筆
|
Translingual
Japanese | 筆 |
---|---|
Simplified | 笔 |
Traditional | 筆 |
Stroke order | |||
---|---|---|---|
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Han character
筆 (Kangxi radical 118, 竹+6, 12 strokes, cangjie input 竹中手 (HLQ), four-corner 88507, composition ⿱𥫗聿)
References
- KangXi: page 882, character 19
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25987
- Dae Jaweon: page 1310, character 27
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2970, character 9
- Unihan data for U+7B46
Chinese
trad. | 筆 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 笔 |
Glyph origin
Old Chinese | |
---|---|
筆 | *prud |
潷 | *prud |
硉 | *ruːd |
律 | *rud |
葎 | *b·rud |
聿 | *b·lud |
銉 | *lud |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *prud) and ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 聿 (OC *b·lud, “writing brush”) – a hand holding a brush 聿. The bamboo (竹) refers to the material of traditional Chinese brushes.
Etymology
Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *b-ris (“to draw; picture”) or *rit (“to draw; boundary”) (STEDT). Related to 聿 (OC *b·lud).
Benedict (1972) surmises that this might ultimately be a loan from Austro-Tai into Sino-Tibetan; compare Proto-Austronesian *bulut (“hairy filaments of certain plants, husk”) (> Cebuano bulut).
Pronunciation
Definitions
筆
- writing brush
- (countable) pen; pencil (Classifier: 支; 把 md)
- 你有筆嗎?記一下這個電話號碼。 [MSC, trad.]
- Nǐ yǒu bǐ ma? Jì yīxià zhè ge diànhuà hàomǎ. [Pinyin]
- Do you have a pen to write this phone number?
你有笔吗?记一下这个电话号码。 [MSC, simp.]
- † to write; to compose
- Classifier for writing or drawing: stroke (of Chinese characters, in a painting, etc.)
- 你這個字寫錯了,這裡少了一筆。 [MSC, trad.]
- Nǐ zhè ge zì xiě cuò le, zhèlǐ shào le yī bǐ. [Pinyin]
- The character you have miswritten lacks one stroke here.
你这个字写错了,这里少了一笔。 [MSC, simp.]
- Classifier for sums of money and deals. ⇒ all nouns using this classifier
- 我會儘早把這筆錢還給你。 [MSC, trad.]
- Wǒ huì jǐnzǎo bǎ zhè bǐ qián huán gěi nǐ. [Pinyin]
- I will return the money as soon as possible.
我会尽早把这笔钱还给你。 [MSC, simp.]
Synonyms
Variety | Location | Words edit |
---|---|---|
Classical Chinese | 筆 | |
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 筆 | |
Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 筆 |
Wanrong | 筆 | |
Xi'an | 筆 | |
Yinchuan | 筆 | |
Xining | 筆 | |
Ürümqi | 筆 | |
Wuhan | 筆 | |
Guiyang | 筆 | |
Guilin | 筆 | |
Binyang (Nanjie) | 筆 | |
Yangzhou | 筆 | |
Singapore | 筆 | |
Dagudi (Maliba) | 筆 | |
Reshuitang (Longling) | 筆 | |
Mae Salong (Lancang) | 筆 | |
Mae Sai (Tengchong) | 筆 | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | 筆 |
Hong Kong | 筆 | |
Taishan (Guanghai) | 筆 | |
Dongguan | 筆 | |
Beihai | 筆 | |
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 筆 | |
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 筆 | |
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 筆 | |
Ipoh (Guangfu) | 筆 | |
Singapore (Guangfu) | 筆 | |
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 筆 | |
Móng Cái | 筆 | |
Mandalay (Taishan) | 筆 | |
Gan | Nanchang | 筆 |
Lichuan | 筆 | |
