang;
ging1 - Chaoyang.

Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: jin (T1)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕɪɲ⁵³/

Middle Chinese: /kɨn/

Rime
Character	筋
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	欣 (57)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	舉欣切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kɨn/
Pan Wuyun	/kɨn/
Shao Rongfen	/kiən/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kɨn/
Li Rong	/kiən/
Wang Li	/kĭən/
Bernard Karlgren	/ki̯ən/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jīn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gan¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*C.[k]ə[n]/
(Zhengzhang): /*kɯn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	筋
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jīn
Middle Chinese	‹ kjɨn ›
Old Chinese	/*C.[k]ə[n]/
English	sinew
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	筋
Reading #	1/1
No.	6727
Phonetic component	筋
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	斤
Old Chinese	/*kɯn/
Notes	俗作䈥

Definitions

筋

(anatomy) tendon; sinew
我好鍾意食牛筋丸。 [Cantonese, trad.]
我好钟意食牛筋丸。 [Cantonese, simp.]
ngo⁵ hou² zung¹ ji³ sik⁶ ngau⁴ gan¹ jyun². [Jyutping]
I like to eat beef tendon meatballs.
(anatomy) muscle
(anatomy) vein that stands out on the skin; prominent superficial vein
(by extension) anything resembling a sinew or vein, such as chopsticks
貴者飯以筋不匙，賤者搏之而食。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
贵者饭以筋不匙，贱者搏之而食。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
From: Tang Dynasty, Fan Chuo, Manshu, chapter 8, part 4
Guìzhě fàn yǐ jīn bù chí, jiànzhě bó zhī ér shí. [Pinyin]
The wealthy eat with chopsticks and do not use spoons, whereas the commoners eat with their hands.
a surname

Compounds

Derived terms from 筋

力困筋乏
努筋拔力
扭筋
扯皮弄筋
扯筋
抽筋 (chōujīn)
抽筋拔骨
拉筋 (lājīn)
村筋俗骨
橡皮筋 (xiàngpíjīn)
牛筋牛降
瘦筋巴骨
筋不束骨
筋疲力竭
筋竿
筋肉 (jīnròu)
筋膜 (jīnmó)
筋膜炎 (jīnmóyán)
筋骨 (jīngǔ)
筋骨昂然
老牛筋
肋筋
腹筋
舒筋活血
蹄筋

青筋 (qīngjīn)
面筋
打筋斗
摔筋斗
筋斗 (jīndǒu)
翻筋斗 (fān jīndǒu)
不著筋節／不著筋节
中筋麵粉／中筋面粉 (zhōngjīn miànfěn)
低筋麵粉／低筋面粉 (dījīn miànfěn)
傷筋動骨／伤筋动骨 (shāngjīndònggǔ)
傷腦筋／伤脑筋 (shāng nǎojīn)
分筋術／分筋术
分筋錯骨／分筋错骨
剝皮抽筋／剥皮抽筋
力盡筋疲／力尽筋疲
力盡筋舒／力尽筋舒
力軟筋麻／力软筋麻
努目訕筋／努目讪筋
動腦筋／动脑筋 (dòng nǎojīn)
扭頭暴筋／扭头暴筋
抽筋剝皮／抽筋剥皮
換腦筋／换脑筋
易筋經／易筋经
死腦筋／死脑筋 (sǐnǎojīn)
滾刀筋／滚刀筋

筋斗雲／筋斗云
筋書／筋书
筋疲力盡／筋疲力尽 (jīnpílìjìn)
筋疲力軟／筋疲力软
筋節／筋节
筋節兒／筋节儿
筋絡／筋络
筋脈／筋脉
筋觔／筋斤
筋電圖／筋电图
翻過筋斗／翻过筋斗
老腦筋／老脑筋 (lǎonǎojīn)
腦筋／脑筋 (nǎojīn)
豎毛筋／竖毛筋
軟面筋／软面筋
轉筋／转筋 (zhuànjīn)
銅筋鐵肋／铜筋铁肋
銅筋鐵骨／铜筋铁骨
鋼筋／钢筋 (gāngjīn)
顏筋柳骨／颜筋柳骨
顏骨柳筋／颜骨柳筋
骨軟筋酥／骨软筋酥
骨軟筋麻／骨软筋麻
高筋麵粉／高筋面粉 (gāojīn miànfěn)
麵筋／面筋 (miànjīn)

Japanese

Kanji

筋

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

muscle, tendon
vein, artery
reason, logic
plot, storyline
counter for long thin things; counter for roads or blocks when giving directions
lineage, descent

Readings

Go-on: こん (kon)
Kan-on: きん (kin, Jōyō)
Kun: すじ (suji, 筋, Jōyō)^{←すぢ (sudi, historical)}

Compounds

筋(きん)肉(にく) (kinniku)
筋(きん)力(りょく) (kinryoku)
筋(きん)力(りょく)トレーニング (kinryoku torēningu), 筋(きん)トレ (kintore)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
筋
すじ Grade: 6
kun’yomi

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Kun’yomi

(Tokyo) すじ [súꜜjì] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
IPA^(key): [sɨᵝʑi]

Noun

筋(すじ) • (suji) ^{←すぢ (sudi)^?}

muscle
tendon
have an aptitude
筋(すじ)がいい人(ひと)
suji ga ii hito
a man of aptitude
vein
みかんの白(しろ)い筋(すじ)
mikan no shiroi suji
(please add an English translation of this example)
(usually in place names) road

Counter

筋(すじ) • (-suji) ^{←すぢ (sudi)^?}

Counter for long, thin things.
一(ひと)筋(すじ)の光(ひかり)
hitosuji no hikari
a single ray of light

References

1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

筋 • (geun) (hangeul 근, revised geun, McCune–Reischauer kŭn, Yale kun)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

筋: Hán Nôm readings: cân, gân

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

[NHK-1] 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN