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单词 禍
释义

禍

See also: 祸
禍 U+798D, 禍
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-798D
← 禌
[U+798C]		CJK Unified Ideographs禎 →
[U+798E]

禍 U+FA52, 禍
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA52
← 祝
[U+FA51]		CJK Compatibility Ideographs禎 →
[U+FA53]

Translingual

Han character

禍 (Kangxi radical 113, 示+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 戈火月月口 (IFBBR), four-corner 37227, composition ⿰礻咼)

References

  • KangXi: page 844, character 31
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24766
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1265, character 19
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2402, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+798D
  • Unihan data for U+FA52

Chinese

trad.禍
simp.祸
alternative forms旤

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 禍
Warring StatesShuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Bronze inscriptionsChu slip and silk scriptSmall seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (冎) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
碢*l'oːl
腡*ɡ·roːl, *kʷroːl
過*kloːl, *kloːls
渦*kloːl, *qloːl
鍋*kloːl
楇*kloːl, *ɡloːls
瘑*kloːl
緺*koːl, *kroːl, *kʷroːl
堝*kloːl
濄*kloːl, *qloːl
鐹*kloːlʔ, *kloːls
薖*kʰloːl
簻*kʰloːl, *kr'oːl
禍*ɡloːlʔ
窩*qloːl
萵*qloːl
檛*kr'oːl
膼*kr'oːl
蝸*kroːl, *kʷroːl
媧*kroːl, *kʷroːl
騧*kroːl, *kʷroːl
冎*kroːlʔ
剮*kroːlʔ
諣*qʰroːls, *qʰʷroːls
歄*kʷroːl
咼*kʰʷroːl
喎*kʰʷroːl

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡloːlʔ) : semantic 示 (“sacrifice”) + phonetic 咼 (OC *kʰʷroːl).

Pronunciation

  • Mandarin
    (Pinyin): huò (huo4)
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄛˋ
  • Cantonese (Jyutping): wo6, wo5
  • Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fo
  • Jin (Wiktionary): hue3
  • Min Bei (KCR): huā
  • Min Dong (BUC): huô
  • Min Nan
    (Hokkien, POJ): hǒ͘ / hō / ě / ē
    (Teochew, Peng'im): hua6
  • Mandarin
    • (Standard Chinese)+
      • Hanyu Pinyin: huò
      • Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄛˋ
      • Tongyong Pinyin: huò
      • Wade–Giles: huo4
      • Yale: hwò
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huoh
      • Palladius: хо (xo)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /xwɔ⁵¹/
  • Cantonese
    • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
      • Jyutping: wo6, wo5
      • Yale: woh, wóh
      • Cantonese Pinyin: wo6, wo5
      • Guangdong Romanization: wo6, wo5
      • Sinological IPA (key): /wɔː²²/, /wɔː¹³/
  • Hakka
    • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
      • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fo
      • Hakka Romanization System: fo
      • Hagfa Pinyim: fo4
      • Sinological IPA: /fo⁵⁵/
  • Jin
    • (Taiyuan)+
      • Wiktionary: hue3
      • Sinological IPA (old-style): /xuɤ⁴⁵/
  • Min Bei
    • (Jian'ou)
      • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: huā
      • Sinological IPA (key): /xua⁵⁵/
  • Min Dong
    • (Fuzhou)
      • Bàng-uâ-cê: huô
      • Sinological IPA (key): /huɔ²⁴²/
  • Min Nan
    • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hǒ͘
      • Tâi-lô: hǒo
      • IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔ²²/
    • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hō
      • Tâi-lô: hō
      • Phofsit Daibuun: hoi
      • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɤ³³/
      • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ho²²/
      • IPA (Taipei): /ho³³/
    • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ě
      • Tâi-lô: ě
      • IPA (Quanzhou): /e²²/
    • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ē
      • Tâi-lô: ē
      • Phofsit Daibuun: e
      • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /e³³/
      • IPA (Xiamen): /e²²/
Note:
  • hǒ͘/hō - literary;
  • ě/ē - vernacular.
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: hua6
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: huă
      • Sinological IPA (key): /hua³⁵/
  • Dialectal data
VarietyLocation
edit
禍
MandarinBeijing/xuo⁵¹/
Harbin/xuo⁵³/
Tianjin/xuo⁵³/
Jinan/xuə²¹/
Qingdao/xuə⁴²/
Zhengzhou/xuo³¹²/
Xi'an/xuo⁴⁴/
Xining/xu²¹³/
Yinchuan/xuə¹³/
Lanzhou/xuə¹³/
Ürümqi/xuɤ²¹³/
Wuhan/xuo³⁵/
Chengdu/xo¹³/
Guiyang/xo²¹³/
Kunming/xo²¹²/
Nanjing/xo⁴⁴/
Hefei/xʊ⁵³/
JinTaiyuan/xuɤ⁴⁵/
Pingyao/xuə³⁵/
Hohhot/xuɤ⁵⁵/
WuShanghai/ɦu²³/
Suzhou/ɦəu³¹/
Hangzhou/ɦo¹³/
Wenzhou/vu³⁵/
HuiShexian/xo²²/
Tunxi/xo²⁴/
XiangChangsha/xo⁵⁵/
/xo¹¹/
Xiangtan/ɦo²¹/
GanNanchang/fo²¹/
HakkaMeixian/fo⁵³/
Taoyuan/fo⁵⁵/
CantoneseGuangzhou/wɔ²²/
Nanning/wɔ²²/
Hong Kong/wɔ²²/
MinXiamen (Min Nan)/ho²²/
/e²²/
Fuzhou (Min Dong)/huɔ²⁴²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei)/xua⁴⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan)/hua³⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan)/ho³³/
/hua³³/
  • Middle Chinese: /ɦuɑX/
Rime
Character禍
Reading #1/1
Initial (聲)匣 (33)
Final (韻)戈 (95)
Tone (調)Rising (X)
Openness (開合)Closed
Division (等)I
Fanqie胡果切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		/ɦuɑX/
Pan
Wuyun		/ɦuɑX/
Shao
Rongfen		/ɣuɑX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		/ɦwaX/
Li
Rong		/ɣuɑX/
Wang
Li		/ɣuɑX/
Bernard
Karlgren		/ɣuɑX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		huò
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		wo6
  • Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ʷˤajʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡloːlʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character禍
Reading #1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		huò
Middle
Chinese		‹ hwaX ›
Old
Chinese		/*[ɡ]ʷˁajʔ/
Englishcalamity

