穡

See also: 穑

穡	U+7A61, 穡 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7A61

← 穠
[U+7A60]

CJK Unified Ideographs

穢 →
[U+7A62]

Translingual

Han character

穡 (Kangxi radical 115, 禾+13, 18 strokes, cangjie input 竹木土人田 (HDGOW), four-corner 2496₁, composition ⿰禾嗇)

References

KangXi: page 860, character 42
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25325
Dae Jaweon: page 1287, character 4
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2634, character 5
Unihan data for U+7A61

Chinese

trad.		穡
simp.		穑
alternative forms		⿰禾𭍠

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 穡
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (嗇) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
濇	srɯb, srɯɡ
嗇	*srɯɡ
穡	*srɯɡ
薔	zaŋ, srɯɡ
轖	*srɯɡ
繬	*srɯɡ
嬙	zaŋ, srɯɡ
懎	*srɯɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *srɯɡ) : semantic 禾 (“cereal; grain”) + phonetic 嗇／啬 (OC *srɯɡ). Specialization of 嗇 (OC *srɯɡ).

Etymology 1

Probably related to 采 (OC *s.r̥ˤəʔ, “to pluck”) (Baxter, 1992; Sagart, 1999; Baxter and Sagart, 2014). See there for more.

Schuessler (2007) compares it to Proto-Lolo-Burmese *C-šak (“to pluck; to pick (a fruit, etc.)”), as well as Khmer ច្រូត (crout, “to reap; to harvest”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): sè (se⁴)
(Zhuyin): ㄙㄜˋ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): sik¹
(Taishan, Wiktionary): set²
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): sit
(Meixian, Guangdong): sêd⁵
Min Bei (KCR): să̤
Min Dong (BUC): sáik
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): sit / sek / siak
(Teochew, Peng'im): sêg⁴
Wu (Wiktionary): seq (T4)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: sè
  - Zhuyin: ㄙㄜˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sè
  - Wade–Giles: sê⁴
  - Yale: sè
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: seh
  - Palladius: сэ (sɛ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɤ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: sik¹
  - Yale: sīk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sik⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: xig¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɪk̚⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: set²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /set̚⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sit
  - Hakka Romanization System: xid`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: xid⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /ɕit̚²/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: sêd⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /sɛt̚¹/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: să̤
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɛ²⁴/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: sáik
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /saiʔ²⁴/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sit
  - Tâi-lô: sit
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sid
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɕit̚⁵/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ɕit̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sek
  - Tâi-lô: sik
  - Phofsit Daibuun: seg
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ɕiɪk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siak
  - Tâi-lô: siak
  - Phofsit Daibuun: siag
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɕiak̚⁵/

Note:

sit - vernacular;
sek/siak - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: sêg⁴
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sek
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sek̚²/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: seq (T4)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /səʔ⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: /ʃɨk̚/

Rime
Character	穡
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	生 (21)
Final (韻)	蒸 (134)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	所力切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʃɨk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʃɨk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ʃiek̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʂik̚/
Li Rong	/ʃiək̚/
Wang Li	/ʃĭək̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʂi̯ək̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	she
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sik¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*s.rək/
(Zhengzhang): /*srɯɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	穡
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	sè
Middle Chinese	‹ srik ›
Old Chinese	/*s.rək/
English	reap
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	穡
Reading #	1/1
No.	10993
Phonetic component	嗇
Rime group	職
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	色
Old Chinese	/*srɯɡ/
Notes	嗇轉註字

Definitions

穡

to harvest; to reap
^† harvest; crops
^† to plant crops; to cultivate; to work on a farm
^† ear of grain
(literary or Hokkien) farming; farm labour
(Hokkien) work; labour (in general)
^† to link together; to connect; to hook together

Compounds

不稼不穡／不稼不穑
作穡／作穑
作穡人／作穑人
力穡／力穑
務穡／务穑
包穡頭／包穑头
寶穡／宝穑
本穡／本穑
桑穡／桑穑
產穡／产穑
田穡／田穑

省穡／省穑
瞻蒲勸穡／瞻蒲劝穑
秋穡／秋穑
稷穡／稷穑
稼穡／稼穑 (jiàsè)
稼穡翁／稼穑翁
稼穡艱難／稼穑艰难
穡事／穑事
穡人／穑人
穡地／穑地

穡夫／穑夫
穡民／穑民
穡督／穑督
穡臣／穑臣
穡路／穑路
穡頭／穑头 (sit-thâu) (Min Nan)
穡養／穑养
耕穡／耕穑
蠶穡／蚕穑
農穡／农穑

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): sè (se⁴)
(Zhuyin): ㄙㄜˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): sik¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: sè
  - Zhuyin: ㄙㄜˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sè
  - Wade–Giles: sê⁴
  - Yale: sè
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: seh
  - Palladius: сэ (sɛ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɤ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: sik¹
  - Yale: sīk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sik⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: xig¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɪk̚⁵/

Middle Chinese: /ʃɨk̚/

Rime
Character	穡
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	生 (21)
Final (韻)	蒸 (134)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	所力切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʃɨk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʃɨk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ʃiek̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʂik̚/
Li Rong	/ʃiək̚/
Wang Li	/ʃĭək̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʂi̯ək̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	she
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sik¹

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*srɯɡ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	穡
Reading #	1/1
No.	10993
Phonetic component	嗇
Rime group	職
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	色
Old Chinese	/*srɯɡ/
Notes	嗇轉註字

Definitions

穡

^† Alternative form of 嗇／啬 (sè, “to cherish; to not waste”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): sè (se⁴)
(Zhuyin): ㄙㄜˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): sik¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: sè
  - Zhuyin: ㄙㄜˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sè
  - Wade–Giles: sê⁴
  - Yale: sè
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: seh
  - Palladius: сэ (sɛ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɤ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: sik¹
  - Yale: sīk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sik⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: xig¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɪk̚⁵/

Middle Chinese: /ʃɨk̚/

Rime
Character	穡
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	生 (21)
Final (韻)	蒸 (134)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	所力切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʃɨk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʃɨk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ʃiek̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʂik̚/
Li Rong	/ʃiək̚/
Wang Li	/ʃĭək̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʂi̯ək̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	she
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sik¹

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*srɯɡ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	穡
Reading #	1/1
No.	10993
Phonetic component	嗇
Rime group	職
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	色
Old Chinese	/*srɯɡ/
Notes	嗇轉註字

Definitions

穡

^† Alternative form of 㱇 (“anxious; distressed; sorrowful”).

Japanese

Kanji

穡

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

harvest

Readings

On (unclassified): しょく (shoku)

Kun: とりいれ (toriire)

Korean

Hanja

穡 • (saek) (hangeul 색, revised saek, McCune–Reischauer saek, Yale sayk)

farm, harvest grain
stingy

Vietnamese

Han character

穡: Hán Nôm readings: sắc

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