祝

See also: ㈷ and ㊗

祝	U+795D, 祝 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-795D

← 祜
[U+795C]

CJK Unified Ideographs

神 →
[U+795E]

祝	U+FA51, 祝 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA51

← 祖
[U+FA50]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs

禍 →
[U+FA52]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

祝 (Kangxi radical 113, 示+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 戈火口竹山 (IFRHU), four-corner 3621₀, composition ⿰礻兄(GHTJV) or ⿰示兄(K or U+FA51))

Derived characters

𠺷, 𣘌, 𨃷, 𤹙, 𡎺

References

KangXi: page 842, character 1
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24672
Dae Jaweon: page 1260, character 10
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2393, character 1
Unihan data for U+795D
Unihan data for U+FA51

Chinese

simp. and trad.		祝

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 祝
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (祝) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
祝	tjuɡs, tjuɡ
呪	*tjus
咒	*tjus
柷	tjuɡ, tʰjuɡ

Ideogram (指事) – a man kneeling with open mouth (兄) next to an altar (示).

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhù (zhu⁴)
(Zhuyin): ㄓㄨˋ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): zuk¹
(Taishan, Wiktionary): zuuk²
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chuk
(Meixian, Guangdong): zug⁵
Min Bei (KCR): cṳ̆
Min Dong (BUC): cé̤ṳk
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): chiok
(Teochew, Peng'im): zog⁴
Wu (Wiktionary): tsoq (T4)
Xiang (Wiktionary): zhou⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhù
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhù
  - Wade–Giles: chu⁴
  - Yale: jù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juh
  - Palladius: чжу (čžu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: zuk¹
  - Yale: jūk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzuk⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: zug¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊk̚⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: zuuk²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɵk̚⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chuk
  - Hakka Romanization System: zug`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zug⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡suk̚²/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: zug⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʊk̚¹/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cṳ̆
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sy²⁴/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: cé̤ṳk
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡søyʔ²⁴/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiok
  - Tâi-lô: tsiok
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ciog
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡ɕiɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕiɔk̚⁵/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕiɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡ɕiɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕiɔk̚³²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: zog⁴
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsok
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sok̚²/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: tsoq (T4)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊʔ⁵⁵/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: zhou⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /ʈ͡ʂəu²⁴/
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /t͡səu²⁴/

Middle Chinese: /t͡ɕɨuk̚/

Rime
Character	祝
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	東 (4)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	之六切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕɨuk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕiuk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕiuk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cuwk̚/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiuk̚/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭuk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯uk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zuk¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[t]uk/, /*tuk/
(Zhengzhang): /*tjuɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	祝	祝
Reading #	2/3	3/3
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhù	zhù
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyuwk ›	‹ tsyuwk ›
Old Chinese	/*[t]uk/	/*tuk/
English	pray, recite	cut off, break
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	祝
Reading #	2/2
No.	17653
Phonetic component	祝
Rime group	覺
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	粥
Old Chinese	/*tjuɡ/

Definitions

祝

to offer good wishes
祝你身體健康！／祝你身体健康！ ― Zhù nǐ shēntǐ jiànkāng! ― I wish you good health!
(literary, or in compounds) to pray; to say prayers
祝告 ― zhùgào ― to pray
(literary) words said in a prayer in a religious ceremony
(literary) wizard; warlock; sorcerer
(literary) temple attendant who burns joss sticks and candles
(literary) to break off; to cut off; to sever
a surname
祝允明 ― Zhù Yǔnmíng ― Zhu Yunming

Synonyms

(to offer good wishes):

edit

敬祝 (jìngzhù) (honorific)
祈望 (qíwàng)

祝福 (zhùfú)
祈願／祈愿 (qíyuàn)

祝頌／祝颂 (zhùsòng)
祝願／祝愿 (zhùyuàn)

(to pray): 祈福 (qífú)
(to break off):

edit

斷絕／断绝 (duànjué)
結絕／结绝 (jiéjué) (literary)

絕／绝 (jué) (literary, or in compounds)
隔斷／隔断 (géduàn)

隔絕／隔绝 (géjué)
隔離／隔离 (gélí)

