神風

神風

See also: 神风

Chinese

		God; unusual; mysterious God; unusual; mysterious; soul; spirit; divine essence; lively; spiritual being	wind; news; style wind; news; style; custom; manner
trad. (神風)		神	風
simp. (神风)		神	风
anagram		風神／风神

Etymology

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 神風 (kamikaze).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): shénfēng

  (Zhuyin): ㄕㄣˊ ㄈㄥ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): san⁴ fung¹
• Min Nan (POJ): sîn-hong

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: shénfēng
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄣˊ ㄈㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shénfong
    • Wade–Giles: shên²-fêng¹
    • Yale: shén-fēng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shernfeng
    • Palladius: шэньфэн (šɛnʹfɛn)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂən³⁵ fɤŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: san⁴ fung¹
    • Yale: sàhn fūng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: san⁴ fung¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: sen⁴ fung¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐn²¹ fʊŋ⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sîn-hong
    • Tâi-lô: sîn-hong
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sinhofng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /ɕin²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ɕin²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɕin¹³⁻²² hɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /ɕin²⁴⁻¹¹ hɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɕin²³⁻³³ hɔŋ⁴⁴/

Noun

神風

1. kamikaze

Verb

神風

1. to kamikaze

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Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
神	風
かみ Grade: 3	かぜ Grade: 2
kun’yomi

Alternative spelling
神風 (kyūjitai)

/kamukaze/ → /kamikaze/

Shift from Old Japanese kamukaze (see below).

Pronunciation

• Kun’yomi
• (Tokyo) かみ​かぜ [kàmíꜜkàzè] (Nakadaka – [2])[1]
• IPA^(key): [ka̠mʲika̠ze̞]

Noun

神(かみ)風(かぜ) • (kamikaze) 

1. a divine wind
2. a kamikaze, a suicide pilot in World War Two
3. (figuratively) a reckless and dangerous action
4. the typhoons that saved Japan from Mongol invasion in the late 1200s: see Mongol invasions of Japan on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Usage notes

This kamikaze spelling is also the ultimate source of English kamikaze, but by a circuitous route. The characters appear in 神(しん)風(ぷう)特(とく)別(べつ)攻(こう)撃(げき)隊(たい) (shinpū tokubetsu kōgeki tai, “shinpū special attack unit”), the name of airborne kamikaze units surely named after the typhoon but using the on'yomi or Sino-Japanese reading shinpū (see below). The kamikaze reading was used informally in the Japanese media at the time, and this made its way into English. For more, see Kamikaze#Definition and etymology on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

The Japanese term for referring to the WWII suicide pilots is the abbreviated form 特(とっ)攻(こう)隊(たい) (tokkōtai).

Derived terms

• 神(かみ)風(かぜ)タクシー (kamikaze takushī): a kamikaze taxi, a taxi driven recklessly fast
• 神(かみ)風(かぜ)の (kamikaze no): an epithet alluding to Ise
• 神(かみ)風(かぜ)や (kamikaze ya): an epithet alluding to Ise

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
神	風
かむ Grade: 3	かぜ Grade: 2
kun’yomi

Alternative spelling
神風 (kyūjitai)

From Old Japanese. Found in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE.[2]

Compound of 神 (kamu, “god, deity”, the ancient combining form of modern kami) +‎ 風 (kaze, “wind”).[3][1][4]

Pronunciation

• Kun’yomi
• IPA^(key): [ka̠mɯ̟ᵝka̠ze̞]

Noun

神(かむ)風(かぜ) • (kamukaze) 

1. (archaic) a divine wind
2. (archaic) the typhoons that saved Japan from Mongol invasion in the late 1200s: see Mongol invasions of Japan on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Derived terms

• 神(かむ)風(かぜ)の (kamukaze no): an epithet alluding to Ise
• 神(かむ)風(かぜ)や (kamukaze ya): an epithet alluding to Ise

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
神	風
かん Grade: 3	かぜ Grade: 2
kun’yomi

Alternative spelling
神風 (kyūjitai)

/kamukaze/ → /kankaze/

From Old Japanese. Shift from earlier kamukaze (see above).

Pronunciation

• Kun’yomi
• IPA^(key): [kã̠ŋka̠ze̞]

Noun

神(かん)風(かぜ) • (kankaze) 

1. (archaic) a divine wind
2. (archaic) the typhoons that saved Japan from Mongol invasion in the late 1200s: see Mongol invasions of Japan on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
神	風
しん Grade: 3	ふう > ぷう Grade: 2
on’yomi

Alternative spelling
神風 (kyūjitai)

From Middle Chinese 神風 (MC ʑiɪn pɨuŋ).

Pronunciation

• On’yomi
• (Tokyo) しんぷう [shìńpúú] (Heiban – [0])[1]
• IPA^(key): [ɕĩmpɯ̟ᵝː]

Noun

神(しん)風(ぷう) • (shinpū) 

1. a divine wind

Derived terms

• 神(しん)風(ぷう)連(れん) (Shinpūren): the Shinpūren or “Divine Wind League”, an association of ex-samurai committed to the violent undoing of the Meiji Restoration: see Shinpūren rebellion on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• 神(しん)風(ぷう)特(とく)別(べつ)攻(こう)撃(げき)隊(たい) (shinpū tokubetsu kōgeki tai): “Divine Wind” special attack unit (airborne kamikaze unit)

See also

• 特(とっ)攻(こう)隊(たい) (tokkōtai)

References

1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
2. c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 2, poem 162), text here
3. 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
4. 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

Further reading

• Discussion of this term on Languagehat, a language blog

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Vietnamese

Hán tự in this term
神	風

Noun

神風

1. chữ Hán form of thần phong (“kamikaze”).