Pingxiang | 筆 | |
Hakka | Meixian | 筆 |
Jiexi | 筆 | |
Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 筆 | |
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 筆 | |
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 筆 | |
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 筆 | |
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 筆 | |
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 筆 | |
Huizhou | Jixi | 筆 |
Jin | Taiyuan | 筆 |
Xinzhou | 筆 | |
Min Bei | Jian'ou | 筆 |
Min Dong | Fuzhou | 筆 |
Min Nan | Xiamen | 筆 |
Taipei | 筆 GT | |
Penang (Hokkien) | 筆 | |
Singapore (Hokkien) | 筆 | |
Singapore (Teochew) | 筆 | |
Haikou | 筆 | |
Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 筆 |
Wu | Shanghai | 筆 |
Shanghai (Chongming) | 筆 | |
Suzhou | 筆 | |
Danyang | 筆 | |
Hangzhou | 筆 | |
Xiangshan | 筆 | |
Wenzhou | 筆 | |
Jinhua | 筆 | |
Yiwu | 筆 | |
Xiang | Changsha | 筆 |
Xiangxiang | 筆 | |
Loudi | 筆 | |
Note | GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified) |
Variety | Location | Words edit |
---|---|---|
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 筆 | |
Mandarin | Beijing | 筆 |
Tianjin | 筆 | |
Chengde | 筆 | |
Tangshan | 筆 | |
Cangzhou | 筆 | |
Baoding | 筆 | |
Shijiazhuang | 筆 | |
Chifeng | 筆 | |
Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 筆 | |
Heihe | 筆 | |
Qiqihar | 筆 | |
Harbin | 筆 | |
Jiamusi | 筆 | |
Baicheng | 筆 | |
Changchun | 筆 | |
Tonghua | 筆 | |
Shenyang | 筆 | |
Dandong | 筆 | |
Jinzhou | 筆 | |
Dalian | 筆 | |
Yantai | 筆 | |
Yantai (Muping) | 筆 | |
Qingdao | 筆 | |
Lijin | 筆 | |
Zhucheng | 筆 | |
Jinan | 筆 | |
Jining | 筆 | |
Luoyang | 筆 | |
Shangqiu | 筆 | |
Yuanyang | 筆 | |
Zhengzhou | 筆 | |
Lingbao | 筆 | |
Xinyang | 筆 | |
Baihe | 筆 | |
Hanzhong | 筆 | |
Xi'an | 筆 | |
Baoji | 筆 | |
Yinchuan | 筆 | |
Tianshui | 筆 | |
Lanzhou | 筆 | |
Dunhuang | 筆 | |
Xining | 筆 | |
Hami | 筆 | |
Ürümqi | 筆 | |
Wuhan | 筆 | |
Yichang | 筆 | |
Xiangyang | 筆 | |
Tianmen | 筆 | |
Hong'an | 筆 | |
Chengdu | 筆 | |
Nanchong | 筆 | |
Dazhou | 筆 | |
Hanyuan | 筆 | |
Xichang | 筆 | |
Zigong | 筆 | |
Chongqing | 筆 | |
Guiyang | 筆 | |
Zunyi | 筆 | |
Bijie | 筆 | |
Liping | 筆 | |
Zhaotong | 筆 | |
Dali | 筆 | |
Kunming | 筆 | |
Mengzi | 筆 | |
Guilin | 筆 | |
Pingle | 筆 | |
Liuzhou | 筆 | |
Luzhai | 筆 | |
Nanning (Fujian) | 匹 | |
Nanning (Wuming) | 筆 | |
Binyang (Nanjie) | 筆 | |
Yizhou | 筆 | |
Luocheng (Dongmen) | 筆 | |
Tianlin (Langping) | 筆 | |
Jishou | 筆 | |
Changde | 筆 | |
Yongzhou | 筆 | |
Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine) | 筆 | |
Anqing | 筆 | |
Xuzhou | 筆 | |
Fuyang | 筆 | |
Wuhu | 筆 | |
Yangzhou | 筆 | |
Lianyungang | 筆 | |
Lianshui | 筆 | |
Nanjing | 筆 | |
Hefei | 筆 | |
Nantong | 筆 | |
Cantonese | Hong Kong | 筆 |
Dongguan | 筆 | |
Wuzhou | 筆 | |
Baise | 筆 | |
Qinzhou | 筆 | |
Gan | Nanchang | 筆 |
Lichuan | 筆 | |
Pingxiang | 筆 | |
Hakka | Meixian | 筆 |
Huizhou | Jixi | 筆 |
Shexian | 筆 | |
Shexian (Daguyun) | 筆 | |
Jin | Taiyuan | 筆 |
Yangyuan | 筆 | |
Datong | 筆 | |
Xinzhou | 筆 | |
Lishi | 筆 | |
Linfen | 筆 | |
Changzhi | 筆 | |
Linhe | 筆 | |
Jining | 筆 | |
Hohhot | 筆 | |
Erenhot | 筆 | |