Compounds

Derived terms from 祝

卜祝
太祝
奈上祝下
嵩祝
巫祝
敬祝 (jìngzhù)
祝付
祝允明
祝史
祝告 (zhùgào)
祝嘏
祝巫
祝文 (zhùwén)
祝版
祝犁

祝由科
祝福 (zhùfú)
祝融 (Zhùróng)
祝釐
尸祝
尸祝代庖
梁祝 (Liáng-Zhù)
對天祝告／对天祝告
廟祝／庙祝 (miàozhù)
慶祝／庆祝 (qìngzhù)
慶祝大會／庆祝大会
祝壽／祝寿 (zhùshòu)
祝壽延年／祝寿延年
祝禱／祝祷 (zhùdǎo)

祝網／祝网
祝聖／祝圣 (zhùshèng)
祝英臺／祝英台
祝詞／祝词 (zhùcí)
祝讚／祝赞
祝賀／祝贺 (zhùhè)
祝願／祝愿 (zhùyuàn)
祝髮／祝发
禱祝／祷祝 (dǎozhù)
華封三祝／华封三祝
華祝三多／华祝三多
詛祝／诅祝
預祝／预祝 (yùzhù)
馨香禱祝／馨香祷祝

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhòu (zhou⁴)
(Zhuyin): ㄓㄡˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zau³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhòu
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄡˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhòu
  - Wade–Giles: chou⁴
  - Yale: jòu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jow
  - Palladius: чжоу (čžou)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: zau³
  - Yale: jau
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzau³
  - Guangdong Romanization: zeo³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐu̯³³/

Middle Chinese: /t͡ɕɨu^H/

Rime
Character	祝
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	職救切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕɨu^H/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕiu^H/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕiəu^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cuw^H/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiu^H/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭəu^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯ə̯u^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhòu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zau³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[t]uk-s/
(Zhengzhang): /*tjuɡs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	祝
Reading #	1/3
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhòu
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyuw^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[t]uk-s/
English	to curse
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	祝
Reading #	1/2
No.	17650
Phonetic component	祝
Rime group	奧
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	呪
Old Chinese	/*tjuɡs/
Notes	見詩，說文作詶，後作呪

Definitions

祝

Alternative form of 咒 (zhòu, “to curse”).

Japanese

Shinjitai	祝
Kyūjitai [1][2]	祝 `祝` or 祝+`︀`^?
	祝󠄀 祝+`󠄀`^? (Adobe-Japan1)
	祝󠄃 祝+`󠄃`^? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Kanji

祝

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 祝)

celebrate, congratulate
blessing

Readings

From Middle Chinese 祝 (MC t͡ɕɨuk̚):

Go-on: しゅく (shuku, Jōyō)
Kan-on: しゅく (shuku, Jōyō)

From Middle Chinese 祝 (MC t͡ɕɨu^H):

Go-on: しゅ (shu)
Kan-on: しゅう (shū, Jōyō ^†)^{←しう (siu, historical)}

From native Japanese roots:

Kun: いわう (iwau, 祝う, Jōyō)^{←いはふ (ifafu, historical)}; のりと (norito, 祝); はふり (hafuri, 祝)^{←はふり (fafuri, historical)}; ほうり (hōri, 祝)^{←はふり (fafuri, historical)}; ほがう (hogau, 祝う)^{←ほがふ (fogafu, historical)}; ほぐ (hogu, 祝ぐ)
Nanori: い (i); いわい (iwai); とき (toki); のり (nori); のりと (norito); はじめ (hajime); ほう (hō); ほぎ (hogi); ゆわい (yuwai); よし (yoshi)

Compounds

祝福(しゅくふく) (shukufuku): a blessing
祝印(しゅういん) (shūin): a blessed seal or stamp
祝日(しゅくじつ) (shukujitsu)

Prefix

祝(しゅく) • (shuku-)

celebration of …

References

“祝”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia)‎ (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015—2023
1914, 漢和大辭書 (Kanwa Dai Jisho, “The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 1555 (paper), page 829 (digital), Tōkyō: 興文社 (Kōbunsha)

Korean

Hanja

祝 (eumhun 빌 축 (bil chuk))

Hanja form^? of 축 (“wish; celebrating”).

Compounds

祝文 (축문)
祝賀 (축하)

Vietnamese

Han character

祝: Hán Nôm readings: chúc, chóc, chọc, chốc, chuốc, dốc, gióc

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

[1] “祝”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia)‎ (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015—2023

[2] 1914, 漢和大辭書 (Kanwa Dai Jisho, “The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 1555 (paper), page 829 (digital), Tōkyō: 興文社 (Kōbunsha)