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character禍
Reading #1/1
No.4375
Phonetic
component		冎
Rime
group		歌
Rime
subdivision		3
Corresponding
MC rime		禍
Old
Chinese		/*ɡloːlʔ/

Definitions

禍

  1. disaster; misfortune; calamity
    • 禍兮福之所倚，福兮禍之所伏 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
      祸兮福之所倚，福兮祸之所伏 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
      From: Tao Te Ching, 4th century BCE
      huò xī fú zhī suǒ yǐ, fú xī huò zhī suǒ fú [Pinyin]
      Misery! - happiness is to be found by its side! Happiness! - misery lurks beneath it!
  2. to bring disaster upon

Synonyms

  • (disaster):
edit
Synonyms of 禍
  • (to bring disaster upon):
edit
Synonyms of 禍

Antonyms

  • (disaster): (literary, or in compounds) 福 (fú)

Compounds

Derived terms from 禍

Japanese

Shinjitai禍
Kyūjitai
[1]
禍
&#xFA52;
or
禍+&#xFE00;?
禍󠄀
禍+&#xE0100;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
禍󠄃
禍+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

禍

(common “Jōyō” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 禍)

  1. Calamity

Readings

  • Go-on: が (ga)←ぐわ (gwa, historical); わ (wa)
  • Kan-on: か (ka, Jōyō)←くわ (kwa, historical)
  • Kun: わざわい (wazawai, 禍い)←わざはひ (wazafafi, historical); まが (maga, 禍)

Noun

禍(わざわい) • (wazawai) 

  1. Alternative form of 災い

References

  1. “禍”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia)‎ (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015—2023

Korean

Hanja

禍 • (hwa) (hangeul 화, revised hwa, McCune–Reischauer hwa, Yale hwa)

  1. disaster, calamity

Vietnamese

Han character

禍: Hán Nôm readings: họa/hoạ, vạ

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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