Pingshan | 筆 | |
Zhangjiakou | 筆 | |
Handan | 筆 | |
Linzhou | 筆 | |
Suide | 筆 | |
Min Bei | Jian'ou | 筆 |
Min Dong | Fuzhou | 筆 |
Min Nan | Guilin (Biyange) | 筆 |
Haikou | 筆 | |
Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 筆 |
Wu | Shanghai | 筆 |
Shanghai (Chongming) | 筆 | |
Danyang | 筆 | |
Hangzhou | 筆 | |
Ningbo | 筆 | |
Xiangshan | 筆 | |
Wenzhou | 筆 | |
Jinhua | 筆 | |
Yiwu | 筆 | |
Xiang | Loudi | 筆 |
Compounds
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|
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Descendants
- → Japanese: 筆 (hitsu)
- → Korean: 필(筆) (pil)
- → Vietnamese: bút (筆)
Others
- → Buryat: ᠪᠢᠷ (bir) / биирэ (biire)
- → Khmer: ពិត (pɨt, “small Chinese-style writing brush”)
- → Korean: 붓 (but, “writing brush”)
- → Proto-Be: *ɓitᴰ¹
- Lingao: bit⁷, bɔt⁷'
- → Manchu: ᡶᡳ (fi, “brush”), ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (bithe, “book”), ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝᠰᡳ (bithesi, “scribe”)
- → Chinese: 筆帖式/笔帖式 (bǐtièshì, “scribe during the Qing Dynasty”)
- → Nivkh: питғы (pitꜧə)
- → Tibetan: པིར (pir, “writing brush, pen”)
- → Mongolian: ᠪᠢᠷ (bir) / бийр (biir)
- → Proto-Turkic: *biti-
- Old Turkic: 𐰋𐰃𐱅𐰃 (b²it²i /biti-/, “to write”)
- → Mongolian: ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠬᠦ (bičikü) / бичих (bičix, “to write”)
- ⇒ Proto-Turkic: *bitig
- → Hungarian: betű
- Oghur:
- Chuvash: пӗтӳ (pĕt̬ü, “amulet”)
- Common Turkic: *bitig, *bitik
- Oghuz:
- Proto-Oghuz: *bitig, *bitik
- Old Anatolian Turkish: بِتى (biti, “letter, written document”)
- Azerbaijani: bitik (archaic)
- Ottoman Turkish: بتى (biti, “letter, written document; memory (literature); bill, document”)
- Turkish: biti (“letter, post; amulet; notebook; book; forme; amulet; credentials, document, compass, licence; clerk”) (dialectal)
- Salar: bitik
- Old Anatolian Turkish: بِتى (biti, “letter, written document”)
- Proto-Oghuz: *bitig, *bitik
- Karluk:
- Karakhanid: بِتِكٔ (bitig, bitik)
- Khorezmian Turkic:
- → Bulgar: بطك (bitik)
- Chagatai:
- Uyghur: بېتىك (bëtik)
- Khorezmian Turkic:
- Karakhanid: بِتِكٔ (bitig, bitik)
- Kipchak:
- Kipchak: بتو (bitüv, bitiv), بتی (biti), بتك (bitik)[1]
- North Kipchak:
- Bashkir: бетеү (betew, “amulet”)
- Tatar: бөти (böti, “letter, amulet”)
- West Kipchak:
- Karaim: битик (bitik)
- Kumyk: битик (bitik, “amulet”)
- South Kipchak:
- Caspian:
- Kazakh: бітік (bıtık, “letter, scripture”)
- Caspian:
- Siberian:
- Old Turkic: 𐰋𐰃𐱅𐰏 (b²it²g /bitig/)
- Old Uyghur: [script needed] (bitig)
- Western Yugur: [script needed] (pïʰtïɣ, “book”)
- Old Uyghur: [script needed] (bitig)
- Old Turkic: 𐰋𐰃𐱅𐰏 (b²it²g /bitig/)
- → Mongolian: бичиг (bičig)
- → Kyrgyz: бичик (biçik, “book of Kalmyk”)
- → Southern Altai: бичик (bičik, “book”)
- → Khakas: пічік (pìçìk, “book”)
- → Shor: пичик (“script, alphabet”)
- → Tuvan: бижик (bijik)
- → Yakut: бичик (biçik)
- → Vietnamese: viết (“to write”)
- → Zhuang: bit
References
- “筆”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學/香港中文大学 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- “Entry #8842”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
