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单词 程
释义

程

程 U+7A0B, 程
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7A0B
← 稊
[U+7A0A]		CJK Unified Ideographs稌 →
[U+7A0C]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

程 (Kangxi radical 115, 禾+7, 12 strokes, cangjie input 竹木口竹土 (HDRHG) or 竹木口一土 (HDRMG), four-corner 26914, composition ⿰禾呈)

Derived characters

  • 𣽿, 𤩏, 𦻓

References

  • KangXi: page 854, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25081
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1278, character 22
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2607, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+7A0B

Chinese

trad.程
simp. #程
alternative forms呈

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (呈) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
挰*rleːŋ
鋥*rleːŋs
逞*l̥ʰeŋʔ
裎*l̥ʰeŋʔ, *rleŋ
悜*l̥ʰeŋʔ
睈*l̥ʰeŋʔ
呈*rleŋ, *l'eŋs
程*rleŋ
酲*rleŋ
珵*rleŋ
徎*rleŋʔ, *l̥ʰeːŋʔ
郢*leŋʔ
浧*leŋʔ
桯*l̥ʰeːŋ, *ɦleːŋ
鞓*l̥ʰeːŋ
壬*l̥ʰeːŋʔ, *njɯm
鐵*l̥ʰiːɡ
驖*l̥ʰiːɡ, *l'iːɡ
戜*l'iːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *rleŋ) : semantic 禾 (“grain”) + phonetic 呈 (OC *rleŋ, *l'eŋs) – measurements.

Pronunciation

  • Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chéng (cheng2)
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄥˊ
  • Cantonese (Jyutping): cing4
  • Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chhàng
    (Meixian, Guangdong): cang2
  • Min Dong (BUC): tiàng / tìng
  • Min Nan
    (Hokkien, POJ): thiâⁿ / thêe / thêng / têng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): tian5
  • Wu (Wiktionary): zen (T3)
  • Mandarin
    • (Standard Chinese)+
      • Hanyu Pinyin: chéng
      • Zhuyin: ㄔㄥˊ
      • Tongyong Pinyin: chéng
      • Wade–Giles: chʻêng2
      • Yale: chéng
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: cherng
      • Palladius: чэн (čɛn)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/
  • Cantonese
    • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
      • Jyutping: cing4
      • Yale: chìhng
      • Cantonese Pinyin: tsing4
      • Guangdong Romanization: qing4
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɪŋ²¹/
  • Hakka
    • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
      • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhàng
      • Hakka Romanization System: cangˇ
      • Hagfa Pinyim: cang2
      • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰaŋ¹¹/
    • (Meixian)
      • Guangdong: cang2
      • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰaŋ¹¹/
  • Min Dong
    • (Fuzhou)
      • Bàng-uâ-cê: tiàng / tìng
      • Sinological IPA (key): /tʰiaŋ⁵³/, /tʰiŋ⁵³/
Note:
  • tiàng - vernacular;
  • tìng - literary.
  • Min Nan
    • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thiâⁿ
      • Tâi-lô: thiânn
      • Phofsit Daibuun: tviaa
      • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰiã²³/
      • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei): /tʰiã²⁴/
      • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰiã¹³/
    • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thêe
      • Tâi-lô: thêe
      • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰɛ¹³/
    • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thêng
      • Tâi-lô: thîng
      • Phofsit Daibuun: teeng
      • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /tʰiɪŋ²⁴/
      • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰiɪŋ²³/
      • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰiɪŋ¹³/
    • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: têng
      • Tâi-lô: tîng
      • Phofsit Daibuun: deeng
      • IPA (Taipei): /tiɪŋ²⁴/
      • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiɪŋ²³/
Note:
  • thiâⁿ - vernacular (incl. surname);
  • thêng/têng - literary.
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: tian5
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thiâⁿ
      • Sinological IPA (key): /tʰĩã⁵⁵/
  • Wu
    • (Shanghainese)
      • Wiktionary: zen (T3)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /z̥əɲ²³/
  • Middle Chinese: /ɖiᴇŋ/
Rime
Character程
Reading #1/1
Initial (聲)澄 (11)
Final (韻)清 (121)
Tone (調)Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)Open
Division (等)III
Fanqie直貞切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		/ɖiᴇŋ/
Pan
Wuyun		/ɖiɛŋ/
Shao
Rongfen		/ȡiæŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		/ɖiajŋ/
Li
Rong		/ȡiɛŋ/
Wang
Li		/ȡĭɛŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren		/ȡʱi̯ɛŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		chéng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		cing4
  • Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*(C.)lreŋ/, /*l<r>eŋ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*rleŋ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character程程
Reading #1/22/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		chéngchéng
Middle
Chinese		‹ drjeng ›‹ drjeng ›
Old
Chinese		/*(C.)lreŋ//*l<r>eŋ/
EnglishChéng (a surname)rule, norm

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character程
Reading #1/1
No.1435
Phonetic
component		呈
Rime
group		耕
Rime
subdivision		0
Corresponding
MC rime		呈
Old
Chinese		/*rleŋ/

Definitions

程

  1. † weights and measures; measurements of all kinds
  2. † rules; regulations
  3. † model; law; standard
  4. † limit; limitation; quota; norm
  5. † period of time; time
  6. schedule; agenda; order
  7. stage of a journey
  8. journey; trip; distance travelled
  9. procedure; process; course
  10. † to measure; to weigh; to judge
  11. a surname
    程頤／程颐  ―  Chéng Yí  ―  Cheng Yi (Song dynasty philosopher)

Compounds

Derived terms from 程

Japanese

Shinjitai程
Kyūjitai
[1]
程󠄁
程+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
程󠄃
程+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

程

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. extent
  2. degree
  3. law
  4. formula
  5. distance
  6. limits
  7. amount

Readings

  • Go-on: じょう (jō)←ぢやう (dyau, historical)
  • Kan-on: てい (tei, Jōyō)
  • Kun: ほど (hodo, 程, Jōyō); のり (nori, 程); みちのり (michinori, 程); はかる (hakaru, 程る)
  • Nanori: しな (shina); たけ (take); のり (nori); ほど (hodo); みな (mina)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
程
ほど
Grade: 5
kun’yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 程 – see the following entry.
【ほど】
[particle] "as much as"; upper limit; degree
[noun] degree, bounds, extent
(This term, 程, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

References

  1. “程”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia)‎ (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015—2023

Korean

Hanja

程 • (jeong) (hangeul 정, revised jeong, McCune–Reischauer chŏng, Yale ceng)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

程: Hán Nôm readings: trình

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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