Japanese
Kanji
(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)
Readings
- Go-on: ひち (hichi)
- Kan-on: ひつ (hitsu, Jōyō)
- Kun: ふで (fude, 筆, Jōyō); ふんで (funde, 筆); ふみて (fumite, 筆)
- Nanori: くし (kushi)
Compounds
- 執筆 (shippitsu)
- 筆記 (hikki)
- 筆順 (hitsujun)
- 筆跡 (hisseki)
- 筆脈 (hitsumyaku)
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term |
---|
筆 |
ふで Grade: 3 |
kun’yomi |
/fumite/ → /fũnde/ → /fude/
Shift in pronunciation from fumite below,[2] caused by a regular shift where medial み (mi) causes nasalization of the preceding vowel and voicing of the following consonant, with the nasalization reverting in some cases. Now the most common pronunciation in modern Japanese.
Pronunciation
- Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) ふで [fùdé] (Heiban – [0])[3]
- IPA(key): [ɸɯ̟ᵝde̞]
Noun
筆 • (fude)
- a writing brush, a painting brush, a pen
- writing:
- the act of writing
- something written
- handwriting, how someone writes
Usage notes
The pen sense is more commonly expressed using the English-derived term ペン (pen).
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term |
---|
筆 |
ふんで Grade: 3 |
kun’yomi |
/fumite/ → /fũnde/ → /funde/
Shift in pronunciation from fumite below, caused by a regular shift where medial み (mi) causes nasalization of the preceding vowel and voicing of the following consonant. Listed with this reading in the 観智院 (Kanchi-in) edition of the 11th- or 12th-century 類聚名義抄 (Ruiju Myōgishō) dictionary.[2]
Superseded by the fude reading above in modern Japanese.
Pronunciation
- Kun’yomi
- IPA(key): [ɸɯ̟̃ᵝnde̞]
Noun
筆 • (funde)
- (obsolete) same as for fude above: brush; pen; writing
Etymology 3
Kanji in this term |
---|
筆 |
ふみて Grade: 3 |
kun’yomi |
Compound of 文 (fumi, “writing”) + 手 (te, “hand”). Appears with this reading in the Man'yōshū, circa 759.
Superseded by the fude reading above in modern Japanese.
Pronunciation
- Kun’yomi
- IPA(key): [ɸɯ̟ᵝmʲite̞]
Noun
筆 • (fumite)
- (obsolete) same as for fude above: brush; pen; writing
Etymology 4
Kanji in this term |
---|
筆 |
ひつ Grade: 3 |
on’yomi |
/pitu/ → /fitu/ → /hitu/
From Middle Chinese 筆/笔 ( pit , “writing brush”). Compare modern Hakka and Min Nan pit, Mandarin bǐ.
Pronunciation
- On’yomi: Kan’on
- (Tokyo) ひつ [hìtsúꜜ] (Odaka – [2])[3]
- IPA(key): [çit͡sɨᵝ]
Noun
筆 • (hitsu)
- a brush, a pen, a writing or drawing implement
- the mark made by a brush or pen
- writing or drawing with a brush or pen
- an allotment of land, such as for agriculture or housing (from the way that a description of the land and the owner would be written down in the survey register)
References
- Toparlı, Recep (2007) Kıpçak Türkçesi Sözlüğü, 2nd edition, Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, →ISBN, page 33
- 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
Hanja
筆 (eumhun 붓 필 (but pil))
- Hanja form? of 필 (“writing brush; to write; stroke”).
Vietnamese
Han character
筆: Hán Nôm readings: bút, viết
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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